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This study aims to analyze the implementation of legal responsibility by goat farmers in managing waste from Etawa goat farming based on a circular economy model at Nusantara Farm, Sidoarjo. The study employs both normative juridical and empirical juridical approaches, with data collection techniques including literature review, interviews, and field observations.The results indicate that waste management is carried out through direct utilization, such as using livestock manure as organic fertilizer, selling waste, and distributing it to the surrounding community. These practices demonstrate that waste is not disposed of carelessly but rather reused, thereby creating economic and functional value.From a legal perspective, this condition reflects the fulfillment of the farmers' responsibilities in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, particularly in efforts to prevent environmental pollution. Furthermore, these waste management practices partially embody the principles of the circular economy, especially in terms of reuse.However, the current waste management practices remain conventional and are not yet optimally integrated. Therefore, there is a need to develop a waste management model based on an integrated closed-loop system to enhance the economic value of waste while ensuring more effective environmental sustainability.

This study aims to analyze the environmental impact of waste generated by the gecko processing home industry based on environmental law regulations in Indonesia. In its processing activities such as lizards and snakes. These activities produce organic waste in the form of animal organs, blood, body fluids, and other waste in the materials that are later utilized as catfish feed. The research method used is qualitative with a normative juridical approach, statutory approach, and literature study. Data were obtained from laws and regulations , scientific journal, and environmental law literature. The results of the study indicate that the disposal of waste into rivers can increase Biological Oxyen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) levels, cause unpleassant odors, and reduce water quality and public health. The utilization of waste as catfish feed can reduce the amount of waste disposed of, however, it still requires hygienic processing to prevent biological risks. From the perspective of environmental law, the direc disposal of the waste into rivers is not in accordance with Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management and Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. Therefore, better waste management is needed through proper waste treatment, increased awareness among business actors, and goverment supervision so that home industries can operate sustainably and in an environmentally friendly manner

Industrial waste management is an essential part of environmental protection and management efforts in Indonesia. Industrial development contributes positively to economic growth, but it also creates risks of environmental pollution when waste is not managed properly and in accordance with legal regulations. This study aims to analyze legal regulations concerning industrial waste management in Indonesia, evaluate the compliance level of PT Selatan Jadi Jaya with applicable laws and regulations, and examine law enforcement efforts and accountability mechanisms for violations affecting the environment. The research applies an empirical normative method using statutory and field approaches. Data were collected through literature studies of legislation, scientific journals, and legal doctrines, supported by observations and interviews with related parties. The findings show that industrial waste management has been comprehensively regulated under Law Number 32 of 2009 and Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021. However, implementation still encounters obstacles such as weak supervision, limited legal awareness among business actors, and economic considerations affecting corporate compliance. PT Selatan Jadi Jaya has fulfilled several administrative obligations but still requires improvement in substantive waste management practices. Effective supervision, consistent law enforcement, and stronger corporate commitment to sustainability and environmental responsibility are therefore necessary to achieve optimal environmental protection.

The waste problem in Indonesia has now reached a critical stage and has become an increasingly serious environmental issue. The ever-increasing volume of waste is not being managed effectively, leading to various negative impacts, particularly environmental pollution. This study aims to examine the state of waste management in Indonesia and its impact on water pollution from the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The method used is descriptive qualitative research through a literature review utilizing various sources such as journals, official reports, and legislation. The results indicate that the majority of waste originates from household activities, while management practices remain rudimentary, such as the “collect-transport-dispose” method and open dumping. This situation leads to waste accumulation, which contributes to water pollution, deteriorating environmental quality, and increased health risks for the community. Furthermore, suboptimal waste management also poses a challenge in achieving sustainable development goals, particularly regarding responsible consumption and access to clean water and sanitation. Therefore, improved efforts are needed through the application of the reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) principles, increased public awareness, and the active role of the government and the private sector in providing a sustainable waste management system. With the right measures, it is hoped that the waste problem in Indonesia can be reduced and the environment preserved.

