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Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by positive psychotic symptoms (such as hallucinations) and negative symptoms accompanied by cognitive decline. Auditory hallucinations represent the most common positive symptom, occurring in more than 75% of patients with schizophrenia. Objective: This study aimed to describe the comprehensive nursing care for Mr. F with a primary problem of perceptual sensory disorder: auditory hallucinations due to undifferentiated schizophrenia at Gatot Kaca Ward, RSJD dr. Amino Gondohutomo, Central Java Province. Method: This study used a descriptive method with a nursing process approach, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention planning, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection was carried out through interview, observation, and literature study. Results: Nursing problems identified were: perceptual sensory disorder (auditory hallucinations) as the core problem, social isolation (withdrawal) as the causa, risk of violent behavior as the effect, and self-care deficit as an accompanying problem. Nursing interventions were conducted using the implementation strategy (SP) 1, 2, and 3 for hallucinations and SP 1 for self-care deficit. Conclusion: After 4 days of nursing implementation, 2 out of 4 nursing diagnoses were resolved: perceptual sensory disorder (auditory hallucinations) and self-care deficit, while social isolation (withdrawal) and risk of violent behavior remained unresolved. Patients with hallucinations are expected to be able to control hallucinations using the methods that have been taught.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam menerjemahkan konsep-konsep teologis yang abstrak agar sesuai dengan perkembangan kognitif peserta didik usia sekolah dasar. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari pentingnya penanaman iman sejak dini dalam keluarga sebagai ecclesia domestica, yang kemudian dilanjutkan secara sistematis dalam pendidikan formal. Namun, pada jenjang sekolah dasar, pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen menghadapi tantangan karena materi teologis yang bersifat abstrak tidak selalu selaras dengan kemampuan berpikir anak. Berdasarkan teori perkembangan kognitif Jean Piaget, anak usia 7–12 tahun berada pada tahap operasional konkret, sehingga membutuhkan pendekatan pembelajaran yang kontekstual dan berbasis pengalaman nyata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan hermeneutika-pedagogis untuk menganalisis strategi pengajaran Yesus dalam Injil Markus 4:1–33. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Yesus menerapkan strategi pembelajaran yang efektif melalui pengelolaan ruang belajar (spasial), penggunaan perumpamaan sebagai media naratif, serta pendekatan dialogis-partisipatif. Strategi ini memungkinkan terjadinya jembatan antara konsep abstrak Kerajaan Allah dengan realitas konkret kehidupan pendengar. Dengan demikian, integrasi antara pemahaman teks Alkitab dan pendekatan pedagogis yang sesuai dengan perkembangan kognitif menjadi kunci dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang efektif. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen perlu mengembangkan strategi kreatif dan kontekstual agar nilai-nilai iman tidak hanya dipahami secara kognitif, tetapi juga dihayati dan diimplementasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari peserta didik.

Lagu Jawa modern merupakan perkembangan kontemporer dari musik tradisional Jawa yang semakin banyak dinikmati generasi muda melalui platform digital. Namun, meningkatnya jumlah lagu baru membuat pengguna sulit menemukan lagu yang sesuai dengan preferensi musikal jika pencarian hanya dilakukan berdasarkan judul atau nama artis. Penelitian ini mengembangkan pendekatan rekomendasi berbasis konten melalui klasterisasi fitur audio terhadap 100 lagu Jawa modern yang dikumpulkan dari YouTube. Fitur audio diekstraksi menggunakan Librosa pada Python, meliputi tempo BPM, danceability, RMS energy, zero-crossing rate, MFCC means, spectral contrast means, dan chroma features means, sehingga setiap lagu menghasilkan 36 fitur numerik. Algoritma K-Means digunakan untuk membentuk tiga klaster, PCA digunakan untuk memvisualisasikan distribusi klaster, dan Silhouette Score digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas pengelompokan. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi tiga gaya musikal yang dapat diinterpretasikan, yaitu Jawa modern enerjik, lagu tradisional atau akustik, serta Jawa eksperimental atau ambient, dengan Silhouette Score sebesar 0,114. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa fitur audio mampu merepresentasikan karakter lagu secara objektif dan mendukung sistem rekomendasi adaptif untuk pelestarian musik daerah. Pendekatan ini juga membantu memperluas akses pendengar terhadap kekayaan musik lokal di era digital secara berkelanjutan.

