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This study aims to analyze the implementation of legal responsibility by goat farmers in managing waste from Etawa goat farming based on a circular economy model at Nusantara Farm, Sidoarjo. The study employs both normative juridical and empirical juridical approaches, with data collection techniques including literature review, interviews, and field observations.The results indicate that waste management is carried out through direct utilization, such as using livestock manure as organic fertilizer, selling waste, and distributing it to the surrounding community. These practices demonstrate that waste is not disposed of carelessly but rather reused, thereby creating economic and functional value.From a legal perspective, this condition reflects the fulfillment of the farmers' responsibilities in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, particularly in efforts to prevent environmental pollution. Furthermore, these waste management practices partially embody the principles of the circular economy, especially in terms of reuse.However, the current waste management practices remain conventional and are not yet optimally integrated. Therefore, there is a need to develop a waste management model based on an integrated closed-loop system to enhance the economic value of waste while ensuring more effective environmental sustainability.

This study aims to design and develop a web-based sales information system for a goat farming business at Herman Farm using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method. The identified problems include manual transaction recording, stock management, and sales reporting processes, which are inefficient, prone to errors, and unable to provide real-time data access. The RAD method is selected due to its ability to accelerate system development through an iterative approach and active user involvement in each stage, including requirements planning, system design, construction, and implementation. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and literature studies. The developed system provides features for managing goat data, sales transactions, customer management, and integrated sales reporting within a web-based platform. The results show that the system improves efficiency in data management and transaction processes, while producing more accurate, structured, and accessible reports. Therefore, this system can assist Herman Farm in optimizing its sales operations and expanding its online marketing reach.

This study aims to analyze the need for redesigning the visual identity of PHD (Peternakan Hijau Daun) Nusantara as an effort to strengthen the brand image as an arts and culture-based educational tourism destination. The problems underlying this research are the inconsistent visual identity, the lack of representation of the brand's character, and the low level of audience recognition of PHD Nusantara. The research methods used include observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results of the analysis indicate several main factors that form the basis for the need for redesign, namely the inconsistency of visual elements, the weak strength and readability of the logo, the inconsistency of the visual identity with the character of the destination, and the suboptimal visual experience of the audience at various interaction points. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the development of a more consistent, communicative, and characteristic visual identity is needed as a basis for the redesign process. The results of this study are expected to be a reference in redesigning a visual identity that can strengthen the image of PHD Nusantara and increase its appeal to the audience.

This study evaluates the implementation and contribution of the Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) Program to Brahman Cross cattle farming in Bojonegoro Regency. A mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design was applied, involving surveys, in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis of 20 SPR farmers. The results show that the program effectively improved farmers’ knowledge and technical competencies (knowledge scores ranging from 4.35–5.00). However, business expansion aspiration remained very low 1.15, indicating structural constraints beyond individual capacity enhancement. Technical performance of Brahman Cross cattle was fluctuating, particularly in reproductive indicators, and institutional capacity within the farmer group remained limited in managerial coordination and collective decision-making. These findings demonstrate that improvements in individual capacity do not automatically translate into sustainable business performance. Institutional strengthening and alignment between program design and smallholder conditions are essential to ensure long-term program effectiveness.

Dairy goat farming holds significant economic potential as a rural enterprise alternative, driven by increasing market demand for goat milk, which is known for being low-allergen and highly nutritious. This article presents a case study on Okane Mochi Farm, a dairy goat farming unit located in Ngaglik Village, Gebang District, Purworejo Regency. This study aims to analyze the breeding management strategies, product innovation, and economic impacts generated by the farm. The method used is field observation and descriptive study of the farm's operations. Observations indicate that the success of Okane Mochi Farm is driven by three main factors: (1) Innovation in selecting superior breeds such as Anglo Nubian and Sapera for high milk productivity; (2) Implementation of strict housing management and hygiene standards to maintain milk quality; and (3) Product diversification through flavored pasteurized milk processing and the utilization of livestock waste into organic fertilizer (zero waste). The study concludes that the upstream-downstream integration model applied by Okane Mochi Farm can serve as a reference for sustainable rural economic empowerment models.

