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This systematic review examines the effectiveness of antenatal classes in improving pregnant women's attitudes towards stunting prevention. The review analyzed 28 studies published between 2018 and 2023, focusing on developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia. The methodology followed PRISMA guidelines, utilizing multiple academic databases. The analysis revealed that structured antenatal classes significantly improved maternal knowledge about stunting (68% increase in knowledge scores) and led to positive behavioral changes in nutritional practices. Regular attendance at comprehensive antenatal classes was associated with better pregnancy outcomes, with participants showing 75% higher rates of implementing recommended nutritional guidelines. Key success factors included regular class frequency, interactive teaching methods, cultural sensitivity, and strong community support. However, significant challenges were identified, including resource limitations, access barriers, and cultural resistance. The review highlighted successful adaptations such as hybrid learning models and community-based approaches. Recommendations include strengthening program design through evidence-based approaches, enhancing community engagement, developing sustainable funding mechanisms, and implementing robust monitoring systems. This review underscores the vital role of antenatal classes in stunting prevention while emphasizing the need for continued research to address existing challenges and enhance program effectiveness across diverse settings.

This study aims to analyze the role of crowdfunding, impact investing, zakat, and waqf as alternative financing in supporting sustainable development in Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with a case study approach based on secondary data from literature and empirical reports. The results show that crowdfunding mobilizes community funds for environmental projects such as mangrove conservation in Kalimantan, significantly reducing carbon emissions. Impact investing supports strategic sectors like Islamic fintech and affordable housing, creating both social and financial impact. Zakat contributes to improved welfare through skills training and healthcare services, while waqf supports the development of sustainable social infrastructure. However, the management of zakat and waqf faces challenges in transparency and public participation. This study bridges the literature gap with empirical evidence highlighting the effectiveness of alternative financing in sustainable development. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a strategic integration of alternative financing to accelerate the achievement of sustainable development goals in an inclusive manner.

This community service is carried out with the aim of improving marketing skills in using social media or internet media in the Pesantren sub-district community, Mijen district, Semarang. Digital marketing has become crucial for business actors in the digital era, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs) who want to increase their market share effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this service is to help SMEs in Semarang City understand and implement digital marketing strategies, and digital advertising. Through training and coaching, SMEs learn the importance of producing high-quality content, interacting with customers online, and utilizing analytical data to increase the effectiveness of marketing campaigns. The results of the activity show that SMEs have become more knowledgeable and proficient in handling digital platforms, and that the implementation of recommended strategies has increased engagement and revenue.

Delayed development is a condition when there is a delay in the child's growth and development process in one or more areas compared to children of the same age. Delayed development in the motor aspect is a significant lag in physical, including physical activities in daily life such as crawling, sitting, standing and walking in children when compared to normal children of the same age. To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Complete Neurosenso, General Massage, Patterning, Balance Exercise, and Approximation. The evaluation results showed an increase in gross motor skills in children. A 21-month-old child was diagnosed with Motor Delay when first treated, the child could not walk a few steps and standing had to have a handhold, after undergoing routine physiotherapy 3 times a week, now the child can walk a few steps without a handhold.

Introduction: ED (Eating Disorders) is one of the most difficult mental disorders to treat and treat, and the cost is even higher than schizophrenia. Secondary somatic complications due to malnutrition, severe weight loss and low levels of micronutrients. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Neurosenso Komplit, General Massage, Patterning, Play Therapy, Brain Gym, Oral Reflex Stimulation. Method: A single-subject study was conducted on a 22-month-old child with ED. Results: The results of the sensory examination evaluation showed an increase in sensory in the child. Conclusion: A 22-month-old child was diagnosed with Eating Disorder, initially given physiotherapy, the child did not want to eat rice at all, only wanted to drink milk and sometimes the child liked to hit and bite, but after doing routine physiotherapy and home programs, now the child is willing to feed 15 mouthfuls of rice and focus on the child has also begun to exist and the child's balance is increasing.

Drug abuse is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Mandangin Island Village, Sampang Regency. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a legal education program as a preventive measure for drug abuse at MI Miftahul Ulum. The six-month program involved lectures, interactive discussions, and legal case simulations. The research methodology included data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations to assess improvements in students' knowledge and attitudes towards drugs. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students' knowledge regarding the legal aspects of drug abuse, with the average score increasing by 30% after attending the program. Participant responses showed high enthusiasm and a better understanding of the legal consequences. However, challenges such as limited time and resources need to be addressed to improve the effectiveness of the program. Recommendations for improvement include expanding time and resource allocation and integrating the program with other prevention efforts. The program is expected to serve as a model for the implementation of legal education in other educational settings to increase drug awareness and prevention more broadly.

