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Background: Fever is a common side effect after infants receive DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus) immunization. This condition often causes concern for parents, so appropriate treatment is needed. Generally, fever can be treated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. One of the most widely used non-pharmacological treatments is warm compresses. However, innovations in the use of natural ingredients are starting to be noticed, one of which is dadap serep leaves which are thought to be more effective in helping to lower body temperature. The active compounds in dadap serep leaves are believed to provide a calming effect while helping vasodilation, so that body heat can be reduced more quickly. Methodology: This study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design of the non-equivalent pretest posttest control group design. The research subjects were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group who received dadap serep leaf compresses and the control group who received warm compresses. Body temperature measurements were taken before and after the intervention. The data obtained were analyzed using statistical tests to see the difference in temperature reduction in each group. Results: The intervention group showed a significant reduction in body temperature, namely 73.3%. In contrast, the control group using warm compresses only experienced a 20% reduction, which was not statistically significant. The results of the intergroup comparison test also showed a significant difference, supporting the research hypothesis. Conclusion: Dadap serep leaf compresses were proven to be more effective than warm compresses in reducing fever in infants following DPT immunization. These findings suggest that the use of dadap serep leaves can be recommended as a safe, effective, and easy-to-implement non-pharmacological intervention alternative in daily practice.

Diphtheria is a type of infectious disease that can be prevented by immunization. The cause of diphtheria is toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. Humans are the only reservoir for the spread of diphtheria which is transmitted either through droplets, through eating utensils, as well as through close direct contact with skin lesions. This disease is characterized by sore throat, fever, malaise, and on examination pseudomembranes are found in the tonsils, pharynx and/or nasal cavity. Objective: To find out the magnitude of the Diphtheria outbreak problem and the risk factors that influence it. Method: This research is a literature study. The search was carried out in the Google Scholar database published in the period 2013 to 2023. Results: Shows that in extraordinary cases of diphtheria there are some who have received the DPT vaccine and there are also those who have not received the DPT vaccine, as well as a lack of public knowledge regarding diphtheria which can lead to outbreaks diphtheria. Conclusion: Epidemiological investigations of diphtheria outbreaks at this stage are still influenced by several factors which often occur, namely incomplete coverage of DPT vaccine in the toddler group, diphtheria transmission is prone to occur in the age group ≤ 15 years and low level of knowledge of the population due to lack of providing education about diphtheria disease.

The incidence of fever following DPT (Difteri Pertusis Tetanus) immunisation is relatively high, often necessitating treatment with fever-reducing drugs, which may have adverse effects on infants. Therefore, non-pharmacological methods that are effective, safe, economical, and practical are essential. This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of an onion compress combined with virgin coconut oil (VCO) in reducing body temperature in infants following DPT immunization. The study employed a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The study population consisted of infants who received DPT immunization in the midwife's independent practice (PMB) working area at the Pudak Payung Health Centre, Semarang, with a total sample size of 48 infants selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, analysed using descriptive statistics, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Prior to the intervention, 47 infants (45.92%) exhibited fever, and 1 infant (2.08%) had a high fever post-immunisation. Following the application of the shallot compress with VCO, all infants (100%) showed a reduction in body temperature, with none experiencing fever thereafter. The analysis indicated a significant effect of the onion compress combined with VCO on reducing body temperature (Z = -6.042, p < 0.01). The average body temperature of infants post-DPT immunisation decreased from a mean of 38.5°C before the intervention to 37°C afterwards. In conclusion, the use of an onion compress with VCO effectively reduces body temperature in infants following DPT immunization. This non-pharmacological approach presents a promising alternative to conventional fever management strategies.

Difteri merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium diphtheria pada hidung dan tenggorokan manusia dan pada beberapa kasus menyerang kulit. Difteri tergolong ke dalam penyakit menular mematikan yang dulu pernah hilang dan sekarang muncul kembali, hal ini di sebabkan kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai imunisasi lanjutan difteri yang seharusnya dilakukan setiap 10 tahun sekali,untuk menghilangkan penyakit difteri secara keseluruhan. Fakta di lapangan banyak masyarakat yang memahami kegunaan dari imunisasi, namun masyarakat masih enggan untuk melakukan imunisasi mandiri. Ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya kesadaran terhadap bahaya yang di dapat dari penyakit difteri. Keluarga merupakan sebuah sitem terbuka dimana anggota-anggotanya merupakan subsistem. Dukungan adalah sebuah support dan kekuatan di dalam anak untuk melakukan perilaku pencegahan penyakit difteri. Mendasari asuhan yang berpusat pada keluarga, yaitu fasilitasi keterlibatan orang tua dalam perawatan dan peningkatan kemampuan keluarga (ibu) merawat anaknya.