Waste management remains a critical environmental issue due to the lack of public awareness in separating organic and inorganic waste, resulting in accumulation and environmental pollution This study aims to analyze and evaluate the development of automatic waste sorting systems based on proximity sensors with full-capacity notification using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach.. The proposed system utilizes a combination of sensors, including proximity sensors for material identification and ultrasonic sensors for detecting object presence and bin capacity, integrated with a microcontroller for real-time processing. Additionally, the system is equipped with IoT-based monitoring that allows users to receive notifications when the waste bin reaches its capacity. The research method involves system design, hardware and software integration, and functional testing to evaluate system performance. The results indicate that the system is capable of sorting waste automatically with a high level of accuracy and responsiveness, while also providing real-time monitoring to support waste management operations. The implementation of this system can reduce manual intervention, increase operational efficiency, and promote better waste segregation practices. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of integrating smart technology into environmental management systems, contributing both theoretically and practically to the development of sustainable waste management solutions.

The Bajo tribe is a group of people who depend on the sea. The Bajo tribe views the sea as a fundamental entity, and believe that the sea is the source of life. The life of the Bajo tribe is inseparable from the noble values and local wisdom that they hold upto. This Bajo tribal area, with its immense marine biodiversity, faces serious threats from a variety of factors, including overfishing as well as fish bombing, coral reef damage, and environmental pollution. This study uses a Qualitative Descriptive method using an ethnographic study with a number of subjects of two people , informant determination techniques using purposive sampling and subject retrieval using triangulation techniques. The forms of local wisdom of the Bajo Tribe that play a role in preserving the environment are: The Bajo Tribe's belief in spirit spirits or the supernatural, the Tibaanca tradition, and the use of traditional fishing gear. Local wisdom has a role in preserving the environment such as: Sustainable use of natural resources, protection of biodiversity, and control of environmental pollution. The Bajo tribe in Torosiaje uses local wisdom that they hold fast to to preserve the environment from environmental damage.

The agricultural sector plays a strategic role in meeting food needs while maintaining environmental sustainability and community welfare. However, conventional farming practices that rely on chemical inputs have caused various problems, such as soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, and environmental pollution. This condition has encouraged the adoption of the Sustainable Agriculture concept, which emphasizes a balance between ecological, economic, and social aspects. Its successful implementation is strongly influenced by farmers’ perceptions as the main actors. This study aims to analyze rice farmers’ perceptions of the implementation of Sustainable Agriculture in swampy areas of Tebas District, Sambas Regency. The research was conducted from October to November 2025 using a survey method involving 95 farmers selected through the Slovin formula and proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and Likert-scale questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression. The results show that farmers’ perceptions are generally positive, particularly regarding water management, variety selection, and cropping patterns. However, the use of organic fertilizers, environmentally friendly pest control, and post-harvest management are still considered difficult. Education level and non-farming occupations significantly influence farmers’ perceptions. Therefore, enhancing extension services, training, and support for business diversification is necessary to promote the adoption of Sustainable Agriculture.

Seren Village has abundant organic waste potential, particularly banana peel waste generated from banana-processing MSME activities and wood ash resulting from household firewood combustion. To date, this waste has not been optimally utilized and is often discarded, thereby posing potential environmental problems. This study aims to process banana peel waste and wood ash into an innovative, environmentally friendly shoe polish made from natural materials, while also enhancing the economic value and welfare of the community. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the women’s Family Welfare Empowerment Group (PKK) of Seren Village as the target participants. The shoe polish production process includes drying and grinding banana peels, mixing them with a wood ash solution that functions as a natural coloring agent, adding supporting materials, and heating the mixture until a ready-to-use shoe polish is obtained. The results indicate that the shoe polish produced from banana peels and wood ash has a solid texture, is slightly coarse, non-glossy, and has a relatively fast drying time of approximately one minute. In addition, the product shows good resistance to water splashes and does not damage the surface of shoes. The use of natural ingredients makes this shoe polish safer for health. The utilization of this waste has the potential to support MSME development, reduce environmental pollution, and sustainably improve the welfare of the Seren Village community.