Drug abuse is a significant public health issue in Indonesia, especially in rural areas such as Mandangin Island Village, Sampang Regency. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a legal education program as a preventive measure for drug abuse at MI Miftahul Ulum. The six-month program involved lectures, interactive discussions, and legal case simulations. The research methodology included data collection through questionnaires, interviews, and observations to assess improvements in students' knowledge and attitudes towards drugs. The results showed that there was a significant increase in students' knowledge regarding the legal aspects of drug abuse, with the average score increasing by 30% after attending the program. Participant responses showed high enthusiasm and a better understanding of the legal consequences. However, challenges such as limited time and resources need to be addressed to improve the effectiveness of the program. Recommendations for improvement include expanding time and resource allocation and integrating the program with other prevention efforts. The program is expected to serve as a model for the implementation of legal education in other educational settings to increase drug awareness and prevention more broadly.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of BPOM’s mentoring programs for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the natural medicine and cosmetics sectors in navigating complex regulatory requirements to obtain product licenses. Despite the strategic role of MSMEs in supporting Indonesia’s economy, regulatory compliance remains a significant challenge, particularly due to limited resources and market access. Previous studies have highlighted the need for adaptive regulatory approaches and mentoring programs, but gaps remain in evaluating their long-term impact and inclusivity. This study offers novelty by analyzing the program’s effectiveness across diverse demographic and educational backgrounds, providing evidence-based insights into its impact. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data were collected through surveys involving 35 MSME participants from the “Rembuk UMKM” event. The Likert-scale questionnaire assessed regulatory understanding, program effectiveness, and its impact on license readiness. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, generating insights into participant perceptions. The findings show that the mentoring program is most effective among younger participants (aged 18–25 years), scoring 4.53, while maintaining high effectiveness scores across all age groups. Educational background analysis revealed the highest scores (5.00) from vocational high school (SMK) and master’s (S2) participants, highlighting the program’s inclusivity and adaptability. However, team competence scored relatively lower (4.26), indicating the need for continuous capacity building. The study concludes that BPOM’s mentoring programs significantly enhance MSME compliance and build long-term trust, with strategic recommendations for continuous training, technology-based module development, regional collaborations, and structured feedback mechanisms. These initiatives aim to strengthen program relevance and sustainability, supporting MSMEs in achieving regulatory compliance and contributing to national economic growth.

This research is based on the fact that feelings of anxiety, sadness, low self-esteem, anger, and doubt are all factors that greatly influence the effectiveness of students' Arabic learning. Apart from that, students' behavior is also greatly influenced by their mood; some students have problems outside of school, such as in the family and community, so they are not motivated to study and learn more. The aim of this research is to determine how much influence mental health has on how well students learn Arabic. The research instrument was tested on 25 students, so the author took a sample of 100% of the population so that the sample size was 25 students. The research results showed that the correlation test obtained was 0.748 with a significance of 0.000. This means that there is a positive correlation between mental health and student learning effectiveness with a good relationship level because P < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Meanwhile, the T test (Hypothesis) T count is 15,465 while the T table is 2,069, meaning 15,466 > 2,069, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is an influence of mental health on the effectiveness of students' Arabic learning.    

 Central Java was recorded as the area with the highest fire rate in the period from January 1 to July 24 2023, with 637 cases recorded. In 2018, a fire hit Agustinus Junior High School, at Semarang City. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of implementing a fire disaster preparedness simulation in increasing the knowledge and attitudes of Agustinus Middle School residents regarding fire disasters. The research design used was a quasi experiment with a quantitative approach. This research used a one group pretest-posttest design. In this research design, the entire population is used as research respondents. The pretest was given before the fire disaster simulation activity began and the posttest was given after all respondents carried out the fire disaster simulation activity. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed with wilcoxon test. The results of the research show that there is an effect of implementing a fire disaster preparedness simulation on the knowledge and attitudes of Agustinius Junior High School residents with a wilcoxon p value of 0.000 and there is an increase in the knowledge of the school community by 24.3% and the attitude of the school community by 34% compared to before the simulation. This research suggests that schools should hold regular disaster preparedness simulations at least once a year and collaborate with related professional institutions to increase the capability and effectiveness of school emergency response teams in handling emergency situations.