This study aims to analyze the inventory management practices of qurban cattle at Purnomo Sapi Mulyo Farm in Boyolali, Central Java, particularly in facing the surge in demand prior to Eid al-Adha. The research is motivated by the unique characteristics of qurban cattle inventory, which involves living assets, seasonal demand, and biological risks that differ significantly from conventional inventory management. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed to capture in-depth information regarding inventory planning, procurement, storage, and sales practices. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the business owner as the key informant, direct observation of operational activities, and documentation review. The findings reveal that inventory management at the farm is conducted in a responsive manner based on consumer orders, enabling the business to minimize overstock risks and operational costs. However, inventory recording remains manual and unstructured, potentially limiting the accuracy of cost calculation and long-term planning. Price fluctuations and supply availability are strongly influenced by the Eid al-Adha momentum, while cattle health and lead time are critical factors affecting inventory effectiveness. From a theoretical perspective, the study extends inventory management concepts to the context of live and seasonal inventory. Practically, the findings suggest that implementing a simple yet structured inventory recording system could enhance operational efficiency and decision-making accuracy in local qurban cattle farms.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran kompetensi digital dan adaptasi penyuluh baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui pera efektivitas komunikasi terhadap kepuasan peternak ayam padaKemitraan Peternak Ayam di Kabupaten Pemalang. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta penyuluhan peternak ayam di Pemalang, dengan pengambilan sampel dengan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin yang berjumlah 133 responden. Sumber data yang digunakan data primer, dengan metode pengumpulan data kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi digital berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan peternak, adaptasi penyuluh berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan peternak. Kompetensi digital berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peran efektivitas komunikasi, adaptasi penyuluh berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peran efektivitas komunikasi. Efektivitas komunikasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan peternak. Efektivitas komunikasi dapat memediasi pengaruh kompetensi digital terhadap kepuasan peternak.  Efektivitas komunikasi dapat memediasi pengaruh adaptasi penyuluh terhadap kepuasan peternak.

This study investigates the implementation of the food security program and the establishment of independent economic pillars in Patempuran Village, Kalisat, Jember, by focusing on the central role of the Patempuran Sejahtera Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes). Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, this study explores the strategies, achievements, and challenges of program implementation in integrating two of the village's main agricultural potentials: soybean cultivation and livestock. The core finding is the formation of an Integrative Management Model in which the BUMDes acts as the primary institutional driver, synergizing the soybean and livestock sectors. The BUMDes successfully fulfills its dual function: as an economic institution (generating a net profit of approximately IDR 9 million from 1.8 hectares of soybean cultivation) and as a social institution empowering the community through job creation and additional income. This success is closely linked to the high level of active community participation, in line with Stakeholder Theory in strengthening legitimacy and a sense of shared ownership. However, implementation faces significant challenges, including irrigation constraints in hilly areas, livestock health risks, and a manual financial recording system (based on a simple Excel spreadsheet), which limits managerial capacity and full accountability. This study recommends immediate modernization of the accounting system, strategic investment in irrigation infrastructure, and strengthening intensive technical assistance to ensure long-term sustainability and equitable partner productivity.

This study aims to find the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge on interest in poultry farming entrepreneurship in class XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Talibura. This research was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Talibura. The population in this study were class XI students of poultry farming. The sample in this study amounted to 67 people. The sampling technique used is random sampling technique with the term random sampling. This research uses descriptive method and quantitative approach. All statements are valid, reliable, normal, linear. Based on the results of simple linear regression calculations, it is obtained that interest in entrepreneurship = 72.061 + 0.439 (knowledge of entrepreneurship). Testing the hypothesis from the calculation of the t test results obtained tcount > ttable 1.689> 1.667), which means that ho is rejected and h1 is accepted. The results show that the coefficient of determination (R Square) of the independent variable on the dependent variable is R2 = 0.487 or 48.7%. So, the results of this study concluded that there was a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial knowledge on the interest in entrepreneurship in poultry farming in Class XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Talibura.    

