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Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is an Islamic microfinance institution that plays an essential role in expanding financial access for low-income communities and supporting sustainable economic development. This article aims to analyze the role of BMT as an inclusive monetary instrument within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study employs a library research approach with descriptive-analytical methods based on secondary data from books, academic journals, research reports, and official documents. The findings show that BMT significantly contributes to financial inclusion through real-sector-based Islamic financing, especially for micro-enterprises and low-income households. Moreover, BMT’s social function—realized through the management of zakat, infaq, and sadaqah—strengthens income redistribution, poverty alleviation, and community welfare. BMT supports several SDG targets, particularly in reducing poverty, creating decent employment, developing MSMEs, and minimizing socioeconomic inequality. However, the optimization of BMT’s role still faces challenges such as limited capital, governance constraints, digital transformation, and institutional strengthening. Therefore, synergy between BMT, the government, regulators, and the community is needed to enhance BMT’s contribution as an inclusive, sustainable, and Sharia-compliant economic development agent.

This study examines the strategic role of Islamic banking in expanding financial inclusion and alleviating poverty in Indonesia. Using a qualitative literature review methodology, this research analyzes academic literature, regulations, and official reports to identify the contributions, challenges, and optimization strategies of Islamic banking. Findings indicate that Islamic banking provides financing alternatives aligned with Islamic values through products such as mudharabah, musyarakah, and murabahah, enabling low-income communities to access capital without interest burdens. The management of Islamic social funds including zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf strengthens social capital for micro-enterprise empowerment. However, significant barriers exist, including low Islamic financial literacy, limited access in remote areas, and suboptimal regulations. This study recommends enhancing financial literacy, developing technology-based inclusive products, strengthening supportive regulations, and fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration to optimize the role of Islamic banking as an instrument for inclusive and equitable economic development in Indonesia. The research contributes to the theoretical understanding of Islamic banking's potential in addressing financial exclusion and poverty while providing practical insights for policymakers and banking institutions.

Global economic developments show the acceleration of the adoption of circular business models, where resource efficiency and waste reduction are the main focuses to answer sustainability demands and SDGs targets. Although this trend is strengthening globally, MSMEs, especially those based on family businesses, are still lagging behind in their implementation, even though digitalization is increasingly opening up opportunities for operational optimization and innovation. The urgency of this research arises from the need to understand how the digital mindset and transformation of family business management can accelerate the readiness of MSMEs in implementing circular business practices. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of the three strategic concepts into a single analytical framework through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), a perspective that has rarely been combined in previous studies. With the SLR method based on the PRISMA protocol, this study shows that MSMEs already have a strong foundation in the digital mindset, including technology readiness, innovation orientation, and adaptation of digital business models. Family business values have also been proven to support business continuity through knowledge transfer and long-term investment. However, the implementation of circular business practices is still weak, especially in resource cycle management, sustainable product design, and environmental impact measurement. The implication is that the synergy of digital mindset and family business governance can strengthen the transition of MSMEs to a circular economy that directly supports the achievement of the SDGs, especially in the areas of sustainable consumption-production and industrial innovation.

This study aims to analyze the influence of the General Allocation Fund (DAU), the Special Allocation Fund (DAK), and the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) on the poverty rate in North Sumatra Province. The method used is multiple linear regression analysis using secondary data from 2004 to 2023. The results show that the DAU has a negative and significant effect on the poverty rate, meaning that the greater the DAU allocation, the lower the poverty rate in the province. Conversely, the DAK has a positive and significant effect on the poverty rate, indicating that an increase in DAK is actually followed by an increase in the poverty rate. Meanwhile, GRDP shows a negative effect on the poverty rate, but the effect is not significant. The coefficient of determination obtained shows that the DAU, DAK, and GRDP are able to explain variations in the poverty rate in North Sumatra Province. Simultaneously, the test results show that all three variables have a significant effect on the poverty rate. These findings suggest the importance of proper management of fund allocation and optimization of regional economic sectors to reduce poverty effectively.

