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State-based conservation in Indonesia often faces institutional failure and social resistance, resulting in continued deforestation. Conversely, Indigenous conservation models in West Java, specifically the Leuweung Larangan (forbidden forest), demonstrate significant ecological resilience. However, the legal standing of these customary practices within Islamic jurisprudence remains under-theorized, creating a dichotomy between Adat (custom) and Sharia. This study proposes a juridical reconstruction of the Sundanese taboo mechanism (Pamali) as Jarimah Ta’zir (discretionary sanction) to strengthen environmental law enforcement. Utilizing a socio-legal approach and ecological hermeneutics, this research analyzes Yusuf al-Qardhawi’s concept of Fiqh al-Bi’ah and Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s sacred science, alongside relevant empirical data on Indigenous forest governance. The findings demonstrate that Leuweung Larangan structurally manifests as Hima Syar’i (sacred protected zone). Operationally, Pamali functions not merely as a cultural myth, but as a preventive legal instrument (Sadd al-Dzari’ah) where environmental violations constitute religious criminal acts. This creates a "Sundanese Eco-theology" model that establishes a double-layered compliance system—social sanctions and theological liability—proving more effective for carbon preservation than state regulations alone. The study recommends integrating this model into the Green Constitution framework to resolve tenurial conflicts and enhance climate resilience.

This community service activity aims to enhance students' understanding and awareness of the green marketing concept and the importance of environmental preservation. Through socialization activities conducted via seminars, interactive workshops, educational module distribution, and group discussions, students of the Management Study Program at Universitas Serang Raya gained insights into sustainable and environmentally friendly marketing practices. Evaluation results indicate a significant increase in students' comprehension of green marketing concepts and environmental awareness. Students also demonstrated active participation, presented creative ideas, and showed commitment to applying sustainability principles within the campus and surrounding communities. This activity contributes to fostering pro-environmental behavior, strengthening students' capacity as agents of change, and supporting the educational institution's role in sustainable development. The results of this service are expected to be an initial step for integrating green marketing and environmental awareness education into the curriculum and ongoing campus activities.

This study aims to analyze and describe the regulation of furniture business permits in Alak District, Manutapen Village, Kupang City, within the framework of regional and national legal provisions. Business permits are a vital aspect of legality, providing legal certainty and protection for entrepreneurs. Despite this importance, many wooden furniture businesses continue to operate without official permits. Several factors contribute to this issue, including limited knowledge of regulatory requirements, inadequate access to facilities and administrative services, and the perception among entrepreneurs that small-scale businesses do not necessarily require permits. This research adopts an empirical approach, employing semi-structured interviews with local furniture business owners who have not yet obtained permits. The findings reveal that although the government has made efforts to disseminate information and promote the importance of business permits, these initiatives have not been fully effective. Many entrepreneurs remain unaware of the legal obligations and the potential benefits that permits can provide, such as protection against legal disputes and opportunities for broader business development. The study further identifies both positive and negative impacts of the furniture industry in the local community. On the positive side, furniture businesses significantly contribute to household income, create new job opportunities, and foster creativity through innovative craftsmanship. On the negative side, they also cause environmental issues such as waste and pollution, reduce agricultural land due to the expansion of workshops, and influence lifestyle changes within the community. Based on these findings, the study concludes that the government must strengthen its role by enhancing outreach and education programs, simplifying the permit application process, and providing better support services to entrepreneurs. Additionally, active participation from business owners is crucial to ensure compliance with legal frameworks and to achieve a sustainable balance between economic growth, social welfare, and environmental preservation.

Illegal logging causes deforestation, disrupts forest ecosystems, and threatens biodiversity, contributing to climate change by reducing carbon absorption. It also leads to soil erosion and other environmental issues. This study examines the measures taken by the Lampung Provincial Forestry Service to combat illegal logging in the Way Waya Protected Forest, Pringsewu Regency, and the challenges faced in these efforts. Using a normative and empirical legal approach, the study collects data through literature review and interviews with investigators from the Forestry Service, the Lampung Regional Police, and academics. The findings reveal that preventive actions, such as community outreach and education, alongside repressive measures like joint operations, patrols, and law enforcement, are in place. However, technical and social challenges hinder their effectiveness, requiring institutional improvements and better inter-agency collaboration. This study highlights the need for stronger partnerships between the government, communities, and relevant agencies to combat forest crimes. The recommendations aim to improve forest management policies and raise public awareness of forest preservation.

This study discusses the strategy of expanding the local Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) market through the development of Tourism Villages as a solution to limited market access and low competitiveness of MSME actors. MSMEs in Indonesia often face obstacles in aspects of the marketing mix such as venues, prices, products, and promotions. Through a qualitative approach, this study analyzes the direct impact of Tourism Villages on increasing market access, product innovation, and the role of innovation diffusion in encouraging technology adoption by MSME actors. The results of the study show that Tourism Villages such as Pujon Kidul, Taman Sari, and Sokobanah Daya are able to become a catalyst for the local economy by attracting tourists as potential consumers, reducing operational costs, and creating an innovation ecosystem that supports the growth of MSMEs. BUMDes (Village-Owned Enterprises) play an important role in digital promotion, product packaging development, and strengthening the capacity of local business actors through training and mentoring programs. Moreover, Tourism Villages encourage collaboration between stakeholders such as village governments, educational institutions, and private sectors in building sustainable local entrepreneurship. They also facilitate knowledge sharing and cultural preservation while integrating economic, social, and environmental values. Although there are still challenges such as lack of managerial skills, limited access to capital, and dependence on tourism seasons, the potential for long-term impact remains high. This study concludes that the integration of Tourism Village development with MSME strengthening strategies can be a model for inclusive and sustainable village economic empowerment. These findings provide practical recommendations for village governments, BUMDes managers, and MSME actors in building effective synergies that accelerate local economic growth and resilience.