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of labor costs and feed costs on the income of broiler chicken farming businesses in Sikka Regency. The background of this research is based on the fact that labor costs and feed costs are the largest expense components in broiler chicken farming, thus it is necessary to investigate their contribution to farmers’ income. This research applies a quantitative approach with a causal design to identify cause-and-effect relationships between variables. The population of the study consisted of 78 broiler chicken farming businesses in Sikka Regency, with the purposive sampling technique applied to determine the sample. Data were collected through documentation techniques within the observation period of 2022–2024. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The results show that partially, labor costs have a significant effect on business income, indicating that the more efficient the management of labor, the higher the income generated. Feed costs also have a significant effect on business income, as feed is the main factor determining the growth quality of broiler chickens. Simultaneously, labor costs and feed costs significantly influence the income of broiler chicken farming businesses in Sikka Regency. These findings emphasize the importance of cost efficiency in the management of broiler chicken farming businesses to increase income and strengthen the competitiveness of local farmers amid the increasingly competitive poultry industry.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Christian mission by the Christian Veterinary Mission (CVM) in the development of agriculture/livestock and education for students of IAKN Tarutung, which also focuses on evangelism that introduces Christ to the communities and students being served. CVM, as an international Christian mission organization, carries out services that combine spiritual and practical approaches, particularly among communities that also include IAKN Tarutung students, through technical assistance, training, community empowerment, and educational support. This research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach, utilizing data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation from CVM workers, scholarship recipients, and the communities involved in the program. The theoretical basis of this research refers to the thoughts of David J. Bosch, who asserts that mission is an attribute of God (missio Dei) and the church is merely an instrument sent to carry it out. This also underpins the view that CVM's mission is not merely evangelism, but also practical service that addresses the real needs of society. The research findings indicate that CVM implements a holistic mission that focuses not only on evangelism but also on economic empowerment through agricultural and livestock training, improving the quality of human resources through formal and non-formal education, and building social and spiritual relationships within the community. This research emphasizes that CVM's application of the Christian mission is capable of providing positive transformation that encompasses social, economic, educational, and spiritual aspects of the community. This finding is expected to serve as a reference for the development of Christian mission models in other regions with relevant and contextual approaches.

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan kapasitas peternak sapi di Kecamatan Musuk, Boyolali, melalui penerapan teknologi pencacah hijauan dan teknik fermentasi silase. Program dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan partisipatif yang melibatkan 15 peternak anggota Slamet Jaya Farm selama delapan bulan. Kegiatan meliputi perancangan dan pembuatan mesin pencacah sederhana, pelatihan teknis, demonstrasi praktik pembuatan silase, serta pendampingan berkelanjutan. Mesin pencacah yang dirancang menggunakan motor 1 HP dengan kapasitas 200 kg/jam terbukti mampu menurunkan waktu pengolahan dan menghasilkan ukuran cacahan hijauan seragam 2–5 cm. Hasil program menunjukkan bahwa 82% peserta berhasil mengoperasikan mesin dan memproduksi silase berkualitas dengan pH optimal 3,8–4,2, sedangkan 71% mulai memanfaatkan limbah pertanian sebagai bahan baku silase. Program ini membuktikan bahwa teknologi tepat guna yang dikombinasikan dengan pelatihan intensif mampu meningkatkan pengelolaan pakan dan mendukung keberlanjutan usaha peternakan sapi lokal.

