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Compliance with taking medication is very important for pulmonary tuberculosis patients because it can ensure that the tuberculosis infection is controlled and does not spread to other people. Motivational interviewing counseling can help tuberculosis patients increase medication adherence with an empathetic and supportive approach to providing information. Through this technique, counselors can foster the patient's internal motivation to overcome obstacles that arise related to taking medication regularly. This research has gone through an ethical process with No. 000.9/002/KEPKRSUDBTG/1/2025. This type of research is quantitative, a quasi-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest without control design. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling of 30 respondents. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon rank test. The research results show: The patient's level of compliance with taking TB medication before Motivational Interviewing counseling is in the medium category and the low category. The level of patient compliance in taking TB medication after Motivational Interviewing counseling has increased, namely the high category and the medium category. There is an influence of motivational interviewing counseling on medication adherence in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Batang Regional Hospital. There is a significant difference between the results of compliance with taking TB medication before and after counseling motivational interviewing at Batang Regional Hospital.

Guidance and counseling constitute a crucial element in the educational structure of elementary schools, functioning to support students’ holistic development, including academic, social, emotional, and personal aspects. As students at this level are in the early stages of development, they require systematic guidance to actively adapt to the school educational context while optimizing the development of their potential to an optimal level. This study aims to examine the variety of guidance and counseling services in elementary schools and their role in addressing students’ problems through a literature review of relevant scientific sources, including national and international journals as well as reference books published after 2020. The results indicate that the implementation of guidance and counseling at the elementary school level encompasses various forms of services, such as orientation to the school environment, information services, placement and referral guidance, group guidance activities, individual and group counseling services, consultation, and mediation efforts. These services contribute to helping students overcome learning difficulties, behavioral problems, social adjustment issues, and personality development. However, their implementation still faces several challenges, including a shortage of professional personnel and teachers’ limited understanding of guidance and counseling. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen guidance and counseling programs in elementary schools in a well-planned and sustainable manner.

Empowering pregnant women in their third trimester through Respectful Maternity Care-based childbirth preparation counseling is a relevant promotive and preventive strategy for improving maternal health. This counseling not only provides knowledge about the signs of labor, stages of labor, pain management options, and birth planning, but also equips mothers with an understanding of their rights in midwifery care. Childbirth preparation education often focuses solely on clinical aspects and fails to fully address the psychosocial aspects and the rights of mothers as service recipients. This has the potential to lead to an unpleasant childbirth experience and even contribute to disrespect and abuse during labor. This counseling can equip mothers with an understanding of their rights in midwifery care. With an empathetic, participatory, and woman-centered approach, pregnant women are expected to be able to recognize their needs, convey their preferences, and communicate effectively with health workers. The purpose of this counseling is to improve pregnant women's knowledge before and after being empowered in their third trimester through Respectful Maternity Care-based childbirth preparation counseling.

Permasalahan yang menimpa remaja dikatakan kompleks yang berkaitan dengan pergaulan, perilaku pacaran, prestasi yang bermasalah di sekolah, dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan hasil survei didapatkan data bahwa seperempat remaja menyatakan mulai berpacaran pada usia 15 tahun dan gaya pacaran yang dilakukan seperti berpegangan tangan, ciuman, dan ada beberapa remaja yang pernah meraba bagian tubuh yang sensitif pada pasangannya. Faktor dominan perilaku seksual di pedesaan adalah teman sebaya sedangkan di perkotaan dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan. Kurangnya bimbingan dan konseling dari orang tua menyebabkan remaja melakukan perilaku seksual yang berakibat pada kehamilan, akibat yang lain seperti remaja tertular peyakit mematikan, dan tingginya kasus kriminalitas. Berdasarkan analisa tersebut maka dukungan keluarga berbasis family centered care yang melibatkan orang tua dalam mengatasi permasalahan remaja. Tujuan dari PKM ini adalah meningkatkan dukungan kelurga berbasis family centered care dalam mencegah perilaku seksual beresiko pada remaja. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan konseling tentang dukungan keluarga berupa emosional, informasional, penghargaan dan instrumental. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa peserta baru mengetahui bentuk-bentuk dukungan yang harus diberikan kepada anak remaja, selain itu ada beberapa peserta yang membiarkan anaknya pacaran tanpa dibekali pengetahuan yang cukup, selama pelaksanaan peserta antusias sehingga banyak pertanyaan yang muncul tentang perilaku seksual beresiko pada remaja. Hasil kegiatan tersebut diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu strategi dalam mencegah dan menguarangi perilaku seksual beresiko pada remaja.

