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Tindak pidana pembunuhan merupakan kejahatan serius yang secara langsung melanggar hak asasi manusia paling mendasar, yaitu hak untuk hidup. Dalam praktik sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia, penanganan perkara pembunuhan masih cenderung berorientasi pada pelaku, sementara korban dan keluarga korban sering kali belum memperoleh perlindungan hukum yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan dan pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum bagi korban serta keluarga korban tindak pidana pembunuhan dari perspektif kriminologi dan viktimologi, serta mengidentifikasi hambatan dan solusi dalam implementasinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus, khususnya dengan mengkaji peran Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) dalam praktik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara normatif, perlindungan hukum bagi korban dan keluarga korban telah diatur melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014, yang mencakup perlindungan fisik dan psikis, pendampingan hukum, rehabilitasi medis dan psikologis, serta pemberian kompensasi dan restitusi. Namun, pelaksanaannya belum berjalan optimal karena masih terdapat berbagai hambatan, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya dan anggaran LPSK, lemahnya koordinasi antar lembaga penegak hukum, rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat mengenai hak korban, serta paradigma sistem peradilan pidana yang masih berorientasi pada pelaku. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan peran LPSK, peningkatan koordinasi kelembagaan, serta pergeseran paradigma menuju sistem peradilan yang berorientasi pada pemulihan korban (victim-centered justice) guna mewujudkan perlindungan hukum yang efektif, adil, dan berlandaskan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan.

Indonesia is a country that prioritizes law. This has been explained explicitly in the 1945 Constitution. Criminal law in Indonesia is one of the main guidelines in realizing justice. An act is constituted as a crime and formulated in law if the act is assessed by the legislator as an act that endangers a legal interest. By establishing a prohibition against committing an act accompanied by criminal threats/sanctions for anyone who violates it, it means that the law has provided legal protection for these legal interests. In this problem, the researcher focuses on questions and legal objectives regarding legal protection for victims in cases of sibling murder, namely as follows: 1. What are the factors that cause serious abuse based on case number 720/Pid.B/2023/PN Lbp? 2. What is the criminal responsibility for perpetrators in cases of serious abuse based on case number 720/Pid.B/2023/PN Lbp. Research is the most important part of the entire series of activities for writing a scientific work, because to answer the main research problem, the object of the problem described in the problem formulation will be answered. The research location is a place or area where the research will be carried out. The location of this research is the Lubuk Pakam Class I-A District Court located at Jalan Jendral Sudirman No. 58 Lubuk Pakam, Postal Code: 20512, Tel/Fax: (061) 7955861, North Sumatra. Serious maltreatment is an act of violence that is carried out intentionally and results in serious physical injury or even death to another individual. Cases like this not only harm physically, but also emotionally and psychologically for the victims and society in general. An appropriate and effective legal process in handling cases of serious abuse is important to uphold justice, provide protection to victims, and prevent future violence.

Restoration for victims of criminal acts is an essential aspect of the judicial system that is often overlooked. Law enforcement efforts tend to focus on perpetrators, while victims' rights, including physical, psychological, and financial recovery, remain neglected. The case of Een's murder and arson serves as an example where restitution and compensation rights were not clearly accommodated in legal proceedings. This article aims to examine the legal procedures available to victims or their families in obtaining restoration rights. The discussion includes criminal law aspects such as restitution and compensation based on Law No. 13 of 2006 jo. Law No. 31 of 2014 on Witness and Victim Protection, as well as the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Additionally, this article highlights the civil law route through lawsuits based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code regarding unlawful acts (KUHAPER). With a normative juridical approach and internship experience at the Legal Consultation and Assistance Clinic of Trunojoyo Madura University, this article is expected to contribute to strengthening victims' rights within the Indonesian legal system through the available legal avenues, both criminal and civil.

Domestic homicide cases, especially those resulting from Domestic Violence (DV), are a phenomenon that has a wide impact, both on the surrounding environment and on the fulfillment of victims' rights. This study aims to analyze how the community responds to domestic violence murder cases and to identify victims' rights that are not fulfilled based on applicable legal regulations. Using empirical legal research methods, this study collected data through interviews with the Head of RT Jokolukito and reviewed relevant regulations. The results of the study indicate that the surrounding environment tends to be less concerned about domestic violence cases until they reach a fatal stage, which can be explained through Strain Theory and Cycle of Violence. In addition, it was found that victims did not receive optimal legal protection before the incident, and their rights after the incident were not fulfilled in accordance with the Domestic Violence Law and the Witness and Victim Protection Law. Therefore, this study recommends increasing public awareness, facilitating access to legal assistance for victims, and implementing a more effective restitution mechanism to ensure justice for victims and their families.