The growing demand for organic fertilizers as an alternative to chemical fertilizers is in line with increasing public awareness of environmentally friendly agriculture. Meanwhile, livestock waste, particularly rabbit urine, remains underutilized and is often discarded, despite its high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content and potential as a raw material for liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This study aims to design and develop a simple technological innovation for processing rabbit urine into economically valuable LOF, offering new business opportunities for local communities. Another objective is to advance bioactivator-based processing technology to produce an effective, marketable, and eco-friendly organic fertilizer that enhances plant growth. The research employed an applied research method with an experimental approach, including collection and processing of rabbit urine, simple production of LOF, effectiveness testing on horticultural crops with local farmers, and analysis of business feasibility and local marketing strategies. The study resulted in a simple bioactivator-based technology for converting rabbit urine into LOF through a fermentation process of more than 14 days, producing fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The LOF improved horticultural crop growth by 25–30% compared to control plants. The group business model provides livestock farmers with new business opportunities, achieving profit margins between 40% and 50%. This research produced a replicable technology guide and usable LOF product, contributing to waste reduction and supporting sustainable agriculture through community-based entrepreneurship.

This community service program at the Class I Correctional Facility SAE L’SIMA Malang was designed to address the urgent need for effective vocational skills development among inmates through productive poultry farming activities. One of the key challenges in poultry farming is the low success rate of egg hatching when relying on conventional, manually operated incubators that often lack precise temperature and humidity control. To overcome this problem, the program introduced the development and implementation of an automatic incubator system as a technological innovation to support both learning and productivity. The program employed a participatory approach, beginning with preliminary site surveys to identify existing resources and limitations within the correctional facility. Subsequently, the team carried out the design and assembly of an automatic egg incubator equipped with a digital system to monitor and regulate temperature and humidity levels. Functional testing was conducted using both chicken and duck eggs to ensure reliability and applicability across different types of poultry. In addition to the incubator prototype, the program also produced a practical user manual to guide inmates in operating and maintaining the equipment independently. The results demonstrated that the automatic incubator significantly improved the hatching success rate compared to traditional manual methods, despite initial challenges such as limited availability of components, restricted funding, and the reliance on outdated manual equipment. The inmates showed high levels of participation and adaptability in learning the operation of the new system, highlighting the potential of this program to enhance not only technical competence but also self-confidence. In conclusion, this initiative successfully integrated vocational training with technological innovation, offering a sustainable and practical solution for small to medium-scale poultry operations. Beyond improving technical skills, the program has broader social implications by equipping inmates with marketable competencies that can support their reintegration into society and contribute to their economic independence after release.

Human resources are the driving force of animal husbandry in Indonesia, because the role of human resources is important and aligned with qualified work skills will create sustainable dairy farms. This Literature Review aims to examine the effect of increasing productivity and sustainability of dairy farms through optimizing human resource management. This study used a systematic review method. After collecting information from 13 SINTA accredited journals and SCOPUS indexed journals, it was found that optimizing human resource management plays an important role in realizing productivity and sustainability of dairy cows, as found in this literature review that empowering farmers by providing training, knowledge and skills is a key factor in increasing production yields that support business sustainability.

Broiler chicken farming is one of the important agricultural subsectors in the development strategy, meaning that livestock becomes a medium for providing food to meet people's needs for animal protein and becomes a source of sustainable income and improves the biological environment. The aim of this research is to find out how feasible the broiler chicken farming business is in Mekarjaya Sukaraja village, Sukaraja sub-district, Tasikmalaya regency. This research uses quantitative descriptive analysis methods and data collection using interview, observation and questionnaire methods. The research sample used a purposive sampling method or was determined deliberately, the research sample was the owner of the chicken farm, Mr. Rizky. The eligibility criteria for Mr. Rizqy's broiler chicken farming business are obtaining a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR. 84,834,320. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is 20%, Payback Period (PP) is 3.86 years and Net B/C is IDR. 1.7. All business feasibility criteria show that a chicken farming business is feasible to run. If Mr. Rizqy wants to start the business again the following year with capital of Rp. 150,000,000 broiler chicken farming business could be one option.