Lagu Jawa modern merupakan perkembangan kontemporer dari musik tradisional Jawa yang semakin banyak dinikmati generasi muda melalui platform digital. Namun, meningkatnya jumlah lagu baru membuat pengguna sulit menemukan lagu yang sesuai dengan preferensi musikal jika pencarian hanya dilakukan berdasarkan judul atau nama artis. Penelitian ini mengembangkan pendekatan rekomendasi berbasis konten melalui klasterisasi fitur audio terhadap 100 lagu Jawa modern yang dikumpulkan dari YouTube. Fitur audio diekstraksi menggunakan Librosa pada Python, meliputi tempo BPM, danceability, RMS energy, zero-crossing rate, MFCC means, spectral contrast means, dan chroma features means, sehingga setiap lagu menghasilkan 36 fitur numerik. Algoritma K-Means digunakan untuk membentuk tiga klaster, PCA digunakan untuk memvisualisasikan distribusi klaster, dan Silhouette Score digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas pengelompokan. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi tiga gaya musikal yang dapat diinterpretasikan, yaitu Jawa modern enerjik, lagu tradisional atau akustik, serta Jawa eksperimental atau ambient, dengan Silhouette Score sebesar 0,114. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa fitur audio mampu merepresentasikan karakter lagu secara objektif dan mendukung sistem rekomendasi adaptif untuk pelestarian musik daerah. Pendekatan ini juga membantu memperluas akses pendengar terhadap kekayaan musik lokal di era digital secara berkelanjutan.

The Application Of Hallucination Management Using The Shutting-Out Technique For The Control Of Auditory Hallucinations In Schizophrenia Patients In The Angruk Ward Of Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo General Hospital, Purwokerto. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder often accompanied by auditory hallucinations. Auditory hallucinations may cause patients to talk to themselves, appear restless, and experience difficulty in controlling responses to internal stimuli. One non-pharmacological nursing intervention that can be applied is the rebuking technique, a strategy used to firmly reject or dismiss hallucinatory voices. This study aimed to examine the application of the rebuking technique in controlling auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. This research employed a descriptive case study design using a nursing process approach and was conducted from February 17 to 19, 2026, on a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia experiencing auditory hallucinations. The intervention was implemented over three days, with one session per day lasting approximately 15–20 minutes. The results showed an improvement in the patient’s ability to recognize and control hallucinations, as indicated by a reduction in self-talking behavior, increased awareness of hallucination onset, and the ability to independently apply the rebuking technique. In conclusion, the rebuking technique is an effective nursing intervention to assist patients with schizophrenia in controlling auditory hallucinations.

Hallucinations are one of the symptoms of mental disorders in individuals which are characterized by sensory perception changes, namely feeling false sensations in the form of sounds, sight, tasting, touching or smelling. The application of drawing therapy in patients with auditory hallucination disorder may reduce hallucinogenic stimuli. The goal is to apply and analyze Nursing Care in Patients with Mental Disorders with the implementation of the application of drawing therapy to control auditory hallucinations. The method used in this is descriptive analysis with a case study approach. This study describes the application of drawing therapy to reduce the signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations. It was also carried out by providing an intervention to apply drawing therapy for 15 minutes every day to three respondents for 7 consecutive days. The application of drawing therapy to the three respondents obtained results in the reduction of hallucinations from a moderate hallucinatory level score (22) to a mild level with a score (9). Brother B experienced a decrease in hallucinations from a moderate hallucination level score (20) to no hallucinations on days 6 and 7 with a score of (0). Brother JS decreased from a moderate hallucination level of score (20) to no hallucination on day 7 with a score of (0). It is hoped that the results of this study can provide an understanding of the application of drawing therapy to control auditory hallucinations.

Hallucinations are false sensory perceptions unrelated to real external stimuli. Patients will have difficulty distinguishing whether the stimuli they experience originate internally (thoughts or feelings) or externally. This condition may affect any of the five senses. The most common type of hallucination is auditory hallucinations. One way to reduce the signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations is through Art Therapy: freehand painting. To determine nursing care with the application of free painting therapy in patients with auditory hallucinations at the Mitra Mulia Husada Foundation, Palembang. The design used was a case study describing the cases of four patients with auditory hallucinations. Subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention provided was free-drawing therapy for four days, each lasting 30 minutes.After the intervention of applying free painting therapy for 4 days with a time of 30 minutes per visit, it was found that there was a decrease in signs and symptoms of hallucinations as shown through the results of the observation sheet in each patient. Mr. A. originally 9 became 3 signs of symptoms, Mr. S originally 7 became 3 signs of symptoms, Mr. AJ originally 9 became 3 signs of symptoms and Mr. M originally 10 became 5 signs of symptoms of auditory hallucinations. There was a decrease in auditory hallucination scores in each patient after being given Art Therapy: free painting. For future researchers, it is hoped that they can conduct research on the application of free painting therapy so that it can be carried out more frequently so that the therapy carried out is more effective in reducing the signs and symptoms of hallucinations and also add respondents so that the application of the therapy given is more effective in reducing the signs and symptoms experienced by patients.