Research on digital payment systems has grown rapidly over the past decades; however, comprehensive and in‑depth studies that synthesize existing empirical findings remain limited. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on digital payment research based on empirical publications indexed in Scopus. Using the keyword “Digital Payment” in the article title, abstract, and keywords, a total of 485 documents published between 1989 and 2025 were identified. The evaluation was conducted on November 30, 2025, and the collected data were analyzed using bibliometric techniques with VOSviewer software. The findings reveal a significant surge in digital payment research beginning in 2016, with its peak occurring during 2023–2025, in line with the accelerating digital economic transformation worldwide. Knowledge production has shifted toward emerging economies—particularly India, Indonesia, and Malaysia—supported by dense inter‑institutional and inter‑author collaboration networks. Research themes have expanded beyond technical payment system aspects to interdisciplinary issues involving technology, finance, financial inclusion, human behavior, public policy, and the application of machine learning for security and system optimization. Journal sources, affiliations, authors, and keyword analyses confirm that digital payments have become essential infrastructure for the modern economy and a rich empirical domain for advanced studies on financial stability, consumer protection, regulation, and digital financial innovation.

This study aims to examine the implementation of Qardhul Hasan in Islamic Microfinance Institutions (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil – BMT) in Indonesia through the perspective of qard and ‘Ariyah contracts. The research applies a qualitative descriptive approach using a library research method. Data were collected from scholarly articles, books, and Islamic finance regulations, then analyzed to assess the alignment between fiqh al-mu‘āmalah principles and real-world practices. The findings reveal that qardhul hasan plays a vital role in community empowerment and in promoting Islamic financial inclusion. However, its implementation still faces several obstacles, including high non-performing financing rates, limited social funds, weak sharia supervision standards, and low literacy in fiqh mu‘āmalah among BMT managers. On the other hand, there are significant opportunities for development through digital transformation, human resource capacity building, optimization of social funds (ZISWAF), and the strengthening of regulations based on maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This study proposes an integrative model combining qard and ‘ariyah contracts as an alternative approach to enhance the social function of BMTs while maintaining financial sustainability.

This article examines the operational management model of villages in Garut Regency, West Java, by emphasizing four key dimensions: governance, digital innovation, community participation, and the optimization of local resources. The study explores how the integration of participatory governance, technological innovation, and local potential can strengthen the effectiveness of village development and build an adaptive, sustainable governance system in the era of digital transformation. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, the research analyzes scientific publications and policy documents sourced from international databases such as Scopus and Web of Science, as well as national references including the 2025–2030 Garut Regency Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) and reports from the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration. From an initial pool of 126 publications, 32 primary sources were examined through thematic coding to identify patterns, relationships, and key insights related to village governance, multi-actor collaboration, and public service digitalization. The findings reveal that good governance enhances transparency and accountability, digital innovation improves efficiency and data-driven decision-making, community participation strengthens social legitimacy, and the optimization of local resources supports sustainable economic value creation. These elements form the “Integrative Operational Management Model for Garut Villages,” which emphasizes adaptive collaboration and data-based management. The study also proposes practical strategies related to digital capacity-building, participatory planning, and applied research.

Effective waste management is a crucial challenge in maintaining environmental cleanliness and sustainability, especially in rural areas. This study aims to analyze the development of waste banks as a sustainable waste management solution in Jl Sosro GG 1001 Village. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through field observations, in-depth interviews with residents and waste bank managers, and documentation of activities. The results of the study show that the existence of waste banks is able to increase public awareness in sorting and managing household waste. In addition, the social and economic impacts caused are quite significant, such as the formation of work groups, increased additional income, and strengthening the value of mutual cooperation. However, there are a number of challenges that hinder program optimization, including limited operational facilities, lack of continuity of community participation, and lack of technical support from local governments. To overcome this, a capacity building strategy is needed through continuous training, provision of supporting facilities, and cross-sector collaboration. The waste bank in Jl Sosro GG 1001 Village has great potential to be used as a model of sustainable community-based waste management, if supported by a joint commitment between residents, the government, and other stakeholders.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a very important and strategic role in supporting the overall economic structure, with a contribution of 61.97% to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, MSMEs, especially in rural areas, still face fundamental challenges, such as a lack of understanding and implementation of modern marketing and digital technologies. This service focuses on strategic efforts to empower Rengginang Ibu Saliem MSMEs in Dolok Kahean Village through a digital transformation program. The method used is descriptive qualitative Action Research, designed for direct program implementation and evaluation. The results of the pre-intervention showed that there was a severe digital gap in Rengginang products, although they had a tested taste, but still relied on traditional marketing models. Strategic intervention is carried out through two main pillars, namely, branding optimization by creating the trademark "Rengginang Huta" and a professional logo. Then the implementation of digital marketing through the construction of a virtual storefront on @rengginanghuta_ibusaliem's Instagram account. This program has succeeded in transforming these MSMEs into entities that are ready to compete in the digital ecosystem, in line with the statement that digitalization is the main imperative for MSMEs to survive. However, the evaluation stage identifies the issue of sustainability and digital independence as the next challenge. Long-term success requires more intensive post-program mentoring, focusing on digital operational management, to ensure independence and achieve real impact on improvement in Dolok Kahean Village.

