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This study aims to describe the intrinsic structure and analyze the psychological aspects of the main characters in the three short stories based on Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data sources are texts from three satua cutet in the Nimbang Rasa anthology: I Kucil by I Komang Tri Nanda Defhayana, Idup Lara by Ni Wayan Esa Juliantini, and Pajalan Keneh by Ni Putu Ayu Ari Astiti. Results show that the intrinsic structure of all three stories employs a linear plot, with themes of diligence, perseverance, and courage. Psychological analysis based on Freud's id, ego, and superego theory reveals that I Kucil is dominated by id impulses in the form of aggressive emotion due to injustice; Ani demonstrates a strong ego in withstanding social pressure and a firm superego in upholding moral values; while Gékyu shows a balance between ego and superego when facing abuse from a teacher. This research is expected to serve as a reference in Balinese literary studies, particularly in the field of literary psychology.

This study aims to describe the representation of love in the character of Indar in the novel Bukan Cinta Monyet by Purnama Teduh based on Erich Fromm’s perspective. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a literary psychology approach. The source of this study is the novel Bukan Cinta Monyet, with data consisting of narrative quotations and dialogues related to the representation of love in the character of Indar. Data collection was conducted through reading and note-taking. Data analysis in this study employed content analysis, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that Indar’s representation of love, viewed from the perspective of existential needs, encompasses only the needs for relatedness and attachment. Indar’s representation of love demonstrates an orientation toward brotherly love and erotic love. Meanwhile, elements of mature love such as responsibility, care, respect, and knowledge have not been fully realized. Thus, Indar’s representation of love does not yet demonstrate the maturity of love, but rather the consistency of feelings she maintains from adolescence into adulthood.

This study aims to describe the representation of love in the character of Indar in the novel Bukan Cinta Monyet by Purnama Teduh based on Erich Fromm’s perspective. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a literary psychology approach. The source of this study is the novel Bukan Cinta Monyet, with data consisting of narrative quotations and dialogues related to the representation of love in the character of Indar. Data collection was conducted through reading and note-taking. Data analysis in this study employed content analysis, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that Indar’s representation of love, viewed from the perspective of existential needs, encompasses only the needs for relatedness and attachment. Indar’s representation of love demonstrates an orientation toward brotherly love and erotic love. Meanwhile, elements of mature love such as responsibility, care, respect, and knowledge have not been fully realized. Thus, Indar’s representation of love does not yet demonstrate the maturity of love, but rather the consistency of feelings she maintains from adolescence into adulthood.

Psychological conflicts often arise intensely, as illustrated in Usmar Ismail’s play Ayahku Pulang. The character Gunarto experiences inner turmoil and trauma from family disputes, which trigger various defense mechanisms. This study aims to describe the forms of defense mechanisms exhibited by Gunarto and identify the factors behind their emergence.  Using a literacy  psychology approach, specifically Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, the research elaborates on the character’s psychological dynamics. The qualitative method employed the read-and-record technique, with data analyzed through the Miles and Huberman model involving reduction, classification, and inference. Findings reveal eight defense mechanisms used by Gunarto: denial, repression, avoidance, compartmentalization, rationalization, displacement, sublimation, and identification with the aggressor. Their emergence is influenced by psychological factors such as past trauma, economic hardship, and disharmonious family relationships. In conclusion, Gunarto’s defense mechanisms reflect symptoms of individuals facing trauma and family disharmony. This study demonstrates how a literary-psychological approach enriches understanding of literature as a reflection of the human psyche and reveals more about a character’s inner world.