Mount Kerinci is one of Indonesia’s premier climbing tourist destinations, attracting a growing number of visitors each year. This rapid increase in tourism has brought about significant ecological and social pressures on the surrounding environment and communities. Kersik Tuo Village, serving as the primary gateway to the hiking trail, holds a pivotal role in managing these pressures through sustainable tourism practices. This study aims to analyze the role of the Kersik Tuo Village Government in advancing sustainable tourism development using a qualitative descriptive approach, guided by William N. Dunn's program evaluation framework. The framework assesses five key criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, and responsiveness. Findings indicate that the village government has implemented several important initiatives, such as developing basic infrastructure, conducting human resource training, running environmental awareness campaigns, and collaborating with the village-owned enterprise (BUMDes) to boost local economic development. Despite these positive steps, significant challenges persist. Waste accumulation above 3,000 meters remains a critical environmental concern, alongside widespread illegal climbing activities that threaten the conservation area. Economic benefits are unevenly distributed among community members, and village officials face limitations in technical capacity, hindering effective management. While the government shows good responsiveness to environmental issues, its efforts fall short in addressing social conflicts and systematic trail monitoring. To address these gaps, the study recommends strengthening institutional frameworks, enhancing coordination among all tourism stakeholders, establishing preventive monitoring systems for trails, and promoting inclusive economic empowerment. These combined efforts are essential to foster equitable, participatory, and sustainable governance for climbing tourism within the Mount Kerinci conservation area, ensuring long-term preservation and community welfare.

Socio-economic action activities aim to increase participants' awareness of the importance of social and environmental roles through educational and participatory approaches. This study aims to describe the implementation of the activity of feeding maggot to chickens as a form of organic waste utilization and the activity of decorating bokor as a preservation of local culture. The method used was participatory observation, where participants were directly involved in both activities. The results showed that participants understood the benefits of maggot as a waste management solution and alternative feed, and showed high enthusiasm in decorating bokor as a form of preserving cultural values. This activity was able to increase social, environmental, and cultural awareness in participants in an integrated manner in one series of activities.

The construction of houses in river border areas is a complex issue involving legal, environmental, and spatial planning aspects. River borders are protected zones designated to maintain the ecological function of rivers and to mitigate disaster risks. In Indonesia, development in these areas is regulated through various legal instruments, including Government Regulation No. 38 of 2011 and the OSS RBA (Online Single Submission Risk-Based Approach) system. Local governments play a strategic role in spatial planning, granting permits, conducting supervision, and enforcing the law. However, significant challenges persist, such as inadequate spatial data, weak integration between local and central information systems, and socio-political pressures that influence decision-making. Furthermore, overlapping authorities between central and local governments after the Omnibus Law have further complicated the permitting and monitoring processes. A case study in Tanah Laut Regency reveals that negligence in issuing permits can lead to environmental degradation. Therefore, cross-sector collaboration, strengthened human resource capacity, and policy harmonization between central and local governments are essential. The implementation of a fair, transparent, and risk-based permitting system is key to protecting river border zones and achieving sustainable development that aligns with public interests and environmental preservation.

Sustainability and future governance play a crucial role in shaping urban planning and settlement development in Indonesia. As the country faces rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and socio-economic inequalities, the integration of sustainable principles into governance frameworks becomes vital for achieving balanced urban growth. This paper examines the relationship between sustainability and future governance within the context of Indonesia's settlement planning, highlighting key challenges such as resource management, climate change adaptation, and the inclusion of local communities in decision-making processes. A sustainable approach to governance, combined with innovative urban planning strategies, can address issues like affordable housing, infrastructure resilience, and environmental preservation. The study emphasizes the need for participatory governance that involves multiple stakeholders, including local governments, private sectors, and civil society, to ensure a holistic and inclusive planning process. By aligning future governance models with sustainability goals, Indonesia can create livable, equitable, and resilient settlements that are capable of withstanding environmental and socio-economic challenges. The findings suggest that integrating sustainability into governance frameworks is essential for the long-term success of settlement planning, fostering environments that are not only sustainable but also adaptable to future needs.

The rise of trade in protected wildlife threatens the preservation of biodiversity in Indonesia, especially in the Aceh and North Sumatra regions. This is because punishment does not provide a deterrent effect to the perpetrators and the involvement of officials in its implementation, so that law enforcement against the trade in protected wildlife has not been felt effective in the eyes of the public. In this thesis, the author wants to know the extent of the effectiveness of law enforcement carried out by Forestry Civil Servant Investigators (PPNS) against protected wildlife trade through issues related to law enforcement, obstacles in law enforcement and efforts that have been made to overcome these obstacles. This research was conducted in Section I of the Sumatra Regional Environmental and Forestry Law Enforcement Center. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through interviews with PPNS Forestry and related parties, as well as analysis of documents related to protected wildlife trafficking cases. The results of the study show that the effectiveness of law enforcement by PPNS Forestry has been quite effective, although it is still faced with several obstacles in its implementation. Law enforcement against the trade in protected wildlife starts from preemptive, preventive, repressive and judicial actions. Light punishment, the use of undercover buy techniques, proof of evidence, involvement of officials, facilities and infrastructure, human resources and public awareness are still factors that hinder law enforcement. Therefore, efforts have been made to overcome these obstacles by revising the law, strengthening intelligence networks, adding and increasing human resources, coordinating with related agencies and socializing to the community. The author recommends that socialization be carried out to law enforcement officials regarding the equality of perception in the implementation of Law Number 32 of 2024 and establish close cooperation with the TNI and Polri intelligence networks and make strict rules against officers involved in the trade of protected wildlife.