The livestock industry plays a strategic role in providing animal-based food, yet it continues to face challenges related to efficiency and sustainability. Issues such as land limitations, animal diseases, and feed price fluctuations demand innovative production systems. One emerging solution is digital livestock farming, which integrates information and communication technologies into livestock management. This study aims to examine the role of digital livestock farming in improving production efficiency through a literature review of scientific sources published between 2017 and 2024. Literature was gathered from electronic databases and analyzed using a descriptive-qualitative approach with thematic analysis. The findings reveal that technologies such as the Internet of Things, biometric sensors, big data, and artificial intelligence enhance feed efficiency, animal health, reproduction, and labor management. Moreover, these technologies improve animal welfare and reduce environmental impact. However, challenges such as low digital literacy, limited infrastructure, and insufficient policy support hinder implementation, especially in developing countries. This review highlights the need for cross-sector collaboration to support sustainable digital livestock adoption.

This study aims to strengthen industrialization in the livestock sector to increase productivity and investment at the district and city levels. The use of modern technologies, such as digital livestock management systems, sensor-based animal health monitoring, and automated feeding systems, has increased in recent years in response to the need for efficiency and improved production outcomes. Data were collected from various livestock units, ranging from small-scale to large-scale farms, through surveys and observations over a two-year period. The analysis results show a significant positive relationship between the level of investment in livestock technology and productivity improvements, both in terms of livestock population growth and production outputs (meat, milk, eggs). Higher investment in technology tends to result in better operational efficiency, lower animal mortality rates, and improved product quality. These findings indicate that accelerating the adoption of technology in the livestock industry can be an effective strategy to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of the national livestock sector.

Industri peternakan memiliki kontribusi penting dalam mendukung perekonomian nasional serta penyediaan protein hewani. Kambing merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak potensial yang banyak dibudidayakan masyarakat pedesaan, termasuk di Desa Besowo, Kecamatan Kepung, Kabupaten Kediri. Namun, keterbatasan sarana, pengetahuan teknis, dan pola pemeliharaan tradisional masih menjadi kendala dalam meningkatkan kinerja peternak kambing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kinerja peternak kambing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi untuk mengukur hubungan antara variabel modal sosial (norma, jaringan, kepercayaan, dan hubungan timbal balik) dengan kinerja peternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial peternak kambing di Desa Besowo relatif baik, tercermin dari adanya praktik titip ternak, penggunaan fasilitas bersama, hingga kegiatan kelompok ternak. Kinerja peternak cenderung masih tradisional, dengan pola pemeliharaan dan pemberian pakan bergantung pada kondisi alam serta usaha ternak yang dijalankan sebagai profesi sampingan. Analisis regresi menghasilkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 53,7%, yang mengindikasikan bahwa modal sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja peternak kambing. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa penguatan modal sosial dapat membantu mengatasi keterbatasan teknis dan sarana prasarana, sekaligus meningkatkan keberlanjutan usaha peternakan kambing.

The farmer's chicken supply chain is a complex system that involves various stages starting from selecting chicken seeds, rearing, feeding, health management, to distribution of the final product to the market. Distribution Channels are closely related to the Supply Chain process, both of which are important in a business, both large and small businesses. The aim of this research is to determine the Broiler Chicken Supply Chain at Kemiri Village Broiler Farms, Jenangan District, Ponorogo Regency. The research method used is observation, interviews and documentation. This broiler farm is under contract with PT. Bintang Tama to supply feed, vitamin medicine, chicken seeds, and also chicken brokers/collectors. Chicken seeds come from PT.Bintang Tama Sentosa after which the chickens are bred for 28 days to 35 days according to the contract with the broker/collector, in 1 harvest/livestock from 3000 seedlings to harvest, the estimated death is 200 deaths, this process cannot be separated from the control carried out by the livestock manager. Chicken farming here is managed well, starting with providing different feeds. Meat chicken seeds are fed with the types of feed, namely pre starter, starter, and finisher, this feed is given at 3 different/not the same age periods for the chickens in 1 harvest. Pak Endra's Farm – Agent – Broiler Chicken Entrepreneur – Market/Restaurant – Final Consumer.