This research analyzes the phenomenon of identity concealment bu the main character in the anime 91 Days, Angelo Lagusa, who disguises himself as Avilio Bruno to revenge his family’s murder. The focus of this research is to identify and classify the ego defense mechanisms by Sigmund Freud employed by Angelo thoughout this process of concealment. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative method and a literary psychology approach, this research aims to provide a detailed description of how ego defense mechanism is manifested in the character’s actions and behavior. Data was collected through direct observation of all episodes in the series. The analysis reveals that four primary ego defense mechanisms are predominant. These four primary ego defense mechanisms are repression, sublimation, displacement and rationalization. Repression emerges as the most prominent mechanism, characterized by Angelo’s constant effort to suppress emotional drives (id), particularly in pain, rage and trauma into the subconscious to prevent them from interfering with his primary mission. Meanwhile, sublimation is evident when he channels his emotional energy into strategic and structured planning for his revenge. Displacement is observed in moments where his anger is redirected toward less threatening targets. Furthermore, rationalization is used by Angelo to justify his harsh and cruel actions with the logic of vengeance and justice. This research concludes that Angelo as Avilio in disguise is not merely a narrative strategy but an external representation of a complex internal psychological dynamic, where the ego functions as a mediator between the demands of the emotional id and the constraints of reality. Through this analysis, this research is expected to contribute to development of literary psychology studies, particularly in understanding the psychological construction of fictional characters through a Freudian theoretical lens.

Literature is not only a source of entertainment, but also a tool for contemplating human life that is full of internal conflicts and psychological issues. Short stories as a type of literature often present the realities of life in a concise yet meaningful way, making them interesting to analyze with a variety of scientific methods. This research focuses on the short story "Happiness That Kills" by applying two main approaches, namely the analysis of intrinsic elements and literary psychology. This story depicts a happy state that appears from the outside, but actually hides the emotional burden experienced by the main character, Malla. The method applied in this study is qualitative descriptive with literature study techniques, which is oriented towards the introduction of themes, plots, characters, settings, and mandates, as well as exploring the psychological dynamics of characters using Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The results of the study show that the internal conflicts in this story arise from the battle between the id, ego, and superego, especially when Malla struggles to maintain harmony in her family at the expense of herself. Overall, this short story shows that forced happiness can lead to suffering. By combining structural and psychological analysis, this study reveals the deep meaning related to social pressures, inner struggles, and humanitarian messages that the author seeks to convey. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to the study of literature, especially in understanding the relationship between story structure and the psychological condition of characters in contemporary literary works.

This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the psychological journey of the character Rangga Raja in the novel 0 MDPL by Nurwina Sari. The main focus of the study is to identify the inner conflicts experienced by the protagonist as well as the dynamics of the personality structure consisting of the Id, Ego, and Superego that shape his psychological development throughout the storyline. This research employs a literary psychology approach using a qualitative descriptive method, conducted through a literature review and document analysis of the novel text as the primary data source. The findings indicate that Rangga Raja experiences complex emotional conflicts resulting from past trauma, experiences of loss, and failures in romantic relationships. These conditions are reflected through the tensions and interactions between the Id, Ego, and Superego within himself. The process toward the “zero point” (0 MDPL) is interpreted as a symbol of an identity crisis phase as well as a stage of self-reconstruction, in which the protagonist undergoes processes of reflection, self-acceptance, and openness to change. In addition, Rangga’s interactions with other characters, such as Andini, La Nina, and Nadia G. Sahara, play an important role in his psychological recovery and healing process. This study confirms that the novel 0 MDPL represents a profound reflection on human psychological dynamics, the search for identity, and the gradual process of inner healing.

This study examines the short story "Click that Kills" by Taufiqurohman to reveal the position of humans in the increasingly dominating digital algorithm environment. Using a descriptive qualitative approach that focuses on structural analysis and literary psychology based on Freud's psychoanalytic theory, this study thoroughly analyzes the intrinsic elements as well as the inner conflicts of the characters. The findings of this study show that the AIDA system poses a profound existential crisis, where individual freedom is threatened due to systemic information manipulation. The characters of Dito and Genta experience a serious conflict between id, ego, and superego when dealing with the figure of "Shadow User" who is a real symbol of the shift in human dignity through raw data. In terms of structure, the storyline conveys a deep social critique of the loss of human self-control in cyberspace. This research shows that this short story is a premonious criticism of the importance of maintaining the essence of humanity in the midst of the prevalence of mechanical algorithms. The phenomenon emphasizes that digital technology can potentially alienate the moral consciousness of individuals in modern society.