Cassava is one of the strategic agricultural commodities in Indonesia, contributing significantly to national production, particularly in several major producing provinces. In addition to the challenge of declining harvested areas, cassava processing activities also generate agricultural waste that poses environmental risks. In Purwasari Village, Dramaga Subdistrict, Bogor Regency, household-scale cassava processing industries produce solid waste in the form of cassava peels, which are not optimally managed and are commonly discarded in the surrounding environment. This cassava waste has the potential to cause environmental pollution, unpleasant odours, and negative impacts on public health. One sustainable alternative for managing this cassava waste is the use of cassava peels as a raw material for composting. This study aimed to identify problems associated with cassava peel waste and to assess members of the Taruna Tani Millennial Farmer Group's interest in compost production using cassava peels. The research was conducted from December 2024 to June 2025 using a community-based assistance approach. Data was collected through interviews and questionnaires involving 20 respondents. The results showed that the main problems associated with cassava peel waste include waste accumulation, limited processing facilities, and low community awareness. Farmers’ interest in cassava peel composting was generally categorized as high, with an average score of 77%, although several indicators remained at a moderate level. Extension activities and hands-on demonstrations were proven to enhance farmers’ understanding, interest, and participation. With sustained educational support and adequate facilities, the use of cassava peel compost has strong potential to promote environmentally friendly, sustainable agricultural waste management.

Environmental pollution and degradation remain serious issues in Indonesia, causing significant impacts on ecosystems and the social life of communities. One of the fundamental principles in environmental law aimed at ensuring ecological restoration is the Polluter Pays Principle (PPP), which obliges polluters to bear all costs arising from environmental pollution or damage caused by their activities. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of enforcing the Polluter Pays Principle as a mechanism for ecological restoration in resolving environmental disputes in Indonesia. The research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that although the Polluter Pays Principle has been normatively adopted in Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, its implementation in practice remains suboptimal. Major obstacles include weak law enforcement, power imbalances between business actors and affected communities, lack of transparency in the use of compensation funds, and limited public participation in environmental restoration processes. Therefore, strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement institutions, and adopting a restorative justice approach are necessary to ensure that the Polluter Pays Principle functions effectively in achieving ecological restoration and environmental justice in Indonesia.

Plastic waste has become one of the main environmental problems due to its nature, which is difficult to decompose naturally and can cause environmental pollution. One alternative waste treatment method that can be applied is to use a plastic melter to melt and recycle plastic waste into useful products. However, the design of plastic melters often lacks consideration of structural strength and safety aspects during the operation process. This study aims to design and engineer a plastic melter using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation approach to analyze structural resistance to thermal and mechanical loads that occur during the operation process. The research method was carried out through 3D design modeling of plastic melter components using Solidworks software, followed by analysis with FEA simulation on the main component, namely the melting tube. The parameters analyzed include the distribution of von Mises stress, the amount of displacement, and the safety factor. The analysis results show that the analyzed components experience von Mises stress distribution and displacement that are still below the material tolerance limits, with safety factor values above the recommended safety limits. Thus, the resulting plastic melter design is declared safe and can proceed to the manufacturing process. Therefore, the plastic melter design is safe, strong, and feasible to be realized as an effective and sustainable plastic waste processing technology solution.

The growing pressure on urban drainage systems caused by blockages and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing sustainable filtration materials. This study explores the use of coffee waste as an environmentally friendly filler integrated into polyester fabric (PE 24S) to create a green filtration medium for drainage applications. The research focuses on developing and characterizing the composite material through macro-photographic morphology analysis, tensile strength testing, and antibacterial evaluation. The findings demonstrate that polyester fabric modified with coffee waste shows a tensile strength of 54.024 ± 5.498 MPa, elongation of 111.128 ± 6.915%, and a Young’s modulus of 0.486 ± 0.543 MPa, indicating improved flexibility and sufficient mechanical durability for drainage system use. Additionally, antibacterial testing reveals that the composite material can inhibit microbial growth due to the presence of natural bioactive compounds found in coffee waste. Overall, the results suggest that coffee waste–enhanced polyester fabric offers a sustainable and mechanically reliable alternative for environmentally friendly drainage infrastructure while supporting circular economy practices.

This community service was carried out at the Sebesi Island Coconut Brown Sugar Artisans Group, South Lampung Regency, which faced the problem of low product competitiveness due to the use of conventional plastic packaging that was simple, unattractive, and environmentally unfriendly. This topic was chosen because it is relevant to the issue of the plastic waste crisis and the urgency of implementing a circular economy in island regions that are vulnerable to environmental pollution. The objective of this activity was to improve the hard and soft skills of partners through the innovation of environmentally friendly packaging designs based on local materials, while also increasing the economic value of coconut brown sugar products. The community service was carried out using a participatory approach through socialization, training, co-design of packaging, and assistance with production and marketing for 40 partners consisting of brown sugar craftsmen, BUMDes administrators, and local natural material weavers. The results of the activity showed an increase in the partners' skills in product design and packaging, strengthening of soft skills in the form of confidence and marketing readiness, as well as an increase in the selling value and image of the product in the local market. This activity confirms that environmentally friendly packaging innovation based on local resources is an effective strategy in empowering MSMEs as well as implementing a circular economy at the village level.