Indonesia is currently experiencing rapid and dynamic development, especially in the field of Sharia insurance. Sharia insurance has become an increasingly important and strategic sector in the Indonesian financial industry. This significant development is clearly reflected in data showing notable and consistent growth in the contribution of Sharia insurance to the overall insurance industry in the country. Sharia insurance is an economic activity that aims to help (ta'awun) and share risks (sharing of risk) among fellow participants in a mutually beneficial manner. Optimizing Sharia operational systems is a both a concept and practical approach to managing the operations of financial institutions or businesses based on Islamic or Sharia principles. The research method used in this study is a descriptive method based on a qualitative approach. The type of research undertaken is literature research, conducted by utilizing literature (references). This research aims to identify various challenges faced in Sharia insurance operational systems.

This research aims to analyze the optimization of digital marketing in increasing the competitiveness of Bank Jateng, formulate the main challenges in the implementation of digital-based public service innovations, and develop an integration strategy between digital marketing and public service innovation to strengthen the role of Bank Jateng in regional economic development. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews with 11 informants and distribution of questionnaires to 96 respondents. The results of the study show that digital marketing optimization is able to increase competitiveness through integrated strategies between divisions, increasing content creativity, and strengthening analytics systems for performance evaluation. However, the main challenges faced include the digital capability gap and the need to improve the quality of responsive services. The implementation of digital innovation is multidimensional, including internal coordination that is not optimal, limited product diversification, digital service gaps, and data management that has not been integrated. The strategy of integrating digital marketing and public services requires a holistic approach through organizational capacity building, financial performance optimization, market reach expansion, and continuous innovation. Collaboration between divisions and strong leadership is key in supporting financial inclusion and regional economic growth. This research provides strategic recommendations for Bank Jateng in facing the increasingly dynamic competition of the banking industry in the digital era.

Pupus Tourism Village in Ponorogo Regency is a pioneering tourist village endowed with diverse natural, economic, and cultural potential, yet its development remains constrained by limited infrastructure and insufficient utilization of digital technology. This condition has hindered the optimization of local attractions such as Mloko Sewu, Selorejo Waterfall, Mount Tapak Bimo trekking, as well as local products including palm sugar, coffee, porang, and goat milk in supporting the village economy. This study aims to analyze strategies for optimizing village potential through the application of Green Digital Management (GDM) as an effort to establish sustainable tourism business practices. A qualitative research approach was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the implementation of GDM can serve as a strategic approach for Pupus Tourism Village by integrating environmentally based digital promotion, strengthening eco-friendly creative economy initiatives, and revitalizing local culture such as the bersih desa ritual and communal work (gotong royong). The implications highlight the importance of collaboration between government, community, and tourism stakeholders in applying GDM to enhance the competitiveness of Pupus Tourism Village while simultaneously promoting sustainable economic, social, and ecological development.

The results of this study indicate that DT Peduli Jambi has not yet fully optimized the management of productive zakat, despite having a structured management system in place. Based on data analysis, several key factors were identified as obstacles to optimization. First, there is a lack of public trust in the institution, as reflected in the absence of significant growth in zakat collection over the past three years. This condition highlights the need for more effective communication and transparency strategies. Second, administrative challenges remain, such as a record-keeping system that is not yet fully integrated digitally and limited human resources with expertise in managing productive zakat. Third, resistance to change among beneficiaries persists, with approximately 30% refusing to adopt modern business management methods offered by the program. Fourth, there is a high dependency on assistance, with 40% of beneficiaries still heavily reliant on institutional mentoring. Fifth, participation in training programs remains low, with an average attendance rate of only 65%. Nevertheless, overall the program is categorized as “fairly successful” with an achievement score of 70 out of 100. This indicates that productive zakat holds great potential to promote economic empowerment of the community but has not yet been maximized due to structural and cultural barriers. Therefore, improvements are needed in transparency, capacity building of human resources, as well as persuasive and participatory approaches for beneficiaries, so that the goal of economic empowerment through productive zakat can be more effectively realized.