This study aims to comprehensively describe the psychological dynamics of Natta's character in the novel Rumah Tanpa Cahaya through the framework of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The main focus of the study is to analyze the structural interactions of personality including the Id, Ego, and Superego, and to identify various self defense mechanisms activated by the character due to the internal conflict he experiences. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a literary psychology approach as the main analytical basis for dissecting the hidden inner character. The results of the study indicate that Natta's character's behavior is a form of integrative struggle that demands immediate gratification (Id), rational consideration of painful reality (Ego), and strong moral pressure from the internalization of social norms (Superego). Natta's Id demands the fulfillment of basic needs for security and affection. Meanwhile, the Superego provides moral pressure that triggers disproportionate anxiety. Natta's Ego operates as a mediator that works hard to balance the drives of the Id and the demands of the Superego, which forces the Ego to activate self-defense mechanisms such as repression, rationalization, and especially sublimation. This mechanism serves as a psychic barrier to maintain her mental stability and prevent her from experiencing total collapse due to the accumulation of past trauma. Overall, this novel depicts the complexity of the human psyche in the face of existential crises and unresolved past wounds.

This study aims to comprehensively describe the psychological dynamics of Natta's character in the novel Rumah Tanpa Cahaya through the framework of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The main focus of the study is to analyze the structural interactions of personality including the Id, Ego, and Superego, and to identify various self defense mechanisms activated by the character due to the internal conflict he experiences. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a literary psychology approach as the main analytical basis for dissecting the hidden inner character. The results of the study indicate that Natta's character's behavior is a form of integrative struggle that demands immediate gratification (Id), rational consideration of painful reality (Ego), and strong moral pressure from the internalization of social norms (Superego). Natta's Id demands the fulfillment of basic needs for security and affection. Meanwhile, the Superego provides moral pressure that triggers disproportionate anxiety. Natta's Ego operates as a mediator that works hard to balance the drives of the Id and the demands of the Superego, which forces the Ego to activate self-defense mechanisms such as repression, rationalization, and especially sublimation. This mechanism serves as a psychic barrier to maintain her mental stability and prevent her from experiencing total collapse due to the accumulation of past trauma. Overall, this novel depicts the complexity of the human psyche in the face of existential crises and unresolved past wounds.

This study analyzes the short story Cinta Semata Wayang by Nuryana Asmaudi SA using a literary psychology approach grounded in Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. The research applies a literature study with a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through close reading to identify structural elements and the psychological dynamics of the characters. The findings reveal marital conflict symbolized through wayang figures, particularly Rama and Sinta. Structurally, the story presents a progressive plot, symbolic and metaphorical language, and central themes of love and responsibility. The psychological analysis highlights the interaction of the id, ego, and superego within the main characters: Rama experiences tension between personal desires and moral norms, while Sinta demonstrates superego dominance through loyalty and emotional endurance. The short story emphasizes that true love is not solely based on emotion but also requires responsibility, commitment, and moral awareness as the foundation of a harmonious and sustainable relationship. This research contributes to literary psychology studies and deepens understanding of moral values in literature.

This study analyzes the short story Cinta Semata Wayang by Nuryana Asmaudi SA using a literary psychology approach grounded in Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. The research applies a literature study with a descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through close reading to identify structural elements and the psychological dynamics of the characters. The findings reveal marital conflict symbolized through wayang figures, particularly Rama and Sinta. Structurally, the story presents a progressive plot, symbolic and metaphorical language, and central themes of love and responsibility. The psychological analysis highlights the interaction of the id, ego, and superego within the main characters: Rama experiences tension between personal desires and moral norms, while Sinta demonstrates superego dominance through loyalty and emotional endurance. The short story emphasizes that true love is not solely based on emotion but also requires responsibility, commitment, and moral awareness as the foundation of a harmonious and sustainable relationship. This research contributes to literary psychology studies and deepens understanding of moral values in literature.

