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This study aims to examine the effect of debt policy and transfer pricing on tax avoidance, with audit quality as a moderating variable. The object of this study is non-banking companies included in the LQ45 index listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2021-2024, with a total sample of 117 firm-year observations. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and subgroup analysis (and chow test), by comparing the regression results between companies audited by Big Four and non-Big Four audit firms. The results indicate that debt policy has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance, while transfer pricing does not have a significant effect on tax avoidance. Audit quality is proven to moderate the relationship between debt policy and tax avoidance by weakening the effect. However, audit quality does not moderate the relationship between transfer pricing and tax avoidance. These findings suggest that corporate financing decisions through debt remain an important mechanism in tax planning practices, while audit quality plays a crucial role as an external monitoring mechanism in limiting aggressive tax avoidance behavior.

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on debt policy in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2024 period. The independent variables in this study include profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA); sales growth (SG); and liquidity, measured by the Current Ratio (CR). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is debt policy, measured by the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a quantitative approach, employing multiple linear regression analysis. The sample comprises 174 observational data points collected using purposive sampling. Testing was conducted using SPSS software, which includes the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, the simultaneous test (F test), and the partial test (t test). The results show that profitability, sales growth, and liquidity simultaneously significantly affect debt policy. Partially, profitability tends to be positive, sales growth tends to be negative but not significant with respect to debt policy, while liquidity has a simultaneous negative effect. Of the four hypotheses proposed, two were accepted, and two were rejected because the direction of the influence did not match the initial assumption, and the significance value was more than 0.05.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, liquidity, and asset structure on the capital structure of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, with firm size as a moderating variable. The research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from financial statements. The sample was determined through a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 27 banking companies that met the criteria. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results reveal that profitability has a negative and significant effect on capital structure, indicating that banks with higher profitability tend to reduce their dependence on external financing. In contrast, liquidity and asset structure do not have a significant effect on capital structure, suggesting that these factors are less influential in determining debt policy within the banking sector. Furthermore, the MRA results demonstrate that firm size moderates the relationship between profitability and capital structure, implying that larger firms can better manage internal funds to reduce leverage. However, firm size does not moderate the effects of liquidity and asset structure on capital structure. These findings contribute to understanding capital structure determinants in the Indonesian banking industry.

The main issue addressed in this research concerns the importance of selecting the appropriate funding sources for companies, particularly in the Consumer Cyclicals sector, which requires substantial financing to support operational activities. This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, company growth, and asset structure on debt policy in Consumer Cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2021–2023 period. The study employs purposive sampling, yielding 190 observations from companies that meet the criteria. Multiple linear regression is used as the analytical tool to examine the relationships among the variables. The results indicate that asset structure has a positive and significant effect on corporate debt policy, demonstrating that companies with a stronger asset base tend to adopt higher levels of debt financing. In contrast, profitability and company growth do not show a significant effect on debt policy, suggesting that these financial performance indicators may not be the primary determinants in the capital structure decisions for Consumer Cyclicals firms. These findings highlight the critical role of asset management in debt strategy while emphasizing that profitability and growth alone may not suffice to guide financing choices. Companies should consider the composition of assets carefully when determining their debt policies to optimize financial stability and operational efficiency.

This research aims to determine whether there is an influence between company size, liquidity, debt policy and tax planning on company value partially and simultaneously in transportation companies listed on the BEI for the 2020-2023 period. This research uses a quantitative causal comparative method. The sample in this research used a purposive sampling method and obtained 13 companies. This research uses secondary data. The analysis technique in this research uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of this study show that company size, liquidity and debt policy partially have a significant effect on company value, while tax planning partially has no significant effect on company value. Simultaneously company size. liquidity, debt policy and tax planning have a significant effect on company value.

The evaluation of companies in Indonesia, particularly in the manufacturing sector, which drives the economy, is influenced by various elements. The study analyzed the impact of three main factors on firm valuation: dividend policy, investment decisions, and debt policy. Population in the study includes all manufacturing business entities listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019-2022. The sample of 291 companies was chosen through purposive sampling with specific criteria. Research findings indicate that investment decisions have a significant positive impact on firm value, dividend policy and debt policy do not have a significant effect.