The in dubio pro reo principle is a fundamental principle in criminal law that states that if there is doubt in the proof of a case, then the decision must be taken in favor of the defendant. The application of this principle is particularly crucial in rape and murder cases, where the legal consequences faced by the accused are severe. However, the use of this principle often causes debate because it can have an impact on the sense of justice for victims and society. This research uses a normative qualitative method with a normative juridical approach to analyze laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and court decisions related to the application of the in dubio pro reo principle. Data was collected through literature study by analyzing relevant court decisions. The results showed that the application of this principle is based on the negatief wettelijk evidentiary system, which requires a minimum of two valid pieces of evidence and the judge's conviction to impose a sentence. However, in practice, the difficulty of proof in rape and murder cases can lead to the defendant being acquitted despite indications of guilt. Therefore, the balance between the protection of the defendant's rights and justice for the victim must be considered in the application of this principle.

The legal principle states "nullum crimen sine poena legal", which means there is no criminal act without a crime according to the law. In principle, this principle means that no crime can be punished if it is not prohibited by law, so that actions and crimes must first be regulated by law. Likewise with this crime of murder. Where the crime of murder is a crime that violates very serious norms. The crime of murder is not only committed by adults, but children can also be involved in this crime.The crime of murder is a crime that can occur because it is carried out intentionally or because of someone's negligence/negligence, resulting in victims or the loss of another person's life.Handling of children involved in crime, especially children who are perpetrators of murder, must be given serious attention. Not only for the government but also for law enforcement officers and other parties including the surrounding environment. This treatment is quite important because the perpetrators who are categorized are still children. Handling cases in children cannot be the same as handling cases in adults, so there are many things that must be paid attention to and taken into consideration. One of them is the juvenile justice system.

In the study under study is related to the study of fiction, namely a novel where the novel is a type of fiction genre that is written in writing where it has several elements of imagination and also in writing where it has some elements of imagination and is also related to wishful thinking while literary criticism is an analysis related to the analysis that deals with the examination of elements that have errors so that the critique generally focuses on the author's some of the author's confusion in writing so that the literature criticism is the result of evaluating a piece of literature. This review aims to describe and reveal violence against female characters in Ameylia Falensia's Nobel. This research utilizes the psychoanalysis method, namely to find out how the deviation in the character and what causes it. In this scope, the researcher took a study that focuses on one of the literary works entitled focused on one literary work entitled 00.00 a pair of wounds that ended in grief written by Ameylia Falensia that ends with grief written by Ameylia Falensia. The results of this study found that there were several cases of psychological and psychological violence. Where the victims generally get a sense of trauma and fear that can trigger a person to do activities that are not in accordance with a person's activity is not in accordance with his reasoning so that it always ends with murder.

In the study under study is related to the study of fiction, namely a novel where the novel is a type of fiction genre that is written in writing where it has several elements of imagination and also in writing where it has some elements of imagination and is also related to wishful thinking while literary criticism is an analysis related to the analysis that deals with the examination of elements that have errors so that the critique generally focuses on the author's some of the author's confusion in writing so that the literature criticism is the result of evaluating a piece of literature. This review aims to describe and reveal violence against female characters in Ameylia Falensia's Nobel. This research utilizes the psychoanalysis method, namely to find out how the deviation in the character and what causes it. In this scope, the researcher took a study that focuses on one of the literary works entitled focused on one literary work entitled 00.00 a pair of wounds that ended in grief written by Ameylia Falensia that ends with grief written by Ameylia Falensia. The results of this study found that there were several cases of psychological and psychological violence. Where the victims generally get a sense of trauma and fear that can trigger a person to do activities that are not in accordance with a person's activity is not in accordance with his reasoning so that it always ends with murder.

The Application of Justice Collaborator in the crime of premeditated murder is still considered unclear, this is based on the provisions in Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning the Protection of Witnesses and Victims, as well as SEMA Number 4 of 2011 which explains that a witness to a perpetrator who is a worker can appear in a confrontation at certain or special types of cases. These pros and cons reappear because a Justice Collaborator has the right to obtain leniency as a form of legal protection for perpetrator witnesses, even though the perpetrator is an important person in the case yet he is not an intellectual actor. Research shows several regulations governing Justice Collaborators, but they are not yet rigid and have finally expanded their meaning in their application. The provisions regarding the implementation of Justice Collaborator are considered to have an important existence in the criminal system.    

Criminal Profiling is an investigative technique to describe the profile of criminals in terms of demographics, psychology, modus operandi and incident settings. In this article, researchers are interested in carrying out Criminal Profiling on the murder and rape cases of Eno Farihah, to see an overview of the Criminal Profiling that occurred in that case, the factors of the murder and rape of the perpetrators, and the profiling of each perpetrator in the case concerned. The research method that researchers use is literature review and literature research. From the findings of the researchers it is known that the murder case of Eno Farihah by three perpetrators had different reasons. The RA perpetrator was the victim's boyfriend who was involved because the victim refused his invitation to have sex, while the RAr perpetrator was suspected because he was often ridiculed bitterly and blackly, then the last perpetrator IH was allegedly because of unrequited love. So that the perpetrators were charged under the applicable law with different legal sentences, the perpetrators RAr and IH were sentenced to death, while the perpetrators RA were sentenced to 10 years in prison because they were underage.