This study aims to examine the implications of Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) Number 37 of 2025 on the national fiscal balance and the resilience of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the context of the rapid development of e-commerce in Indonesia. This PMK introduces a collect at the source mechanism, which is the appointment of certain marketplaces as collectors of Income Tax (PPh) Article 22 on online merchant transactions. This policy is seen as one of the strategic steps to expand the digital tax base, improve fiscal efficiency, and support the principle of compliance by design. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach through documentation studies of official government documents, academic literature, and relevant publications. The results of the study show that the implementation of PMK 37/2025 has the potential to have a positive impact on state revenue through digital taxation optimization. In addition, this policy can strengthen the fiscal balance by minimizing the potential for tax avoidance in the growing digital economy sector. However, on the other hand, the policy also poses a number of challenges for MSMEs, especially related to administrative readiness, limited fiscal literacy, and adaptability to the tax digitalization system. For most MSMEs, additional tax liabilities can be a burden that affects cash flow, competitiveness, and business sustainability, especially for MSMEs that are still in the growth stage and have limited resources. The policy implications identified include the importance of improving fiscal education and literacy programs, the development of user-friendly digital reporting systems, and active collaboration between fiscal authorities, marketplaces, and MSME actors. Thus, the success of the implementation of PMK 37/2025 is not only determined by regulations, but also by the extent to which the policy is able to be implemented in an inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable manner in supporting national economic development.

This community service activity was conducted in Sawahan Hamlet, Mojotengah Village, Kedu District, Temanggung Regency, with the primary objective of enhancing the health and productivity of sheep through the introduction and production of mineral block molasses as supplementary feed. Mineral block molasses is a nutrient-rich feed supplement designed to meet the mineral requirements of ruminants, particularly sheep, which are often not fully met by conventional forage. The program was implemented using a participatory method, beginning with a lecture session that provided theoretical knowledge regarding the benefits, composition, and formulation of mineral block molasses. This was followed by an interactive discussion session in which participants, mainly local sheep farmers, were encouraged to share challenges and constraints they face in livestock feeding management. The facilitators then provided practical problem-solving approaches tailored to the local context. The final stage involved a hands-on demonstration of the step-by-step process of producing mineral block molasses, enabling participants to observe and practice directly. The results of this activity showed that participants not only gained new knowledge about the nutritional importance of mineral supplementation but also developed the practical skills necessary to independently produce mineral block molasses for their livestock. This is expected to improve feed efficiency, promote better animal health, and increase livestock productivity. Furthermore, the activity fostered community awareness of sustainable livestock management practices and the economic benefits of producing feed supplements locally. In conclusion, this program successfully empowered the local farming community with both theoretical and practical competencies in mineral block molasses production, contributing to improved livestock performance and farmer welfare. The continuation of such initiatives is recommended to ensure long-term adoption and optimization of livestock feeding practices in the region.

This community service activity was conducted in Sawahan Hamlet, Mojotengah Village, Kedu District, Temanggung Regency, with the primary objective of enhancing the health and productivity of sheep through the introduction and production of mineral block molasses as supplementary feed. Mineral block molasses is a nutrient-rich feed supplement designed to meet the mineral requirements of ruminants, particularly sheep, which are often not fully met by conventional forage. The program was implemented using a participatory method, beginning with a lecture session that provided theoretical knowledge regarding the benefits, composition, and formulation of mineral block molasses. This was followed by an interactive discussion session in which participants, mainly local sheep farmers, were encouraged to share challenges and constraints they face in livestock feeding management. The facilitators then provided practical problem-solving approaches tailored to the local context. The final stage involved a hands-on demonstration of the step-by-step process of producing mineral block molasses, enabling participants to observe and practice directly. The results of this activity showed that participants not only gained new knowledge about the nutritional importance of mineral supplementation but also developed the practical skills necessary to independently produce mineral block molasses for their livestock. This is expected to improve feed efficiency, promote better animal health, and increase livestock productivity. Furthermore, the activity fostered community awareness of sustainable livestock management practices and the economic benefits of producing feed supplements locally. In conclusion, this program successfully empowered the local farming community with both theoretical and practical competencies in mineral block molasses production, contributing to improved livestock performance and farmer welfare. The continuation of such initiatives is recommended to ensure long-term adoption and optimization of livestock feeding practices in the region.