One of the most common occupational health risk factors found in industrial areas is noise, and long-term exposure ≥85 dB(A) for more than 8 hours has the potential to cause progressive and permanent Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). The risk of NIHL increases if workers do not use Ear Protection Equipment (APT) optimally and have certain individual factors such as age, working period, and length of exposure. This study aims to determine the relationship between the use of APT and worker factors with hearing loss due to noise in PT HMK II Palembang City in 2025. This study uses an analytical quantitative design with a cross sectional approach. A sample of 55 respondents was selected through purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by chi-square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the use of APT (p=0.000) and there was no significant relationship between, the age of workers (p=0.838), working time (p=0.290), and length of work (p=0.172) and noise-induced hearing loss. The use of APT has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of noise-induced hearing loss, although age, length of employment, and length of work did not show a significant relationship.

This study uses a qualitative method of a descriptive approach with an interpretive paradigm to gain an in-depth understanding of the process of planning, implementing, and evaluating broadcast programs. This research was carried out at the Communication and Information Office of Bogor Regency, Jalan Tegar Beriman Number 1, Pakansari, Cibinong District, Bogor Regency, West Java 16914. The data collection techniques used are direct observation of the broadcast process, in-depth interviews with broadcasters and program managers, and documentation to support the validity of research data. The results of this study show that broadcasting strategies are implemented through content planning that suits the needs of listeners, the implementation of interactive broadcasts involving listeners and routine evaluation to maintain the quality of the information that has been delivered. In addition, the use of digital media as a streaming platform and interaction through social media also supports a wider reach to listeners. The conclusion of the broadcasting strategy implemented by Radio Teman 95.3 FM is considered effective in maintaining listener loyalty and attracting new audiences, so that it can be an example for other local radio stations in facing the current digital media competition.technological optimization, audience engagement, and adaptation to the development of new media.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder often accompanied by various psychopathological manifestations, one of which is auditory hallucinations that limit social functioning and reduce the quality of life of affected individuals. Dhikr therapy, as a psychoreligious approach, is believed to provide inner peace and reduce the intensity of hallucinatory symptoms. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of dhikr therapy among schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations who were treated at Aceh Mental Hospital. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest model and purposive sampling technique, involving 15 patients experiencing auditory hallucinations. The intervention was conducted for three consecutive days, with each session lasting 10–20 minutes and consisting of a sequence of dhikr recitations including istighfar, tasbih, tahmid, and takbir. The severity of hallucinations was measured using the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS). Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed a significant decrease in auditory hallucination scores with a p-value of 0.001. These findings indicate that dhikr therapy is effective in helping patients manage hallucinatory symptoms and may serve as a non-pharmacological therapeutic alternative in psychiatric nursing care for schizophrenia patients

Auditory hallucinations are a common sensory perception disorder in patients with mental disorders. Dhikr therapy as a non-pharmacological intervention is proven to have a calming effect and help patients focus more on reality. A case study was conducted on one patient at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital in North Sumatra for seven days using the nursing process approach. Evaluation results with the AHRS scale showed a decrease in scores from 25 to 13. Patients experienced a decrease in the intensity of hallucinations and increased self-control. The conclusion of this case study is that dhikr therapy is effectively applied in mental nursing care as a nonpharmacological intervention to help patients control auditory hallucinations.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by disturbances in thought, perception, emotions, and behavior, with auditory hallucinations being the most common symptom. This study aims to describe the nursing care process for patients with paranoid schizophrenia experiencing sensory perception disturbances, specifically auditory hallucinations. The research applied a descriptive case study design conducted in Dewaruci Ward, RSJD dr. Amino Gondohutomo, Central Java Province, from October to December 2024. Data were collected through interviews, direct observation, and medical record review, then analyzed using thematic analysis based on Miles and Huberman’s framework. The findings revealed that the patient was able to gradually reduce the intensity of auditory hallucinations and showed improvement in social interactions after nursing interventions, including identification of hallucinations, distraction techniques, therapeutic communication, and collaboration in pharmacological treatment. Family involvement also played an essential role in supporting the patient’s recovery process. This study implies that comprehensive nursing care based on bio-psycho-socio-spiritual approaches and family participation is effective in managing hallucinations and enhancing patient outcomes.