Article 28H paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia guarantees the right of every person to live in a good and healthy environment, while Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia affirms the principle of sustainable and environmentally friendly development as the basis for natural resource management. These constitutional norms are implemented through Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, which requires every business activity to prevent any pollution and/or environmental damage. In addition, through Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation as amended by Law Number 6 of 2023, there have been significant changes in the business licensing system and environmental protection instruments, including the integration of environmental approval into risk-based business licensing as regulated in Articles 22 and 23. In the context of oil palm plantations in Sumatra, these changes in norms have legal implications for the fulfillment of business actors' legal obligations in environmental protection and management. This study aims to analyze the impact of oil palm plantation exploitation in Sumatra from an environmental law perspective, particularly in relation to legal violations based on the normative framework of applicable laws and regulations after the enactment of the Job Creation Law.

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is characterized by low pH and high concentrations of heavy metals such as iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) that exceed environmental quality standards, thus requiring effective treatment to prevent environmental pollution. This study aims to evaluate the ability of a mixture of activated carbon derived from pineapple leaves mixed with coal to increase pH and reduce Fe, Mn, and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) levels in acid mine drainage at PT Alreksa Bara Mitra. The process to make activated carbon involved preparation, carbonization, and activation processes on the pineapple leaves and coal separately. The following step is to mix but pineapple leaves and coal the has been activated. The treatment was conducted using an adsorption method with variations in adsorbent mass of 4 g, 8 g, and 12 g and a contact time of 30 minutes. The parameters analyzed included pH, Fe, Mn, and TSS before and after treatment, and the results were compared with the quality standards stipulated in Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 05/2022. The results showed that the characteristics of the activated carbon mixture met the SNI 06-3730-1995 standard. Increasing the adsorbent mass contributed to the rise in pH from 5.5 to near the acceptable range of 6–9 and significantly reduced Fe, Mn, and TSS concentrations below the permitted limits.The findings indicate that the mixture of pineapple leaf- and coal-based activated carbon is an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly alternative adsorbent for acid mine drainage treatment.

Cooking oil is a staple food widely used in daily cooking. However, repeated use of cooking oil, resulting in its conversion into used cooking oil, can have negative impacts on both health and the environment. Used cooking oil that has changed color and quality is carcinogenic and has the potential to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease if consumed again. Furthermore, improper disposal of used cooking oil can cause environmental pollution because it is difficult to decompose. This study aims to examine the wise management of household waste, especially used cooking oil, by utilizing it into products with utility value. One form of utilization is processing used cooking oil into environmentally friendly soap for laundry purposes. This activity was carried out as a form of community service through training in making soap from used cooking oil with the addition of essential oils for aromatherapy for residents of Pasar Rawa Village, Gebang District, Langkat Regency. The research method used was qualitative, with observation and direct participation in the training activities. The results showed that participants, particularly housewives, demonstrated high enthusiasm and were actively involved in both the presentation and the soap-making practices. This activity not only raised public awareness of the importance of managing used cooking oil waste but also provided new skills that have the potential to support family economic growth.