Background. The paradigm of treatment using herbal plants is still attached to the Indonesian people for wound healing. One of the plants that is often used for treatment and has the effect of accelerating wound, is the binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia). The aim of this study is to determine the effect of hydrogel of binahong leaf extract (Anredera Cordifolia(Ten.) Stennis) on the healing of incisional wounds in wistar rats. Method. This study uses a True Experimental research design with the Post Test Only Control Group Design method. The samples were 30 wistar Rattus norvegicus rats, divided into 5 groups, namely: K (control group), P1 (was given 10% puvidone iodine ointment), P2 (was given 5% binahong leaf extract hydrogel), P3 (was given 10% binahong leaf extract hydrogel), P4 (was given 20% binahong leaf extract hydrogel). The treatment was carried out for 14 days. Wound examination was carried out on days 1,3,6,9,12,14. The REEDA score parameter were used to assess wound healing. Result. The bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon paired difference test in each experimental group showed a significant difference only in group P2 (was given 5% binahong leaf extract hydrogel) with group K (control group), group P1 (was given 10% puvidone iodine ointment) and group P2 (was given 5% binahong leaf extract hydrogel) during days 12 and 14. incision wound compared to groups P3 and P4 on the same day. The average score of the REEDA scale on days 1,3,6,9,12, and 14, the most significant incisional wound healing in wistar rats was given hydrogel binahong leaf extract with a concentration of 5%. Conclusion. There is an effectiveness of healing incision wounds in wistar rats by giving hydrogel binahong leaf extract. The hydrogel binahong leaf extract 5% is the most significant concentration assessed from the average REEDA scale score.

Stress and burnout among healthcare workers represent a global crisis with significant implications for psychological and physical health, job performance, and interpersonal skills. These conditions are linked to anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, substance use, poor quality of life, digestive disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Burnout is characterized by emotional fatigue, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, often caused by chronic workplace stress. Factors such as demographics, fatigue, and resilience influence its development and severity. Traditional stress management interventions, such as counselling and leave, often prove insufficient in addressing these challenges. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) provide innovative tools for stress and burnout management, including mobile applications offering mindfulness, meditation, and self-care resources. AI systems like IBM Watson and Google DeepMind are being tested to enhance accessibility and effectiveness in stress management. Additionally, Stress Inoculation Training (SIT), involving methods such as meditation, yoga, cognitive-behavioural therapy, and biofeedback, has been recognized as a proactive approach to mitigating stress. This review explores the factors contributing to stress and burnout in healthcare workers and evaluates interventions aimed at improving well-being and productivity, emphasizing the potential of AI and SIT in preventing and managing these conditions.

Indonesia is a country rich in useful biodiversity, such as red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K.Schum). The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the compounds isolated from the red galangal rhizome is the beginning of a new innovation to implement the concept on plants. The content of 1,8 sineol and eugenol in it makes red galangal rhizome can be used as a fungicide on lettuce plants. The widespread use of chemical-based pesticides can harm farmers and the environment with repeated exposure and over a long period of time. So biofungicide innovation is needed that can support the concept of Green Chemistry. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of red galangal rhizome extract as a fungicide on lettuce plants, as well as to analyze and determine under what conditions the fungicide from red galangal rhizome extract is optimal in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments. All data were tested for normality followed by homogeneity test and all data were found to be normally distributed and homogeneous. Data were analyzed with parametric statistical tests using one-way ANOVA tests and further tests using Tukey with an error rate of 10% to determine whether there was an effect of the treatment tested on the material. The results of this study indicate that red galangal rhizome extract is effective in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants with an optimum concentration of 50%.

PKK organization, comprised of women (wives as husbands' companions), plays a strategic role in household management, including influencing the behavior of their husbands. The objective of this writing is to analyze the role of PKK members in preventing the abuse of power by husbands. A qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytic method is capable of integrating the theory of the welfare state and the concept of abuse of power in public services. The method used in this community service is a participatory method through Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The research results show that PKK has a strategic position in preventing abuse of power through four main functions: monitoring government programs at the grassroots level, empowering the community through education and socialization, mediating between the community and government, and strengthening good governance. The effectiveness of the PKK role is supported by an organizational structure that extends to the RT/RW level and a strong social network in the community. This research recommends the importance of strengthening the capacity of PKK cadres, developing an integrated reporting system, and increasing coordination with formal supervisory bodies. PKK not only plays a role in improving family welfare but also becomes a strategic partner for the government in preventing abuse of power, supporting the realization of clean governance and quality public services

During pregnancy, a woman must be able to adapt to various physical changes that often occur and can cause uncomfortable conditions, such as back pain which begins to be felt in the second and third trimesters. If this condition is not treated immediately, it can cause anxiety and disruption to the pregnant woman's activities. As a way to reduce complaints of back pain, pregnant women can do prenatal gentle yoga exercises. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing pain in the lower back of pregnant women at the Ngletih Community Health Center, Kediri City. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing pain in the lower back of pregnant women at the Ngletih Community Health Center, Kediri City. Research method: This research adopted a quantitative design with a Pre-Experimental design, using the One Group Pretest-Posttest method. The sample of pregnant women in the second and third trimesters was 31 respondents. The sampling method involved Total Sampling and the use of a pain level measuring tool with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), while data analysis used the Wilcoxon Test. Research Results: Before carrying out prenatal yoga exercises, the majority of pregnant women felt lower back pain on a mild scale, the number of respondents was 17 (54.8%). After doing prenatal yoga exercises twice in 2 weeks, the majority of pregnant women no longer felt back pain, the number of respondents was 18 pregnant women (58%). The p-value of the analysis using the Wilcoxon test is 0.000.