This research examines the implementation of Guidance and Counseling services at SMAN 2 Telukjambe Timur through a descriptive lens. Employing a qualitative methodology, (Hazizah Isnaini, 2024)data were gathered via direct observations and semi-structured interviews involving guidance counselors and eleventh-grade students. The analysis focused on delineating service provision, counselor roles, and student perceptions of these functions within the educational setting. Findings reveal that services operate effectively on both scheduled and impromptu bases, integrating core activities such as basic support, responsive interventions, personalized counseling, and systemic backing. Participants reported significant value in the offerings, which include aptitude assessments and career development initiatives. Notwithstanding, challenges persist for both counselors and students. In aggregate, the program functions proficiently, bolstered by comprehensive school-wide collaboration. 

This study highlights the importance of understanding the cultural, religious, and social diversity present in every student. Multicultural counseling is viewed as an approach that helps counselors grasp the dynamics of student interactions and identify potential discriminatory behaviors. The discussion covers common forms of discrimination in schools, including stereotypes, identity-based bullying, and social exclusion. The study also emphasizes the strategic role of counselors in providing interventions through individual counseling, group counseling, and preventive programs focused on strengthening empathy and tolerance. The implementation of multicultural counseling programs is presented as a concrete effort to build an inclusive school climate. The findings show that this approach is effective in reducing conflict, increasing cross-cultural awareness, and fostering healthier social relationships among students. This research also highlights the importance of the school counselor's role in creating a safe and inclusive environment. Counselors can conduct needs assessments to identify patterns of discrimination and provide appropriate interventions. In addition, collaboration with teachers, parents, and the school is also needed to create effective prevention programs. This program is expected to have a positive impact on students and create a school culture that is more just and respects differences

Guidance and Counseling services have a strategic role in supporting students’ holistic development, including academic, social, emotional, and moral aspects. However, in practical implementation, counseling services in schools still show a gap between theoretical ideal concepts and real field practices. This study aims to analyze the role of school counselors in the implementation of Guidance and Counseling services at MTs Ibnu Sina Karawang, focusing on the counselor’s role, teacher-student interaction patterns, supporting factors, and challenges faced during implementation. This research employed a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with the school principal, teachers, and selected students. The findings show that the counselor plays multiple roles, namely as a disciplinary guide, personal counselor, moral educator, and facilitator of religious character strengthening. The interaction between counselors and students is carried out through humanistic, empathetic and communicative approaches. Supporting factors include strong collaboration among teachers, principals, homeroom teachers, and religious-based school activities. Meanwhile, several obstacles are found such as limited number of counselors, lack of students’ comprehensive understanding about BK functions, limited time allocation, and negative stigma that counseling services are only for problematic students. This research emphasizes the need for strengthening counseling literacy and transforming services into more preventive, developmental, collaborative, and continuously progressive student-oriented programs.

The integration of Western psychology and Islamic perspectives has become an important issue in the development of contemporary science and education. The rapid advancement of modern psychology calls for a synthesis with the epistemological framework of Islam to be more contextual in addressing academic and practical needs, particularly in the fields of education, counseling, and character development. This article aims to answer the research question: How is the trend of integration between Western psychology and Islamic perspectives in the current literature, and what are the implications for Islamic education theory and practice? This study uses a literature review method with a qualitative approach. Articles were collected via Google Scholar and the Publish or Perish application using the keywords "integration of psychology" AND "Islamic education." From the initial 40 articles, the screening process resulted in 5 (five) articles that met the publication year criteria (2021–2025), topic relevance, and open access. The review results show three main themes: (1) epistemological integration emphasizing the Islamization of knowledge; (2) the application of Islamic psychology in education, counseling, and curriculum; and (3) conceptual and practical challenges in connecting Western psychology with the Islamic paradigm. This literature synthesis highlights the importance of an integrative framework to strengthen the relevance of Islamic psychology in both academic and social domains. Future studies need to expand empirical methodologies and deepen the development of cross-disciplinary applicative models.

Early marriage remains a significant issue in Indonesia, including in South Sulawesi, with negative impacts on health, education, and social welfare. These impacts include high school dropout rates, reproductive health issues, and increased maternal and infant mortality rates. This community service activity aims to provide education and counseling to second-semester students of the Faculty of Business at Universitas Mega Buana Palopo regarding the dangers of early marriage and the importance of future planning. The methods used in this activity include lectures, group discussions, and individual counseling. Through the lectures, students were provided with information about the health, social, and psychological risks associated with early marriage. Group discussions aimed to enhance students' understanding and awareness of the importance of education and future planning before marriage. Additionally, individual counseling was conducted to provide more personalized support related to issues students might face. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' knowledge and awareness of the negative impacts of early marriage, as well as a positive attitude toward preventing early marriage. This activity is expected to serve as a sustainable campus-based early marriage prevention model that can be applied to other universities. With proper education and counseling, it is hoped that students will make wiser decisions regarding marriage and future planning. Improved knowledge will reduce the prevalence of early marriage and mitigate its negative effects on individuals and society.

