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The risk of accidents in the school environment is quite high, but the ability of the School Health Business Team (UKS) to handle emergencies is often still limited to theoretical knowledge without adequate practical skills. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Role Playing and Emergency Simulation (RANGGA) method on the improvement of the knowledge and skills of the UKS Team in junior high school. This study used a quasi-experiment design with a pre-post test with control group design. The research sample amounted to 60 respondents which were taken by purposive sampling technique. The intervention group was given RANGGA training, while the control group was given conventional education. The data were analyzed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test because the data distribution was abnormal. In the intervention group, there was an increase in the average knowledge score from 88.7 to 97.9 and the skill score from 87.99 to 97.98. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significance value of p<0.001 for both variables in the intervention group, indicating a very strong influence of the RANGGA method. In contrast, although the control group experienced an improvement, the variation in scores remained higher and the improvement was not as significant as the intervention group. The RANGGA method is significantly effective in improving the emergency competence of the UKS Team through an experiential learning approach. It is recommended for school institutions to integrate simulation and role play methods in the UKS training curriculum to ensure optimal emergency response readiness.

Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) mahasiswa Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Purwosari, Kecamatan Mijen, Kota Semarang pada tanggal 3 Januari hingga 1 Februari 2026. Program ini bertujuan mengatasi permasalahan masyarakat di bidang kesehatan, literasi, keselamatan lingkungan, dan kesejahteraan sosial melalui pendekatan partisipatif yang terintegrasi. Program yang dilaksanakan meliputi pembuatan Taman TOGA, pembagian buku bacaan bergambar ke sekolah dasar, pemasangan kaca cembung di titik blind spot, penyuluhan pencegahan stunting disertai pembagian makanan bergizi, kerja bakti, serta pendampingan Posyandu, PKK, dan PAUD. Hasil program menunjukkan manfaat nyata: taman TOGA fungsional terbangun di halaman kantor kelurahan, 180 buku tersalurkan ke SDN Purwosari 1 dan 2, 3 kaca cembung terpasang di titik rawan kecelakaan, dan 25 paket makanan bergizi terdistribusi kepada anak PAUD. Program-program ini berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran dan kapasitas masyarakat di bidang kesehatan, pendidikan, dan keselamatan lingkungan.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly influenced various aspects of children's and adolescents' lives, particularly emotional development and social interaction. Excessive and uncontrolled use of digital media may negatively affect emotional regulation, communication skills, and interpersonal relationships. Therefore, educational institutions play an important role in helping students develop positive character and social behavior. Islamic Religious Education (IRE) is expected to contribute to character formation by instilling moral values, strengthening self-control, and encouraging healthy social interactions. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Islamic Religious Education learning on the emotional development and social interaction of late childhood students in the digitalization era. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 40 students at MIS As-Syafi'iyah 10 Bogor in 2026. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-square test. The findings revealed that 32 respondents (80%) demonstrated a good level of Islamic Religious Education learning. In addition, 23 respondents (57.5%) showed good emotional development, while 28 respondents (70%) demonstrated good social interaction. Statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05), indicating a significant effectiveness of Islamic Religious Education learning on students' emotional development and social interaction. These findings suggest that Islamic Religious Education contributes positively to fostering emotional maturity and improving social relationships among students in the digital era.

Anak merupakan amanah dan generasi penerus bangsa yang harus memperoleh perlindungan secara optimal dari segala bentuk eksploitasi, termasuk eksploitasi ekonomi melalui pekerjaan yang dapat mengganggu tumbuh kembangnya. Meskipun hukum Indonesia telah mengatur perlindungan anak melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, masih ditemukan rendahnya pemahaman anak dan masyarakat mengenai hak-hak anak dalam dunia kerja. Kegiatan penyuluhan hukum ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran hukum anak-anak di Panti Sosial Anak Tawangmangu mengenai hak anak, batasan pekerjaan yang diperbolehkan bagi anak, serta perlindungan hukum terhadap praktik eksploitasi anak. Metode yang digunakan berupa ceramah, diskusi interaktif, studi kasus, dan evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta mengenai hak-hak anak, ketentuan pekerja anak, dan mekanisme perlindungan hukum apabila terjadi pelanggaran hak anak. Penyuluhan hukum ini diharapkan mampu membangun kesadaran hukum sejak dini sehingga anak-anak dapat memahami hak dan kewajibannya serta terhindar dari berbagai bentuk eksploitasi ekonomi dan pelanggaran hak anak.

Tuberculosis (TBC) in children remains a serious public health problem in Indonesia, with the 0–14 age group accounting for 16.2% of total notified cases in 2024. The uneven distribution of cases across provinces is thought to be influenced by various social determinants, yet spatial studies specifically on childhood TBC at the national level remain scarce. This study aimed to analyze the spatial pattern of childhood tuberculosis cases and social determinants in Indonesia in 2024 using a spatial ecological design across 38 provinces. Analysis included descriptive statistics, thematic mapping using QGIS, Moran's I test, and Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) with queen contiguity weighting matrix. Results showed a strong positive spatial autocorrelation with a Moran's I value of 0.612. High-high clusters were identified in DKI Jakarta, Central Java, Banten, and West Java, which simultaneously recorded high population density and low primary healthcare ratios. Territory-based interventions should be prioritized in these hotspot provinces.