Mental health is an important aspect that supports quality of life, including a state of well-being related to happiness, satisfaction, achievement, optimism, and dynamic hope according to life situations (Fitri, 2025; Herlina et al., 2024). Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by an inability to communicate, impaired perception of reality (illusions and hallucinations), and loss of self-confidence, included in the category of psychosis (Mardiana et al., 2024). The purpose of writing this scientific paper is to find out and implement psychiatric nursing care for Mr. R, with the main problem of sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations due to schizophrenia that are not detailed in the Hudowol Room of Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Mental Hospital, Central Java Province. The method used is a descriptive approach with a case study. The case review results showed that the client heard male and female voices saying negative things and often talked to himself. The problem tree identified sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations as the core problem, accompanied by self-care deficits, social isolation, and the risk of violent behavior. Interventions are designed based on implementation strategy guidelines for clients and families, implemented, and evaluated as documented evidence

Auditory hallucinations are one of the main symptoms experienced by patients with schizophrenia. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as spiritual therapy, serve as important alternatives to support treatment. One increasingly used method is the recitation of Qur’anic verses (murottal therapy), which provides psychological and spiritual calming effects.  To determine the impact of murottal audio therapy of Surah Ar-Rahman on the intensity of auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia at Gramesia Nursing Home, Cirebon.  This scientific paper is presented in the form of a nursing care report focusing on the application of murottal audio therapy using Surah Ar-Rahman as an intervention.  Before the therapy, the patient experienced moderate auditory hallucinations, accompanied by intense emotional reactions and difficulty controlling behavior. After undergoing murottal audio therapy, there was a decrease in hallucination intensity and improvement in the patient’s emotional condition. Murottal audio therapy of Surah Ar-Rahman is effective as a non-pharmacological approach to reduce auditory hallucinations and support psychological recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Following the intervention, patients reported a significant decrease in the intensity of their hallucinations. Emotional reactions were notably less intense, and patients displayed improved emotional regulation and greater behavioral control. The results suggest that murottal audio therapy using Surah Ar-Rahman is an effective non-pharmacological intervention that not only reduces the intensity of auditory hallucinations but also plays a supportive role in the psychological recovery of patients with schizophrenia. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating spiritual therapies into comprehensive treatment plans, as they offer a holistic approach to managing schizophrenia. This intervention can complement traditional pharmacological treatments, providing patients with a sense of spiritual calm and emotional stability, which can enhance their overall mental health and well-being.

This study examines the role of sound design in creating a mystical atmosphere in the song “Alternate Universe” by the independent Yogyakarta band, The Melting Minds. The song adopts an exploratory approach to sonic atmosphere creation through elements such as sub-bass drones, long reverbs, pitch-shifted vocals, and extreme spatial panning. The aim of this research is to identify the sound design techniques used and analyze how listeners interpret their listening experience and how these elements contribute to the emotional experience and mystical perception built by the song. The approach used in this research is a qualitative descriptive-interpretative method, with data collected through audio analysis, documentary observation, semi-structured interviews, and open-ended questionnaires given to 15 experimental music listeners. The theoretical framework includes Schafer’s soundscape theory, Schaeffer’s sound objects, Juslin & Västfjäll's BRECVEMA model of music emotions, and Stuart Hall’s reception theory to understand how listeners interpret their experience. The results show that sound design in this song is used strategically to create a transcendental listening experience, evoking a liminal and affective atmosphere. Techniques such as the use of deep sub-bass drones, extended reverbs, pitch-shifted vocals, and extreme spatial panning were found to be highly effective in shaping a mysterious and profound atmosphere. Listeners reported visualizations of a supernatural space, a floating sensation, and even intense spiritual experiences during the listening. 