This research aims to examine the impact of integrating cleaner production practices with green supply chain technologies as a comprehensive approach to achieving environmental sustainability. The study highlights that cleaner production and green supply chain management represent advanced, innovative strategies that have emerged as a response to the growing environmental challenges caused by the rapid expansion and diversification of industrial activities. These technologies are not only environmentally oriented but also carry significant economic implications for organizations. The findings emphasize that adopting cleaner production involves minimizing waste generation, improving production efficiency, and ensuring that processes are designed to have minimal adverse effects on the environment. On the other hand, green supply chain technologies focus on integrating environmental thinking into every stage of the supply chain—ranging from product design, material sourcing, and manufacturing processes to logistics, product delivery, and end-of-life management. The study concludes that the synergy between these two approaches provides multiple benefits. From an environmental perspective, they contribute to reducing carbon emissions, particularly from fuel-powered machinery and transportation systems. They also promote the rational use of resources, including energy, water, and raw materials, thereby helping to preserve natural resources for future generations. From an economic perspective, their implementation leads to reduced operational costs by enhancing efficiency, decreasing waste disposal expenses, and optimizing resource usage. Furthermore, the integration of cleaner production and green supply chain technologies supports compliance with environmental regulations and enhances the corporate image of economic units, enabling them to gain competitive advantages in increasingly eco-conscious markets. Overall, the research affirms that these practices are essential tools for confronting and mitigating the environmental pollution challenges of modern industries, while simultaneously fostering sustainable economic growth and long-term environmental protection.

Waste cooking oil that is disposed of without treatment can cause environmental pollution and endanger human health if continuously ignored. One innovative solution with economic value to address this problem is by producing mosquito-repellent aromatherapy candles. This activity, titled “LAMITA,” was carried out through entrepreneurship training and socialization provided to students and MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) in Banyumuncar, Banyuraden Village, Gamping, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The training introduced techniques for processing unused cooking oil into eco-friendly mosquito-repellent aromatherapy candles, while also developing participants’ entrepreneurial skills. Students and MSME actors were guided step by step, starting from oil purification, mixing natural essential oils, to candle molding and packaging. The purpose of this activity was not only to promote environmental awareness but also to encourage creativity and innovation in producing high-value products from waste materials. The results showed that participants gained increased knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship, as well as awareness of the importance of managing waste responsibly. This activity highlights that entrepreneurship training combined with environmental sustainability can empower communities to generate economic benefits while contributing to health and ecological protection.

Development study of the planning strategy of the Lumpue Beach tourism area located in Parepare City, South Sulawesi. The main focus of the study is to identify existing attractions, infrastructure conditions, and apply development planning strategies with a SWOT approach. Lumpue Beach is a coastal area that has interesting ecological and aesthetic values, but has not been exploited as a tourist destination. The approach used in this study is qualitative descriptive, which is complemented by quantitative data obtained through surveys, interviews, secondary as well as primary data from the concerned institutions. The analysis shows that Lumpue Beach has great potential with its ecological, natural beauty, local culture, and easy access. Its notable weaknesses include: lack of supporting facilities, environmental cleanliness, and absence of government and private sector coordination to plan the development of the area. As for the opportunity for increased interest in marine tourism, as a strategic area of Parepare City, there is also the support of local tourism agencies, such as Pokdarwis. Then the threats that must be addressed, including: environmental pollution and exploitation of areas there is no coordination of government and private parties. of this study include the sustainable and integrated development of Pipda and the urban spatial plan of Parepare, the improvement of facilities and infrastructure, the involvement of local communities, as well as the promotion of Panatai Tourism destination through digital platforms. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the City government and stakeholders in planning sustainable Lumpue Beach tourism area development strategies integrated with Parepare municipal regulations.

Pogalan Village in Pakis District, Central Java, is known as a horticultural agricultural center, with abundant vegetable production every year. However, behind this potential, this village faces a serious problem in the form of large amounts of organic waste generated from harvest residue and agricultural processing. Waste that is not managed properly has the potential to cause environmental pollution, reduce the village's aesthetics, and become a source of disease spread. To address these problems, the Tidar University Community Service Program (KKN-50) Team conducted a socialization activity for Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot cultivation as an environmentally friendly and economically valuable organic waste management solution. BSF maggots have been proven to decompose organic waste by up to 60% in a short time and produce useful by-products, such as dried maggots as high-protein animal feed and kasgot (used maggots) that can be used as organic fertilizer. The activity was held on July 31, 2025, at the Pogalan Village Hall, with the main participants being PKK mothers as agents of change at the household and community levels. The implementation method included initial observation of the village's potential and problems, creation of a maggot cultivation prototype, theoretical material outreach, and live demonstrations of the cultivation process. The material provided covered the BSF life cycle, cultivation techniques, selection of growing media, maggot population management, and utilization of cultivation products. The results of the activity showed high enthusiasm from participants, as reflected in the many questions and discussions during the training session, as well as their increased understanding of the benefits and techniques of maggot cultivation.