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Introduction: Incidental findings often occur on periapical radiographs may occur due to the increasing use of periapical radiographs for supporting examinations and the increasing resolution of radiographs. Purpose: To explain about efficiency of periapical radiographs for detecting supernumerary paramolar teeth. Research Methods and Results: This Literature Review is designed to provide an overview of sources that have been searched when researching the topic related to the efficiency of periapical radiographs for detecting supernumerary paramolar teeth. Article searches were conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct using predetermined keywords, namely periapical radiograph, parapremolar, and supernumerary teeth. This literature review uses literature published in 2015–2025 which can be accessed in full text in pdf format. Discussion: Clinical assessment and radiological examination are needed for the diagnosis of supernumerary paramolar teeth. The location of supernumerary teeth from radiographs is an important diagnostic complement for clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning. Conclusion: Dentists often prefer periapical radiography over panoramic radiography to evaluate oral health, especially in children, due to the low dental X-ray exposure. In many cases, patients only require periapical radiography focused on the teeth. This highlights the strong need for intelligent diagnostic techniques to improve the accuracy and efficiency of periapical radiographic analysis.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui Prosedur pemeriksaan panoramic Mandibula Pasca Pemasangan Pen di Instalasi Radiologi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Meuraxa Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai posisi, kestabilan, dan kondisi implan serta jaringan tulang di sekitarnya. Hasil pemeriksaan ini membantu dokter dalam memastikan bahwa pemasangan pen berjalan sesuai rencana tanpa adanya komplikasi seperti pergeseran implan, infeksi, atau gangguan penyembuhan tulang. Pemeriksaan ini juga penting untuk pemantauan pasca-operasi guna menentukan tindakan medis lanjutan yang diperlukan.  

Panoramic radiography is an imaging technique that plays a crucial role in dental practice, particularly in supporting the diagnosis and treatment planning process. Image quality that does not meet diagnostic standards can lead to the need for repeat imaging. The high rate of repeat panoramic imaging at the Radiology Unit of Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Air Force Base Hospital (RSPAU) is an indicator of the need for further study of the causal factors. The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of repeat panoramic radiography examinations, calculate the percentage contribution of each factor, assess radiographers' understanding of optimal image quality criteria, and explore appropriate strategies to reduce the frequency of repeat examinations. This study used a mixed methods approach with quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation during August–October 2024 at the Radiology Unit of Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Air Force Base Hospital. The sample included 15 radiographers for the questionnaire and 3 radiographers for the interviews. An analysis of 916 panoramic radiography examinations revealed 57 repeat cases, with a rate of 6.2%. The primary factors causing repeats were machine error (57.8%), followed by positioning errors (24.5%), artifacts (10.5%), human error (5.3%), and patient movement (1.8%). Radiographers' understanding of the criteria for good panoramic images was high, with 66.7% answering all questions correctly. The primary effort implemented to reduce repeat rates is the implementation of routine quality control of equipment. The high repeat rate, exceeding national tolerance limits, indicates the need for technical and procedural improvements. Routine quality control and material refresher courses are needed to reduce repeat rates and improve patient safety.