Lirik lagu merupakan pesan atau pemikiran yang memiliki nada. Beberapa lirik lagu harus dianalisis terlebih dahulu agar para pendengar mengerti pesan atau makna yang ingin disampaikan oleh musisi atau penulis lagu. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Metode deskriptif kualitatif biasanya digunakan untuk menganalisis makna yang terdapat pada lirik lagu. Data diperoleh dari analisis lirik lagu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat banyak makna konotatif pada lirik lagu “Adaptasi” karya Tulus. Setelah penelitian ini selesai, peneliti mengharapkan para pembaca dan pendengar lebih memahami makna lagu tersebut.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the visual-auditory approach in developing the language skills of early childhood children with hearing impairments at PAUD Panyabungan. Hearing impairment often hinders both receptive and expressive language acquisition. The visual-auditory approach was chosen because it combines visual stimulation (images, lip movements, gestures) and auditory stimulation (sounds, music, pronunciation), providing a complementary strategy to support children's language abilities. The research used classroom action research with two cycles, involving 5 children with hearing impairments as the subjects. The results showed a significant improvement in children’s language abilities, including understanding simple instructions, recognizing vocabulary, and expressing ideas through simple sentences. Children responded positively to visual media and pronunciation exercises combined with movement. This study concludes that the visual-auditory approach is effective in fostering language development in children with hearing impairments at the early childhood education level.

Radio remains popular due to its intimate and personal nature, despite facing challenges from the advancement of digital technology. Radio Kisi FM Bogor has responded to this by implementing a digital convergence strategy, particularly in the Kisi Music By Request program. This study aims to analyze the digital convergence strategy implemented in efforts to increase listenership, as well as the challenges and solutions encountered. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the theory of media convergence by Pavlik. The study was conducted at Radio Kisi 93.4 FM Bogor from June to December 2024. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles & Huberman model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The digital convergence strategy implemented by Radio Kisi FM Bogor has proven effective in enhancing the competitiveness of the Kisi Music By Request program through the utilization of technology, increased audience interaction, and adaptation to the dynamics of the modern broadcasting industry. This study shows that the integrated implementation of a digital convergence strategy can enhance the competitiveness of local radio in the digital era through technological optimization, audience engagement, and adaptation to the development of new media.

Bahasa memiliki bentuk yang unik, yaitu tidak hanya dapat digunakan dalam bentuk lisan maupun tulisan saja, tetapi juga dapat digunakan dalam bidang lain seperti lagu, film, puisi, novel dan masih banyak lagi. Lagu merupakan salah satu media komunikasi yang paling populer di masyarakat untuk mengungkapkan pikiran dan perasaan penciptanya. Lagu memadukan alunan musik dan lirik untuk menyampaikan perasaan, ide, perasaan, dan pikiran. Di era sekarang ini, banyak orang yang gemar mendengarkan lagu. Dalam sebuah lagu, salah satu unsur yang dapat menjadi media utama untuk menyampaikan ide, perasaan, atau pikiran adalah lirik dalam lagu tersebut. Lirik dalam sebuah lagu dapat menimbulkan perasaan sedih, senang, depresi, dan lain sebagainya. Dalam lirik tersebut, terdapat banyak pesan yang dapat disampaikan penciptanya kepada pendengar melalui lirik lagu tersebut. Akan tetapi, sebagian pendengar terkadang tidak hanya berusaha memahami lirik lagu tersebut, tetapi mereka berusaha mencari makna yang disampaikan oleh pencipta lagu tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisis deiksis dalam lirik lagu “Set Fire to the Rain” karya Adele. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis deiksis yang digunakan dan menemukan jenis-jenis deiksis yang dominan terdapat dalam lirik lagu tersebut.

Mental health is the realization of harmonious mental functions, which allows one to face challenges, feel happy, and feel capable. A healthy soul includes self-actualization, a positive attitude towards oneself, progress, and a realistic perception of adaptation (Oktaviani & Apriliyani, 2022). Hallucinations refer to phenomena when individuals experience sensory changes in response to stimuli that are objectively absent (Refnandes et al., 2023). The purpose of this paper is to determine and provide mental nursing care to Mrs. S with the main problem of sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations due to paranoid schizophrenia in the Dewaruci ward of dr. Amino Gondohutomo Mental Hospital, Central Java Province in accordance with nursing standards. The method used is a descriptive method in the form of interviews, observations, documentation studies, literature studies and literature. From the case review, it was found that the patient’s main complaint said “I heard a whisper telling me to leave the house, sis”. There are 4 nursing problems, namely the risk of violent behavior, sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations, social isolation and self-care deficits. Interventions are designed based on TUM and TUK and on the client’s condition and can be implemented.