This study aims to understand the essence of the Indonesian human and the personality assumptions of counselors and counselees in the Suryomentaraman counseling approach. This counseling emphasizes local wisdom and Indonesian spirituality rooted in true consciousness values. The research used a literature study method based on primary and secondary recent sources. The results show that the Suryomentaraman approach reconstructs the roles of counselor and counselee as conscious beings within the unity of life, rejecting Western binary dichotomies in counseling. This study’s implication enriches culturally-based counseling practices in Indonesia.

This study discusses the effectiveness of digital counseling services as a form of psychological intervention in reducing political anxiety among urban Indonesians in the post-truth era. This era is characterized by the massive spread of information that is often misleading and triggers public uncertainty and unrest, especially before and during political processes such as elections. Using a qualitative approach with case study methods and in-depth interviews, this study explores the experiences of urban individuals who participate in digital counseling services. The results show that digital counseling is able to provide a reflective and supportive space for individuals to understand and manage their emotions and political perceptions in a healthier way. This intervention has been shown to strengthen psychological resilience, reduce levels of political anxiety, and increase media literacy and critical awareness of urban communities towards national political dynamics. These findings recommend the integration of digital mental health services into psycho-political impact mitigation strategies in the digital era.

Multicultural counseling is a procedure including counselors and counselees with different cultural backgrounds, multicultural counselors need to understand multicultural factors that are in accordance with the conditions of guidance counselees. This research used a qualitative methodology, specifically a literature review, that consists of obtaining data sources relevant to the research issue. The primary data source is derived from the article manuscript, which will be evaluated through descriptive analysis.The purpose of this research is to enhance understanding related to multicultural guidance and counseling models. The findings of this research encompass (1) the concept of multicultural guidance and counseling, (2) multicultural guidance and counseling models, and (3) types of multicultural guidance and counseling in Indonesia.

This article discusses academic stress as a serious problem that is often experienced by university students and has a negative impact on mental health and academic performance. To address this, individual counselling approaches are considered an effective solution. This study is a literature review that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various individual counselling strategies in relieving academic stress. Using the literature review method, the study reviewed relevant literature from journals, books and reputable academic sources, with selection based on rigorous methodological criteria. Analyses were conducted systematically using a qualitative approach and a descriptive-analytical framework. The results showed that techniques such as relaxation training, time management, enhancing study skills, social support, self-regulation, and developing a positive and flexible mindset were effective. The role of professional counsellors was also identified as an important factor in successful counselling. This study makes both practical and theoretical contributions to the field of counselling, by providing strategic guidance for more targeted interventions. In addition, the findings open up opportunities for further research into approaches to handling academic stress.

Social skills are one of the important aspects for students' social life, especially in building healthy interpersonal relationships, and adapting to their school environment. However, some students experience difficulties in socializing both with peers and their school environment, which will have an impact on the lack of confidence in students and face social anxiety. Research was conducted to identify the effectiveness of group counseling in improving students' social skills. This research uses a literature review method using journals from the last 5 years. The result of this study is that group counseling is an effective intervention in improving students' social skills.    

The issue of adolescent anxiety has become a serious concern as it can hinder their psychological, social, and academic development. One approach that can be used in group counseling is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). This study aims to examine the effectiveness of applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in group counseling to address adolescent anxiety. The research uses a literature review method, focusing on the results of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions in a group setting. The findings indicate that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective in reducing social anxiety, academic stress, and deviant behaviors. Techniques such as thought stopping, self-talk, and cognitive restructuring have proven to help change negative thought patterns into more adaptive or positive ones. In conclusion, group counseling based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective approach in helping adolescents manage anxiety in a healthy and productive way.    

This study discusses the importance of integrating Guidance and Counseling (BK) in the Strengthening of Pancasila Student Profile (P5) Project at SMKN 1 Cilegon, as well as the factors that hinder the involvement of BK in this activity. P5 aims to internalize the values of Pancasila in students through a project-based approach, with a focus on character development and soft skills. However, the implementation of P5 at SMKN 1 Cilegon has not optimally involved BK. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to analyze the factors that cause BK's lack of participation in P5, its impact on students' social-emotional development, and a comparison with practices at other schools that have successfully integrated BK into P5. The results of the study show that administrative barriers, a lack of understanding of the role of BK, and limited communication between teachers and school management are the main obstacles. The impact of BK's non-involvement includes a reduction in the effectiveness of P5 in supporting character education and diminishing students' ability to face social-emotional challenges. This study recommends enhancing administrative support, providing training for teachers and counselors, and improving coordination among school stakeholders so that BK can optimally contribute to achieving the goals of P5. Effective integration of BK is expected to support the holistic development of students in line with the values of Pancasila.

