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The Indonesian capital market has become a vital pillar of the national economy, providing opportunities for companies to obtain funding while simultaneously providing an investment vehicle for the wider community. In this context, stocks are the most sought-after instrument due to the potential returns they offer. However, stock investment is constantly faced with uncertainty, with fluctuating stock prices often presenting challenges for investors, especially those without a thorough understanding of the company's fundamental performance. An interesting phenomenon, the starting point of this research, is the quite extreme price movements of BIPI shares over the past decade. From 2015 to 2021, BIPI's share price remained stagnant at Rp 50 per share, a condition often referred to by market participants as "gocap" (goat capit). This condition reflects low investor interest in the company's shares, possibly due to high risk perceptions or unconvincing fundamental performance.

This study aims to analyze the impact of government expenditure development and government budgeting on the social assistance recipients affected by floods. The research approach uses a quantitative method with a total of 50 respondents selected through sampling techniques. Data processing was conducted using SPSS software with various statistical tests, including validity test, reliability test, multiple linear regression, t-test, and F-test. The results show that the development of government expenditure has a significant impact on the condition of the social assistance recipients. Additionally, government budgeting also has a significant impact on the effectiveness of social assistance distribution after the disaster. Simultaneously, both variables have a strong influence on the social assistance recipients, as reflected by the significant F-test value and the coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.518. This means that 51.8% of the variation in the condition of social assistance recipients can be explained by the development of government expenditure and government budgeting. These findings highlight the importance of appropriate expenditure and budgeting policies to enhance the effectiveness of social assistance distribution, especially in disaster situations.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of accounts receivable management using Bilyet Giro (BG) at PT YNT. The research focuses on administrative procedures such as invoice creation, amount verification, stamp duty application, internal approval, and the distribution of documents, including invoices, delivery orders, and transmittals. A qualitative approach was adopted with a case study method, and data was collected through in-depth interviews with finance division staff. The findings indicate that the BG-based receivables management system at PT YNT has been implemented with structured procedures. However, several challenges were identified, such as delays in document distribution and reliance on manual approval processes, which hinder the efficiency of the administration flow. The company has taken corrective actions, such as the implementation of digital archiving and improved interdepartmental coordination. These findings offer insights into the effectiveness of the current receivables management system and provide recommendations for further improvements. The research is expected to contribute to internal evaluations and enhance operational efficiency at PT YNT, improving the accuracy and reliability of the accounts receivable management and internal control systems.

The Independent Curriculum is the latest education policy designed to provide students with learning freedom with a focus on developing competencies that are more flexible and student-centered. This study explains the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at SMP Negeri Satu Atap 1 Dolat Rayat, a rural school with various resource limitations. The research method used is qualitative research with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with teachers, field observations, and school documentation. The results of the study based on the results of in-depth interviews with teachers, found the main challenges such as the low basic literacy skills of students, the limited facilities of learning support infrastructure, the low active participation of students, and the diversity of student backgrounds that affect the implementation of learning. In addition, limited support from parents and education policies are also obstacles. To optimize implementation, teachers implement strategies to strengthen literacy, continuous training, use contextual media, and build cross-stakeholder collaboration. This study confirms that the success of the Independent Curriculum in rural schools requires an adaptive contextual approach and synergy of all related parties.

The Independent Curriculum is the latest education policy designed to provide students with learning freedom with a focus on developing competencies that are more flexible and student-centered. This study explains the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at SMP Negeri Satu Atap 1 Dolat Rayat, a rural school with various resource limitations. The research method used is qualitative research with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with teachers, field observations, and school documentation. The results of the study based on the results of in-depth interviews with teachers, found the main challenges such as the low basic literacy skills of students, the limited facilities of learning support infrastructure, the low active participation of students, and the diversity of student backgrounds that affect the implementation of learning. In addition, limited support from parents and education policies are also obstacles. To optimize implementation, teachers implement strategies to strengthen literacy, continuous training, use contextual media, and build cross-stakeholder collaboration. This study confirms that the success of the Independent Curriculum in rural schools requires an adaptive contextual approach and synergy of all related parties.

Community empowerment is an important pillar in social development in Indonesia. This article discusses the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Program by students of the Christian Leadership Study Program, Faculty of Theology, Tarutung State Christian Institute in Hutaraja Simanungkalit Village, Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency. This activity focuses on spiritual and social development, through a literacy mentoring program for children and support for the elderly. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with a collaborative participatory method, which allows active interaction between students and the community. Data collection was carried out through observation, informal interviews, and documentation of activities. The evaluation results showed that the program succeeded in improving children's basic literacy skills and providing emotional support for the elderly, as well as strengthening social relationships in the community. Through this experience, students developed social skills and empathy, while the community felt the positive impact of student involvement. This article emphasizes the importance of collaboration between the academic world and local communities in realizing effective and sustainable empowerment.