This study aims to analyze the tendency of moving toward people in the main character of the novel Pukul Setengah Lima by Rintik Sedu using Karen Horney’s psychoanalytic theory. The main character exhibits behaviors that reflect a neurotic need for affection, approval, and protection through submissiveness, self-sacrifice, and emotional dependence on others. A descriptive qualitative approach is employed, using content analysis of excerpts from the novel. The findings reveal that the tendency to move toward others serves as a psychological response to social anxiety rooted in unresolved inner conflicts and emotional insecurity from the past. This pattern of unbalanced interpersonal relationships acts as a defense mechanism to gain a sense of safety in social life. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of psychological dynamics in contemporary Indonesian popular literature and enriches the field of literary psychology.

This article analyzes the representation of inner conflict and the search for self-identity in the character Haia in the novel Laut Tengah by Berliana Kimberly, using Sigmund Freud's literary psychology approach. This approach highlights the dynamics of the interaction between the id, ego, and superego in shaping Haia's personality and behavior. Through this analysis, it is found that Haia experiences deep inner conflict due to the tension between personal drives and social demands. The ego defense mechanisms used by Haia, such as rationalization and sublimation, play an important role in maintaining her psychological balance. In addition, the social and cultural environment also influences the formation of Haia's self-identity, creating a dilemma between fulfilling external expectations and pursuing personal happiness. Haia's identity transformation process reflects the search for meaning and self-acceptance that are essential in achieving psychological balance. The implications of this analysis suggest that literature can function as a mirror of life, reflecting the psychological dynamics experienced by individuals in society. 

This article analyzes the representation of inner conflict and the search for self-identity in the character Haia in the novel Laut Tengah by Berliana Kimberly, using Sigmund Freud's literary psychology approach. This approach highlights the dynamics of the interaction between the id, ego, and superego in shaping Haia's personality and behavior. Through this analysis, it is found that Haia experiences deep inner conflict due to the tension between personal drives and social demands. The ego defense mechanisms used by Haia, such as rationalization and sublimation, play an important role in maintaining her psychological balance. In addition, the social and cultural environment also influences the formation of Haia's self-identity, creating a dilemma between fulfilling external expectations and pursuing personal happiness. Haia's identity transformation process reflects the search for meaning and self-acceptance that are essential in achieving psychological balance. The implications of this analysis suggest that literature can function as a mirror of life, reflecting the psychological dynamics experienced by individuals in society. 

The purpose of this study is to analyze the psychological dynamics of the character Keke in the novel Surat Kecil Untuk Tuhan using the literary psychology approach developed by Sigmund Freud. The main focus of this study lies in the main aspects of personality possessed by humans that have been stated in the psychoanalytic theory approach of Sigmund Freud. These three approaches include the idea of ego and super ego, which in it represent the basic structure in the development of human personality. The results of this analysis indicate that the character Keke has a strong ID which is reflected through the instinctive drive to survive and avoid the suffering that comes from the cancer he has. The aspect of the elder brother's ego is seen from his rational attitude in facing the reality of life, such as in his decision to continue going to school and undergoing chemotherapy for his recovery. While the last aspect, namely the super ego, is stated to be more prominent than other aspects, the super ego aspect possessed by Keke stands out in the form of moral toughness, religious values and social responsibility, for example when he tells his family not to be sad and not to sacrifice all his wealth for the treatment of his illness. These three aspects of personality interact with each other and form a balanced personality between each other even though they are in a bad condition. Through the psychoanalytic approach of Sigmund Freud, the character of Keke in the novel Surat Kecil untuk Tuhan, the character of Keke is stated as a character who can inspire and has very high moral values. The analysis of this novel also proves that the psychoanalytic theory owned by Sigmund Freud is very effective in exploring the inner depths of a character and can understand the emotional and spiritual complexity in dealing with the suffering felt by a character in his story.