Tuberculosis (TBC) in children remains a serious public health problem in Indonesia, with the 0–14 age group accounting for 16.2% of total notified cases in 2024. The uneven distribution of cases across provinces is thought to be influenced by various social determinants, yet spatial studies specifically on childhood TBC at the national level remain scarce. This study aimed to analyze the spatial pattern of childhood tuberculosis cases and social determinants in Indonesia in 2024 using a spatial ecological design across 38 provinces. Analysis included descriptive statistics, thematic mapping using QGIS, Moran's I test, and Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) with queen contiguity weighting matrix. Results showed a strong positive spatial autocorrelation with a Moran's I value of 0.612. High-high clusters were identified in DKI Jakarta, Central Java, Banten, and West Java, which simultaneously recorded high population density and low primary healthcare ratios. Territory-based interventions should be prioritized in these hotspot provinces.

Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) merupakan tanaman lokal yang kaya protein, vitamin, dan mineral, serta berpotensi mendukung pemenuhan gizi anak apabila diolah dalam bentuk yang lebih diterima. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat melalui inovasi pemanfaatan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) berbasis data empiris masyarakat sebagai permen pendukung gizi anak. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Tinelo, Kabupaten Bone Bolango, Provinsi Gorontalo, dengan sasaran ibu yang memiliki anak usia 5–12 tahun. Tahap awal dilakukan pengumpulan data empiris melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur untuk mengidentifikasi pola pemanfaatan daun kelor dan tingkat penerimaan anak. Selanjutnya dilakukan kegiatan edukasi mengenai manfaat gizi daun kelor serta pendampingan pembuatan permen herbal kelor sebagai inovasi pengolahan pangan berbasis kearifan lokal. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan kondisi pra dan pasca kegiatan terhadap perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, dan penerimaan masyarakat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman ibu terhadap manfaat gizi daun kelor, dukungan terhadap inovasi pengolahan, penerimaan anak terhadap konsumsi kelor, partisipasi aktif masyarakat, serta minat untuk mengolah daun kelor secara mandiri. Kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pemberdayaan berbasis data empiris dan inovasi pangan lokal efektif dalam meningkatkan pemanfaatan daun kelor sebagai pendukung gizi anak.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020, and a pandemic on March 11, 2020. This study aimed to determine the results of CT Value images on the first and second swab tests of children with COVID-19 in Indramayu. A descriptive design was used with total sampling, involving 54 respondents. Secondary data were analyzed using univariate analysis. On the first swab test, 27 children (50.0%) had a strong positive Ct Value, 26 children (48.1%) were positive, and 1 child (1.9%) had a weak positive Ct Value. On the second swab test, 23 children (71.9%) were positive, 6 children (18.8%) were strong positive, and 3 children (9.4%) were weak positive. All children tested positive on the first swab, while 32 (59.3%) remained positive and 22 (40.7%) became negative on the second swab. Most children showed decreased infection severity, although some remained positive.

Sleep duration and sleep quality are essential physiological needs that play a significant role in the emotional and behavioral development of children aged 3–6 years. Adequate sleep supports brain development, cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, and social interaction skills in early childhood. Conversely, poor sleep duration and low sleep quality may negatively affect children’s attention, mood stability, and ability to interact socially with peers and caregivers. This article is a literature review using a systematic review approach that analyzes 10 scientific articles published between 2016–2026 to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and sleep quality with emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. The article selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram, with articles sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The findings consistently indicate that inadequate sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems, including hyperactivity, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, and difficulties in social interaction among children. Furthermore, sleep disturbances were found to negatively influence children’s emotional self-regulation abilities, which are crucial for adaptive behavior. Therefore, ensuring adequate sleep duration and improving sleep quality are important strategies to support optimal emotional and behavioral development in preschool-aged children.

Kenakalan remaja merupakan fenomena sosial yang semakin kompleks dan menjadi tantangan serius dalam kehidupan masyarakat, khususnya di lingkungan panti sosial pelayanan anak. Berbagai bentuk kenakalan remaja seperti pelanggaran tata tertib, pergaulan bebas, penyalahgunaan media digital, hingga tindakan yang berpotensi melanggar hukum menunjukkan pentingnya pembinaan karakter dan kesadaran hukum sejak dini. Kurangnya pemahaman tentang norma hukum, lemahnya kontrol diri, serta pengaruh lingkungan sosial menjadi faktor yang mendorong terjadinya perilaku menyimpang pada remaja. Kegiatan penyuluhan hukum yang dilaksanakan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas 17 Agustus (UNTAG) Semarang di Panti Sosial Pelayanan Anak Tawangmangu, Karanganyar bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran hukum, membangun karakter positif, serta memberikan pemahaman kepada remaja mengenai konsekuensi hukum dari setiap tindakan yang dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan berupa pendekatan edukatif dan partisipatif melalui penyampaian materi, diskusi interaktif, dan simulasi kasus sederhana yang dekat dengan kehidupan remaja. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan hukum mampu meningkatkan pemahaman remaja terhadap norma hukum dan sosial, menumbuhkan kesadaran akan pentingnya perilaku disiplin dan tanggung jawab, serta mendorong terbentuknya sikap preventif terhadap tindakan kenakalan. Dengan demikian, penyuluhan hukum menjadi salah satu strategi efektif dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan kenakalan remaja melalui pembinaan kesadaran hukum dan penguatan karakter sejak usia dini.