The Komunitas Harapan in Kauman Village, Semarang, was established to address social issues among children, including the lack of social skills due to the influence of a harsh environment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of role-playing and modeling methods in improving the social skills of children in the community. The method used is a quantitative approach with an action research model, involving 11 child subjects ranging from kindergarten to elementary school age. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and pre-tests and post-tests. The analysis results show an increase in social skills that is not statistically significant, with a difference of 11.82 points between the average pre-test and post-test scores. However, qualitative observations reveal a positive impact, including increased responsiveness to instructions and mastery of basic social skills such as apologizing. In conclusion, although the quantitative results were not significant, this intervention has a positive impact on the development of children's social skills, which requires more time and a deeper approach for optimal results

This community service aims to optimize bank management in Mengwi Village, Mengwi Regency in an effort to increase efficiency, effectiveness and positive impacts from the existence of waste banks in waste management, which steps will provide efforts for community empowerment and participation. The implementation method used in this service is training, mentoring and evaluation by delivering material directly to the Waste Bank manager in Mengwi Village which is also used as an object of service.The problem faced during the survey was how to raise awareness and involvement of the community to take an active role in the waste bank program. It is hoped that this training and mentoring activity will provide management with education and understanding to the community so that they can work together to maximize the contribution of the waste bank in an effort to manage waste from origin using the 3 R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), which ultimately aims to reduce the volume of waste entering the waste bank. landfill, increasing environmental awareness and impacting community welfare. The response from the Mengwi Village Waste Bank management to this activity was very good and positive, this can be seen from the management's willingness to participate in the activity from start to finish. From the evaluation activities carried out on waste bank managers, it can be said that managers understand the material regarding the importance of providing understanding to the community to participate in developing waste banks. Where in their involvement, the community not only gets a healthy environment, but from an economic perspective, the community also gets benefits by having savings on tires. The savings can later be exchanged for basic necessities such as rice, sugar and coffee.

The issue of waste, especially plastic waste, has become a crucial problem in Indonesia, leading to ecosystem damage and environmental pollution. SDN 2 Cikalang, located in Tasikmalaya City, is one of the schools that has not yet implemented optimal plastic waste management. An Ecobrick outreach program was conducted to enhance the knowledge of fifth-grade students about plastic waste management through Ecobrick innovation. An Ecobrick is a plastic bottle filled tightly with plastic waste, which can be used as a construction material to replace bricks. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Ecobrick outreach program in increasing students' knowledge of plastic waste management. The research methods included pre-test, material delivery, hands-on practice, and post-test. The evaluation results showed a 45% increase in students' knowledge, with a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores (p value = 0.000). This indicates that a hands-on education approach is effective in improving students' understanding of plastic waste management through Ecobrick.

This study aims to evaluate effectiveness of health education on public perception and knowledge regarding the use of garlic extract to reduce cholesterol in Suco Seloi Malere Aldeia Namanei Posto Administrativo Aileu Municipiu Aileu in 2024. This research uses a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach. Data was collected from the community in Suco Seloi Malere Aldeia Namanei Posto Administrativo Aileu Municipiu Aileu in 2024 through questionnaires before and after being given health education.  Before education, 62% of respondents had moderate knowledge; After education, 64% of respondents had high knowledge about the use of garlic extract to lower cholesterol. Before education, 60% of respondents had a moderate perception; After education, 62% of respondents showed an increase in perception to high perception. Before education, 38% of respondents had little experience, after education, 98% of respondents had good experience regarding the use of garlic extract to lower cholesterol. Before education, the majority of respondents (60%) had a secondary education level. After education, the proportion of respondents with a secondary education level remained stable at 60%. Before education, 40% of respondents felt a high cultural influence regarding the use of garlic extract. After education, this figure increases to 70%.  The health education provided is effective in increasing public knowledge and perception regarding the use of garlic extract to lower cholesterol.

This study explores the potential of breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) as a raw material in making skin care soap. Breadfruit leaves are known to contain active compounds such as saponins and flavonoids that have antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant properties. This study aims to test the effectiveness of breadfruit leaf extract in improving the quality of skin care soap. In addition, this study also highlights the use of breadfruit trees at SDN Kutisari 2 Surabaya, which is one of the Adiwiyata schools. This school utilizes the environment as a means of learning and maintaining the existence of plants, including breadfruit trees, which function as a source of food and traditional medicine. The results showed that soap with breadfruit leaf extract had better cleaning quality and hydrating ability compared to soap without extract. These findings indicate that breadfruit leaves can be a useful ingredient in making skin care products, as well as providing inspiration for the development of more natural and effective soap products, and supporting efforts to conserve natural resources in the school environment.