This study aims to examine the effect of company size and profitability on dividend policy with debt policy as a moderating variable (IDX30 companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2018-2022). The research method used in this study is quantitative research and uses secondary data collection techniques in the form of an annual report. The sample in this study was selected using a purposive sampling method and a sample of 15 IDX30 companies was obtained that met the sample criteria. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis and moderated regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that firm size has no effect on dividend policy, and profitability has an effect on dividend policy. Moderation of debt policy weakens the effect of company size on dividend policy. And in moderation the debt policy is not able to weaken the effect of profitability on dividend policy. The coefficient of determination (adjusted R Square) is 0.330 which indicates that company size and profitability on dividend policy is 33% while the remaining 67% (100% - 33%) is influenced by variables outside the research model. After adding debt policy as a moderating variable, the coefficient of determination decreases to 0.321. From these results it can be interpreted that 32.1% of the dividend policy can be explained by the variable company size and profitability with debt policy. While the rest, namely 67.9% (100% - 32.1%) is explained by variables outside the study

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity (CR) and profitability (ROA)  on debt policy (DER) in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a population of 84 in 2019-2022. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling technique so that a sample of 31 companies was obtained. This research is an associative quantitative research. The population in this study is the entire financial statements of the food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 – 2022. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be seen that the variables of profitability and liquidity partially have a negative and significant effect on debt policy. Simultaneously the variables of profitability and liquidity and sales growth have a positive and significant effect on debt policy

A company definitely aims to make a profit. The company also has a purpose to prosper the owners by maximizing the value of the company. The higher the value of a company will reflect that it has high prosperity for stock owners. This study was conducted with the aim of providing empirical evidence of the influence of debt and profitability policies on corporate value in agricultural sector companies listed on the IDX for the 2019-2021 period. This study uses the population of agricultural sector companies recorded on the IDX in 2019-2021. Then the use of samples obtained by adopting purposive sampling method.  Descriptive statistical test method and multiple linear regression test into data analysis techniques in this study.  This study gives the result that the debt policy and profitability have no influence on the variable value of the company.

This research aims to examine the influence of profitability, institutional ownership, and dividend policy on debt policy on companies from automotive sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research period used is 7 years which is the period 2015-2021. The research population includes all automotive sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2015-2021. Sampling techniques use purposive sampling techniques. Based on the established criteria obtained 6 samples of companies from automotive sub-sector manufacturing companies. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The method of analysis used is the regression analysis of the data panel. The result showed the Return On Asset has a significant positive effect on debt policy. Institutional ownership that has no effect on the debt policy. The dividend policy has no effect on the debt policy. Firm size has no effect on the debt policy.  Return On Asset, Institutional ownership, and Dividend policis Jointly affect Debt policy.     

  This research aims to investigate the role of growth opportunities in affecting the relationship of debt policy with firm value. I predict growth opportunities as variables that moderate the relationship of debt policy with the firm value. Sample using sub-sector Various Industries  2016-2019 period, Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI), Using purposive sampling techniques got 171 samples separated in 93 samples of corporate growth and 78 corporate, not growth. The findings of this study 1) Sales growth is suitable as a proxy for growth opportunities. 2) opportunity growth strengthens the relationship between debt policy and firm value. 3) Corporate that does not grow, debt policies can weaken the firm's value 

This research aims to find out and analyze the factors that are predicted to determine the firm value, the factors are liquidity, debt policy, asset turnover, and profitability. The sample used in the mining sector listed on BEI for the period 2014-2018, the sampling technique using purposive sampling, obtained 118 samples. Data analysis uses multiple regressions using the SPSS program version 23. Hypothesis test results found debt policy and asset turnover positively affected firm value, while it did not prove liquidity and profitability affect firm value.

This study examines the relationship of Corporate Governance with Debt Policy, and Profitability, especially in corporate that conduct IPOs on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2019 period. Corporate Governance uses proxies of the Board of Commissioners, Independent Commissioners, Institutional Investors, and Insider Ownership which is predicted to affect Debt Policy and Profitability Using a purposive sampling technique, obtained 108 samples, the analyst uses multiple regression with the IBM SPSS 23 program. The findings show that Insider Ownership and the Board of Commissioners have a positive effect on profitability, Institutional Investors and Independent Commissioners are not proven to affect profitability. Corporate governance variables that are proven to influence Debt Policy are Insider Ownership, Institutional Investors, and Independent Commissioners.