The research conducted was entitled "Students' perceptions of counseling guidance at SMK Negeri 1 Southeast Aceh", which was based on the fact that only a small percentage of students had the initiative to provide counseling to guidance and counseling teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Southeast Aceh. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative research approach aimed at describing, writing and explaining in detail the problems to be researched and studying an individual or a group. The subject selection technique is based on the criteria set by the researcher. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and field notes. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing to test the validity of the data using primary data and secondary data. The research results revealed that (1) that students' perceptions of good counseling guidance were characterized by a good response in following the lessons delivered by counseling guidance through orientation services. Apart from that, there are still students who show bad attitudes towards the guidance and counseling teacher. The guidance and counseling teacher's efforts are also complemented by a service delivery plan (RPI) and carrying out routine evaluations of students both individually and in study groups. (2) The BK teacher takes steps to prevent the decline in students' trust in counseling guidance before students' trust in counseling guidance. The guidance and counseling teacher coordinates with the school principal and then the school will take action by bringing in lecturers from outside the school to rebuild students' declining confidence. (3) The time that Bk teachers have to enter Rombel is also limited so that BK teachers experience difficulties in carrying out orientation. Guidance and counseling teachers can only rely on the time provided by the school for students and what class they go to if a class teacher is absent because they are absent. Apart from that, the guidance and counseling teachers in schools are also lacking, making it difficult for guidance and counseling teachers to handle large numbers of students.

Adlerian counseling is a counseling approach that refers to individuals who want to achieve their life goals by motivating them towards mastery and fulfillment of life needs, Adler also considers that social interest is a measure of mental health. In the Adlerian counseling process, multicultural competence is considered very important as a form of empathy that can be shown by counselors to individuals with the same cultural background. This research method is skinative with a type of literature study, literature study is a technique or method by reviewing sources that have been made before, such as collecting library data, reading, recording, and reprocessing materials that will be used for research. The purpose of the research is to discuss Adlerian counseling in a multicultural perspective. The results of this study include (1) Adlerian counseling there are several techniques that can be used including interpretation, dream analysis, and also free association. (2) Adlerian counseling has stages that are important to do, namely developing relationships, exploring the dynamics of individual psychology, and finally encouraging self understanding and insight. (3) Adlerian counseling has advantages and disadvantages, which can be adjusted to the problems of the counselee that must be resolved. (4) Adlerian counseling often uses a multicultural perspective where the counseling process must run by adjusting the culture between the counselor and the counselee in order to establish a deep relationship and empathy based on similar cultural backgrounds.

This research aims to explore the importance of building a relationship between the personal qualities of a counselor and the personal qualities of counseling in the context of counseling services. Through a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with counselors who have experience in the field of counseling. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis method. The results of the study indicate that the relationship between the personal qualities of the counselor and the personal qualities of counseling has a significant impact on the effectiveness of counseling services. The personal qualities of the counselor, such as empathy, patience, and honesty, contribute to the creation of a positive relationship with clients, which in turn enhances counseling outcomes. The implications of this research highlight the importance of developing the personal qualities of counselors through continuous training and supervision to improve the effectiveness of counseling services    

The aim of this research is to find out that Individual Counseling with a Reality Approach can Develop Self-Confidence in Students at SMP Negeri 8 Denpasar. This research was planned for 2 cycles, each cycle with 1 meeting. This research uses a cyclical classroom action research design. This effort is made to foster students' courage and enthusiasm because essentially a feeling of lack of self-confidence is born because of feelings of fear, whether it is fear of failure or because they are not confident in their abilities and all of this is the influence of the wrong mindset. The results of the research show that the results of services for students at SMP Negeri 8 Denpasar in cycle 1 to increase self-confidence using the Behavior Contract obtained an average score for cycle 1 of 68.0 with the highest score being 90, there were 4 people and the lowest score was 70, there were 11 people. Meanwhile, in cycle II, the average score for cycle II was 79.0, with the highest score being 90, there were 7 people and the lowest score was 70, there were 8 people. Students who did not complete both in cycle I and cycle II were the same students, this was because these students basically had no intention of learning. Based on data on student learning outcomes from cycle I and cycle II, it showed that there was an increase in student learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 8 Denpasar shows the results of increasing compliance with self-confidence using Behavioral Contracts. Individual Counseling with a Reality Approach can Increase the Self-Confidence of Students at SMP Negeri 8 Denpasar.