Transformational leadership is an approach that emphasizes inspiration, empowerment, and individual development in order to achieve organizational goals holistically. This study aims to examine the concept of transformational leadership theoretically, while reviewing its application in the context of general organizations and churches, and its relevance according to the biblical perspective. Using the literature study method, this study collected data from various scientific literature and theological sources to build a solid conceptual framework. The results of the study indicate that transformational leadership has significant benefits, such as increasing employee engagement, innovation, and performance. On the other hand, this approach also has limitations, especially in the context of organizations that are bureaucratic or still in the early stages of formation. From a biblical perspective, transformational leadership is in line with the examples of Deborah and Jesus Christ, who led through service, example, and personal transformation. Thus, transformational leadership is not only relevant to the development of modern organizations, but also has a strong spiritual basis in Christian teachings.

This study aims to analyze the level of Quality of Work Life (QWL) among operational employees at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional III, Kebun Sei Garo. The research sample consists of 90 operational employees from PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional III, Kebun Sei Giro, using a total sampling technique. The data collection method employed is a descriptive quantitative approach utilizing a QWL scale based on a four-point Likert scale. The research instrument comprises 84 items. The findings show that the average QWL score is 268.95 with a standard deviation of 41.85, and the data are normally distributed (Kolmogorov-Smirnov sig = 0.090). Generally, Afdeling II and IV exhibit the highest levels of QWL, particularly in aspects of compensation, working conditions, and job opportunities. In contrast, Afdeling III demonstrates a lower level of QWL, especially concerning social relevance and job opportunities. In conclusion, the QWL of operational employees at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional III, Kebun Sei Garo is at a high level; however, special attention and targeted interventions are needed for Afdeling III to enhance work quality and employee motivation.

Dispensational theology is a system of biblical interpretation that views the history of salvation as a series of periods or dispensations in which God interacts with humanity in different ways, each with distinct rules and responsibilities. This writing aims to understand the development of the concept of dispensationalism, its literal method of interpretation, and the differing perspectives between Israel and the Church in God's plan. The method used is a literature review, analyzing various scholarly works and theological sources. The study's findings indicate that dispensationalism emphasizes a literal interpretation of the Bible, makes a clear distinction between Israel and the Church, and understands God’s promises as being fulfilled literally in the future. This system continues to develop and remains relevant in contemporary Christian theological discourse, including in Indonesia.

Leadership plays a crucial role in organizational effectiveness, especially in creating work synergy, building motivation, and facing the challenges of change. This article discusses in depth the type of charismatic leadership that has a strong personal appeal and influence on followers. Through the method of literature study and descriptive approach, this article explores the basic concept of charismatic leadership, its benefits, advantages, and disadvantages. Charismatic leaders are able to build strong emotional relationships, increase loyalty, and create an innovative work environment. However, this leadership style also carries risks, such as excessive dependence on the leader and the potential for a cult of personality. Charismatic leadership is biblical leadership.

This critically discusses the role of literary appreciation and criticism in enhancing the quality of literary works by thoroughly reviewing existing practices and theories. Through a qualitative analysis approach, this study highlights how appreciation and criticism not only function as passive responses to works but also as active instruments that shape the quality and innovation of literature. This paper recommends the reconstruction of a more integrated and reflective paradigm of literary appreciation and criticism to significantly contribute to the improvement of literary quality.

This article examines the teachings, doctrines, and practices within Roman Catholic Theology with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of the liturgical structure, teachings, and leadership of the Catholic Church. The research was conducted using a qualitative method through literature analysis from various journals, books, and related scholarly sources. The findings indicate that Roman Catholic Theology is rooted in Sacred Scripture, Sacred Tradition, and the Magisterium, and it presents fundamental differences from other Christian theologies, particularly in its concepts of salvation, doctrinal authority, and worship practices. In addition, this study highlights historical developments, the influence of ecumenical councils, and the roles of Mary and the sacraments in the life of Catholic faith. These findings are expected to help readers understand the characteristics and dynamics of Roman Catholic Theology in its historical context and contemporary challenges.

