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Political disinformation has become one of the most critical challenges in contemporary digital democracies due to the rapid expansion of social media ecosystems. This study investigates the effectiveness of machine learning approaches in detecting political disinformation across online platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and political discussion forums. Using a qualitative research design with a content analysis approach, the study examines linguistic manipulation, emotional narratives, sentiment polarity, and behavioral communication patterns embedded in misleading political content. The findings indicate that deep learning models, particularly Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architectures, demonstrate superior performance in identifying contextual and semantic inconsistencies compared to traditional machine learning algorithms. The study also reveals that algorithmic amplification, echo chambers, and coordinated bot activities significantly contribute to the rapid spread of political misinformation. Furthermore, the research highlights the importance of ethical artificial intelligence governance, transparency, and digital literacy in strengthening democratic resilience and protecting information integrity within digital communication environments

The progressive consolidation of navigational instruments into Integrated Bridge Systems (IBS) has fundamentally transformed the sensory and cognitive architecture of modern maritime watch-keeping, creating a paradox of technological sophistication: while IBS enhances navigational efficiency under nominal operating conditions, it simultaneously generates profound human factors vulnerabilities when sensor inputs degrade, fail, or are intentionally disrupted. Despite the safety-critical nature of this vulnerability, empirical human factors research specifically addressing deck officer situational awareness under degraded IBS sensor conditions — particularly in the context of GPS spoofing, radar shadowing, and AIS anomalies — remains insufficiently developed in the maritime research literature. This study investigates the human factors dimensions of IBS situational awareness degradation among deck officers at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran (STIP) Jakarta, Indonesia, examining how officers perceive, respond to, and recover from degraded sensor scenarios in simulator-based environments. Employing a qualitative research design, data were generated through semi-structured interviews with senior deck officers, navigation simulation instructors, and maritime human factors experts, supplemented by structured observation of IBS simulator degradation scenario sessions. Analysis proceeded through thematic analysis, cross-group comparison, and narrative synthesis. Findings reveal four critical human factors failure patterns under degraded IBS conditions: automation complacency, cross-verification skill atrophy, alert saturation mismanagement, and manual navigation competency erosion — all of which are systematically underprepared for within current STCW-aligned deck officer training curricula. The study proposes a competency-based degraded operations training framework as a principled response to these findings, with direct implications for maritime simulator curriculum design and STCW competency standard revision.

This study examines the role of BRICS—an intergovernmental organization consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—in fostering global cooperation and contributing to world economic stability. BRICS was founded as a strategic response to the dominance of Western financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, which have long been criticized for their unequal representation and decision-making processes favoring developed economies. In this context, BRICS provides an alternative financial architecture through the creation of the New Development Bank (NDB) and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA), both of which serve as instruments to support development financing and ensure financial security for its members. Grounded in the frameworks of constructivism and soft power diplomacy, BRICS emphasizes the principles of equality, mutual respect, sustainable development, and South-South cooperation. These values are reflected in its policies and initiatives that prioritize inclusivity, fair participation, and collective growth, especially for developing nations often marginalized in the global economic order. By representing more than 40% of the world’s population and contributing approximately 23% of global GDP, BRICS demonstrates its capacity to shape the international system and establish a more balanced distribution of power and resources. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on secondary data, which is analyzed narratively to highlight the evolving dynamics of BRICS within the global economy. The findings indicate that BRICS has significant potential to challenge Western economic hegemony, enhance economic solidarity among emerging markets, and provide developing countries with greater opportunities for growth and cooperation. Ultimately, BRICS emerges not only as a counterweight to established global institutions but also as a transformative actor capable of reshaping the trajectory of international economic governance in the future.

Kotagede, one of the historic districts in Yogyakarta, boasts a rich cultural and architectural heritage that makes it a prominent destination for walking tours. Walking along its historic alleys, traditional buildings, bustling markets, and local life offers visitors an authentic cultural tourism experience. However, the current design of walking tours in Kotagede still tends to emphasize historical narratives and architectural visualization, leaving the multisensory potential of the area underutilized. This study aims to analyze how tourists perceive sensory experiences (visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile) during walking tours in Kotagede and to identify the most dominant elements that shape such experiences. The research employed a descriptive, qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The participants consisted of 32 tourists who had just completed a walking tour, selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that visual experience is the most dominant sensory element, particularly through traditional architecture and historic buildings. Auditory elements, such as birdsong and market activities, enrich the atmosphere, while tactile experiences with building materials provide authenticity and strengthen tourists' emotional connection with local history.Meanwhile, olfactory elements, such as the aroma of spices, incense, and aged wood, contribute to the overall ambiance, though occasionally disrupted by unpleasant odors from waste. Gustatory experiences are often encountered during tours of local culinary products, demonstrating strong potential as markers of cultural identity, although they are not yet fully integrated into the tour itinerary. These findings highlight a gap between Kotagede's multisensory potential and the existing design of the walking tour. Therefore, the development of more holistic sensory-based walking tours is necessary to enhance visitor satisfaction while reinforcing Kotagede’s cultural identity as a meaningful heritage destination.

The role of museums is very important, one of which is as a source of historical and cultural education by displaying high-value collection objects. Every collection object must have its own story and history, and also each collection object must have a different time of occurrence or period. Therefore, this research aims to determine circulation patterns that support the presentation of material in museums, especially circulation patterns at the Bank Indonesia Museum, Jakarta. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach whose preparation was carried out narratively. Data collection in this research was carried out by direct observation in the field and using secondary data such as via the internet and existing journals. The theoretical basis used by the author in this research is a book by Tissink entitled narrative architecture. The results of the research can be concluded that the circular circulation pattern is considered good for use in a museum because it has a connection between one room and another, so it can strengthen the storyline in it.