This study aims to examine the personality structure of the characters in the novel Areksa written by ItaKrn by utilizing a literary psychology approach based on Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. This study focuses more on the characters of Areksa Dirgantara and Ilona Ladeika, who experience emotional dynamics through the interaction of the three components of personality: id, ego, and superego. The method applied in this study is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques that include in-depth reading and recording. The findings of this study indicate that the characters in the novel face significant internal conflicts, where emotional drives (id), rational considerations (ego), and moral values ​​(superego) influence each other in the decision-making process and attitude formation. Areksa is shown as a character trapped in a dilemma between love and faith, while Ilona depicts a struggle between personal desires and existing social norms. These results emphasize how relevant Freud's theory is in understanding psychological conflicts in literary characters. Thus, a literary psychology approach can explore the inner depths of characters and enrich understanding of literary works as a reflection of the complexity of human psychology.

This study aims to analyze the psychological dynamics of the character Alie in the novel Rumah untuk Alie by Lenn Liu using Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic approach. The focus of the study lies in identifying and interpreting the personality structures of id, ego, and superego, as well as the ego defense mechanisms that emerge as responses to trauma and violence within the family environment. The research method employed is qualitative descriptive, utilizing content analysis techniques on the narrative, dialogue, and monologue of the main character. The results indicate that Alie’s id is manifested in a deep longing for love and protection, the ego functions in adapting and adjusting to the reality of a rejecting family, while the superego is reflected through feelings of guilt and a tendency to accept mistreatment as a form of self-punishment. These findings confirm that traumatic experiences and family pressures significantly influence the development of personality and mental health of the character. This study also highlights the relevance of literary psychology in revealing psychological issues faced by contemporary Indonesian society through literary works.

The drama Ayahku Pulang is able to describe Indonesian families during the colonial era. This story is very stressful between family members. One of the people who experiences the most spiritual turmoil is Gunarto, a young man who is now an adult. Gunarto shows a tough, cynical nature, and does not accept his parents back who are no longer worthy of being his mainstay. In this context, the character of Gunarto is a very interesting literary object for research among teenagers. His position is so important for research on adolescent psychology because at this time they are in the midst of an identity crisis, regarding the search for identity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the character of Gunarto as a representation of the inner conflict of adolescents in the drama Ayahku Pulang using Erikson's development theory. According to Eriksonian theory, adolescence is in search of identity through protest against wrong roles. Gunarto in this case is compared with a character who not only faces external conflict in his relationship with his father, but also internal conflict about the child's self-awareness, feelings of disappointment, and the need for emotional stability. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with drama text analysis techniques. Data obtained from the original manuscript of Ayahku Pulang were analyzed descriptively-analytically to explore the dynamics of Gunarto's psychology holistically. From this study, the importance of understanding the psychology of adolescence in literary works, especially when it comes to the relationship between parents and children. Gunarto's character is the voice of a wounded youth. This study focuses on literary psychology and is codified in Indonesian families. This scope opens up criticism of the role and how consistent the parental figure is in developing the identity of the younger generation.  

This research is motivated by the researcher’s curiosity about discrimination and social conflict, which are the central themes in the novel Maryam by Okky Madasari. The main character in this novel, Maryam, faces an inner conflict between maintaining her personal beliefs and coping with the social pressures exerted by her community and family. The internal and external conflicts experienced by Maryam illustrate the psychological dynamics of individuals living in an intolerant environment. To understand these conflicts, this study applies Sigmund Freud's psychological approach, emphasizing the interaction among the id, ego, and superego. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, employing a literature review. The analysis reveals that while Maryam’s id drives her to uphold her freedom and personal beliefs, her superego imposes pressure through societal norms and family expectations. Meanwhile, Maryam's ego functions as a mediator, seeking a compromise, though this leads to emotional distress. These internal and external conflicts reflect the social realities faced by individuals from minority groups, which can significantly influence their life choices.