The agribusiness sector plays a crucial role in the economy, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. However, traditional challenges such as limited land, climate change, and conventional farming practices often hamper productivity. Integration of technology in agribusiness offers innovative solutions to overcome these constraints and improve efficiency and yields. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study research design that focuses and aims to identify and analyze effective technology-based agribusiness development strategies to increase productivity sustainably. By exploring various technologies such as precision agriculture, Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and biotechnology, and their implementation in increasing productivity in various agribusiness subsectors. This study discusses the challenges and opportunities in technology adoption in the agribusiness sector, and recommends policies and strategies to encourage digital transformation in agriculture.

This study analyzes speech acts used by students in academic and social interactions. Speech acts are part of pragmatic studies that describe how language is used in everyday communication. This study aims to identify the forms, functions, and differences in the characteristics of speech acts in both contexts. The methods used in this study include observation, interviews, recording, transcription, and literature review by analyzing various relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that in academic interactions, students more often use representative and directive speech acts to convey information and give instructions, while in social interactions, they use more expressive and commissive speech acts to build relationships and express emotions. Factors that influence these differences include the context of the situation, relationships with interlocutors, the influence of media and technology, and cultural background. The conclusion of this study confirms that understanding speech acts is very important in improving the effectiveness of student communication in both academic and social environments. The implications of this study can be used to develop better communication strategies in higher education environments and increase students' awareness of the use of appropriate language in various contexts.

One of the important sacraments in Christianity is the sacrament of baptism. Different denominations or sects also have different understandings of baptism. GBI itself believes that baptism consists of two, namely water baptism and Holy Spirit baptism. In connection with the low understanding of youth at GBI Silangkitang regarding baptism, it is necessary to hold a seminar on the theme of baptism. Before this seminar was held, the writer conducted a literature review, so that the results of the research presented in the seminar had an adequate academic basis. The research results that have been presented in the seminar are that baptism is divided into two, namely water baptism and Holy Spirit baptism. Water baptism is a sign of obedience to God's word, water baptism must follow Christ's example, and water baptism is a sign of being united with the death and resurrection of Christ. Furthermore, the baptism of the Holy Spirit is the baptism carried out by the Lord Jesus into the Holy Spirit. The baptism of the Holy Spirit is God's gift to give power to believers to carry out ministry according to the gifts of the Spirit received by believers and these gifts of the Spirit must be balanced with the fruit of the Spirit.   Keywords: , 

The pastor is a leader for the congregation who thinks about the spirituality of the congregation and also the physical needs of the congregation he serves. Therefore, the pastor's service to the congregation is a holistic service. If the congregation served by a pastor has problems in terms of spirituality or life needs, the pastor must be willing to carry out visits and counseling. Considering that the responsibility of pastoral care is quite large, being a pastor must be a calling in life. However, it is very ironic that there are still pastors today who do not serve the congregation totally. This article is a qualitative method by examining God's servants or Shepherds as leaders. The principles of shepherding are based on 1 Peter 5:1-4, namely serving without seeking one's own interests, serving voluntarily, serving with enthusiasm and providing an example to the sheep or congregation.

This research was conducted to determine the effect of Fee Based Income and Minimum Statutory Reserves on the Profitability of PT. Indonesian Sharia Bank. The population used in this research is the financial statements of PT. Indonesian Sharia Bank. Meanwhile, samples were taken from the monthly financial reports of Bank Syariah Indonesia for 2020 - 2022 using purpusive sampling techniques. The results of this research show that the value of Tcount > Ttable or 5.865 > 2.03452 and the significant value of the Fee Based Income variable (X1) is 0.000 < 0.050, stating that partially the Fee Based Income variable has a significant effect on Profitability. The value of Tcount > Ttable or 7.901 > 2.03452 and the significant value of the Minimum Statutory Reserve variable (X2) is 0.000 < 0.050. Minimum Statutory Reserves have a significant effect on Profitability. Fcount > Ftable or 51,929 > 2.90 with a probability value of 0.000 < 0.050, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that Fee Based Income and Minimum Statutory Reserves simultaneously influence Profitability.

The development of digital technology has had a significant impact on the use of demand deposits in the trading business. This discussion aims to analyze the effect of the application of digital technology on the use of demand deposits in the retail industry. Several retail companies are still facing challenges related to technological infrastructure and the availability of reliable internet access. In order to optimize the use of demand deposits in the trading business with the adoption of digital technology, retail companies need to involve employees in training and developing technology skills. Attention to data protection and customer privacy is also required and the development of strategies to promote consumer acceptance of digital payment methods.