This study explores the role of Vihara Buddhagaya Watugong as a center for the revival of Buddhism in post-independence Indonesia. The main objective is to understand how this vihara contributed to the revitalization of Buddhism through historical, cultural, and spiritual lenses. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, involving archival research, in-depth interviews, architectural observation, and oral history. Findings reveal that Vihara Buddhagaya Watugong serves multiple functions as a place of worship, cultural hub, and interfaith dialogue platform. Its architectural features, such as the Avalokitesvara Pagoda and other sacred elements, illustrate a fusion of Buddhist values and local wisdom. The vihara actively engages in education, tradition preservation, and the strengthening of Buddhist religious identity within a multicultural society. These results suggest that the revival of Buddhism in Indonesia is not solely a spiritual phenomenon but also contributes to the national narrative of cultural identity and social harmony. Thus, Vihara Buddhagaya Watugong stands as a significant symbol of religious revitalization, cultural heritage, and social cohesion in modern Indonesia.

This study examines how colonial power is articulated through the form, spatial layout, and symbolism of Bogor Palace, and how post-independence transformations in function and discourse shape its new identity. As a colonial architectural legacy, Bogor Palace holds historical significance and reflects power dynamics, cultural representation, and spatial acculturation in both colonial and postcolonial contexts. The research highlights the importance of reassessing colonial architecture as a medium for representing power and ideology, especially in buildings that remain national symbols. Using a qualitative approach with literature review and visual analysis, the study applies Michel Foucault’s theory of power and discourse to reveal embedded power structures, and Erwin Panofsky’s iconography and iconology to decode visual symbols and meanings. Findings show that the neoclassical European style of the palace reflects colonial dominance, yet its adaptation through local materials, construction techniques, and climate-responsive elements indicates a complex process of acculturation. Initially marginal, local culture becomes integrated into the building’s design. After independence, the palace was resemanticized from a colonial icon to a national emblem, illustrating a shift in identity and power narratives. Today, restoration efforts not only preserve its historical value but also reaffirm role as a dynamic cultural space shaping Indonesia’s collective memory.

This study aims to explore the root growth patterns of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivated in a polybag system, and examine the implications for nutrient absorption efficiency and plant survival. The method used was a systematic literature review, with narrative analysis of recent studies in the last five years. Data were analyzed to identify the relationship between root architecture, growing medium, and nutrient absorption efficiency.  The results showed that the polybag system, with its limited root growing space, promoted adaptation of root growth patterns, including an increase in lateral root density and a reduction in primary root length. Coconut fiber- and vermiculite-based growing media were shown to increase nutrient absorption capacity by up to 30%, while inoculation of rhizosphere microorganisms, such as mycorrhiza, increased phosphorus use efficiency by up to 25%. In addition, optimal root zone temperature plays an important role in supporting root metabolic activities.  The conclusion of this study confirms that optimizing root growth patterns through growing media, temperature management, and utilization of microorganisms can significantly increase the productivity of cucumber plants. These findings provide a basis for developing more efficient and sustainable cultivation strategies in modern horticultural systems. 

This research examines Bogor Palace as an architectural text that represents a fusion of European and tropical styles through a semiotic approach. Bogor Palace is not only a symbol of Dutch colonial power but also reflects the adaptation of Indonesian culture and tropical environment. This research aims to reveal the meanings and symbols contained in the architectural elements of Bogor Palace, such as symmetrical facades, tall pillars, large windows, cross ventilation, and steep roofs. Using semiotic methods, this research analyzes how these elements function as signs that represent aesthetic, historical and ecological values. The results show that the European architectural style of Bogor Palace, reflected through classical structures such as pillars and decorative ornaments, symbolizes the status of power and the influence of colonial culture. On the other hand, tropical elements such as cross ventilation, spacious terraces, and steep roofs represent adaptation to local environmental conditions, while symbolizing harmony between humans and nature. The symbolism in this design not only serves to fulfill functional needs, but also creates a visual narrative that reflects the dialog between foreign and local cultures. The study concludes that Bogor Palace is an artifact rich in semiotic meaning, where each architectural element contains messages about history, culture and ecological adaptation. This research contributes to the study of colonial architecture, particularly in understanding how historic buildings can be interpreted as sign systems that represent cultural and environmental complexities.

This critical paper seeks to provide a reading of the novel “Al Tanki” through the concepts of multiple voices and the ideological presence of the characters within the novel, and then the ideology adopted by the narrative work. This study also works to clarify the concept of narrative fragmentation, breaking the development of traditional narrative, building a new architecture for the worlds of narrative narrative, exploring the fabric of Alia Mamdouh’s novel “Al_ Tanki”, and attempting to reveal the artistic impact of these two concepts on the form and content of the novel.

This research analyzes the use of Buckingham Palace as a filming location for The Young Victoria using Greimas' semiotic narrative approach and Freud's psychoanalysis. The film represents Queen Victoria's life journey from childhood to her coronation as Queen of England, with a strong narrative point of view. Through semiotic methods, this study explores the relationships between characters in the film and how the role of palace architecture supports the visual narrative and symbolism of monarchical power. In addition, this study explores the historical and architectural value of Buckingham Palace, including design changes over time and their relevance in supporting the atmosphere of a movie set in history. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data sources coming from literature, documentation, and online media interviews. The results show that the presence of historical architecture not only enriches the aesthetics of the movie, but also strengthens the narrative meaning.