Urban space limitations and community economic empowerment needs present complex challenges in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation in densely populated areas. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of MSME empowerment programs through optimizing narrow alleys into productive economic centers in Duren Tiga Village, South Jakarta. Using mixed methods research with sequential explanatory design and CIPP evaluation model, the study involved 9 assisted MSMEs, PT PLN Puslitbang management, and related stakeholders during August 2024-July 2025 period. Results show that transformation of 200 m² narrow alley into Café Mini Forest successfully increased average MSME turnover by 67.9% and halal certification achievement by 88.9%. The program integrates "go global, go digital, go green" approach with multi-stakeholder partnership model contributing to SDGs 1, 8, 12, and 17. Spatial optimization innovation creates economic multiplier effects through 250% foot traffic increase and cost-efficient shared facilities. This model proves that community empowerment-based CSR can transform limited spaces into sustainable economic ecosystems, offering a replicable framework for similar urban empowerment programs.

Village cooperatives have a strategic role in driving local economic growth and improving community welfare. However, suboptimal managerial management is often a major obstacle in achieving these goals. This study aims to analyze and identify strategies to optimize economic managerial in village cooperatives in Melarmukti Village, North Cikarang District. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews with cooperative administrators, village officials, and local communities. The results showed that cooperatives in Melarmukti Village still face various challenges, such as the lack of managerial training, the lack of periodic evaluations, and low collaboration with external parties. Optimization can be done through increasing the capacity of cooperative human resources, implementing a periodic evaluation system, and establishing strategic partnerships with financial institutions and universities. With targeted and sustainable managerial improvements, village cooperatives have great potential to become economic drivers and improve community welfare at the local level.

Social and economic inequality in Indonesia is a multidimensional challenge that is not only reflected in the gap in income and wealth, but also in unequal access to education, health, and economic opportunities. The conventional economic system is considered ineffective in overcoming the problem of fair distribution of wealth, thus widening the gap between the rich and the poor. This article aims to analyze the concept of distributive justice in Islamic economics as a solution to social inequality in Indonesia, by highlighting the synergy of zakat, waqf, sharia financing instruments, and the role of government and society. The method used is a systematic literature review with a qualitative-narrative approach to various related academic works. The results of the study show that the application of the principle of distributive justice in Islamic economics through the optimization of zakat, waqf, and alms, as well as strengthening sharia economic regulations and literacy, can reduce social inequality and improve community welfare. The implementation of an inclusive and sustainable Islamic distribution model can reduce the Gini coefficient and strengthen social solidarity, although it still faces challenges in terms of regulation, literacy, and institutional coordination. The conclusion of the study confirms that Islamic economics offers concrete and holistic solutions to overcome social inequality in Indonesia through the integration of divine values, community participation, and state policies that support distributive justice.

This community service aims to foster and develop an entrepreneurial spirit among teenagers in Sanrobone Village, Takalar, through the optimization of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) based on local potential. Teenagers are identified as strategic assets that need to be empowered for economic independence and job creation. The method of implementing this activity adopts a participatory and educational-practical approach, including the preparation stage, implementation of training and mentoring, and monitoring and evaluation. A total of 35 teenagers from Sanrobone Village were actively involved in a series of basic entrepreneurship training, identification of local business opportunities, technical production skills workshops, and simple digital marketing. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in teenagers' understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship from just selling to creating value. They succeeded in identifying 15 potential business ideas from local resources and 20 teenagers were able to produce product prototypes from these ideas. In addition, the initiative to form five micro-business groups initiated by teenagers is clear evidence of the growth of motivation and collaboration. In conclusion, this program is effective in laying a strong foundation for the development of a youth entrepreneurship ecosystem in Sanrobone Village, which is supported by the potential of natural resources and the enthusiasm of the participants. It is recommended that there be ongoing mentoring, facilitation of access to micro-capital, strengthening of networks, and integration of entrepreneurship curriculum in schools to ensure the sustainability and long-term impact of the program.