This study examines the legal protection of children's rights to inclusive education and its implications for the institutional governance of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Indonesia. A normative juridical method with a descriptive-qualitative library-based approach is used to evaluate the coherence between macro-level child protection regulations and operational standards for school management. The data are entirely secondary, sourced from statutory laws, ministerial regulations, and pertinent scientific literature. The findings reveal a fundamental tension: the constitutional rights of children with special needs to access non-discriminatory ECE are robustly guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 35/2014 on Child Protection, and Law No. 8/2016 on Persons with Disabilities, yet a wide gap persists at the implementation level. This discrepancy arises because derivative ECE governance instruments including accreditation frameworks and curriculum standards still frame inclusion readiness as a voluntary component rather than a binding obligation. Consequently, ECE institutions encounter systemic barriers in human resource management, physical accessibility, and curricular flexibility. The study underscores the urgency of transitioning ECE management toward a Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) and recommends that the Ministry of Basic and Secondary Education reform accreditation instruments by embedding inclusive indicators as mandatory prerequisites for institutional feasibility, thereby aligning administrative governance with the fulfillment of children's constitutional rights.

Bullying di lingkungan sekolah merupakan permasalahan yang berdampak pada kesehatan mental dan perkembangan psikososial anak. Tingginya kejadian bullying, baik secara fisik, verbal, maupun digital, menyebabkan siswa merasa tidak aman, mengalami kecemasan, serta penurunan interaksi sosial dan prestasi belajar. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran siswa mengenai bahaya bullying serta upaya pencegahannya. Metode  pengabdian  yang  dilakukan  berupa  pemberian  penyuluhan  kesehatan menggunakan participatory  action  research (PAR)  dengan  tema “Edukasi Kesehatan Tentang Bullying Pada Anak: “Berani Baik, Bukan Berani Membuli“. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman siswa tentang bentuk, dampak, dan cara mencegah bullying, serta meningkatnya sikap empati dan keberanian untuk melaporkan kejadian bullying. Selain itu, siswa menjadi lebih mampu mengenali perilaku bullying dan berpartisipasi dalam menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang aman. Kesimpulannya, kegiatan edukasi melalui pengabdian masyarakat efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan pengetahuan siswa terkait bullying, sehingga perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan sebagai upaya promotif dan preventif dalam menjaga kesehatan mental anak.

This study aimed to describe the characteristics and contributing factors of autistic disorder in early childhood. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method involving a 5-year-1-month-old boy diagnosed with severe autistic disorder. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and psychological assessments using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The findings revealed that the participant experienced significant impairments in social interaction, communication, repetitive behavior, emotional regulation, and adaptive functioning. The participant demonstrated poor eye contact, severe speech delay, stereotyped behaviors such as flapping, hyperactivity, tantrums, and restricted interests in specific objects. VSMS results indicated significant delays in social maturity, while CARS results categorized the participant as having severe autism. Biological factors, including prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal complications, were suspected to contribute to the development of autistic disorder. Environmental factors, particularly inconsistent responses from family members and therapists toward tantrum behaviors, also influenced the participant’s behavioral development. This study highlights the importance of consistent, structured interventions and collaboration between families and therapists in supporting children with autistic disorder.

This study aimed to describe the characteristics and contributing factors of autistic disorder in early childhood. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method involving a 5-year-1-month-old boy diagnosed with severe autistic disorder. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and psychological assessments using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The findings revealed that the participant experienced significant impairments in social interaction, communication, repetitive behavior, emotional regulation, and adaptive functioning. The participant demonstrated poor eye contact, severe speech delay, stereotyped behaviors such as flapping, hyperactivity, tantrums, and restricted interests in specific objects. VSMS results indicated significant delays in social maturity, while CARS results categorized the participant as having severe autism. Biological factors, including prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal complications, were suspected to contribute to the development of autistic disorder. Environmental factors, particularly inconsistent responses from family members and therapists toward tantrum behaviors, also influenced the participant’s behavioral development. This study highlights the importance of consistent, structured interventions and collaboration between families and therapists in supporting children with autistic disorder.

This study aims to analyze the budgeting activities of the Surabaya City Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, and Population Control and Family Planning Agency (DP3A-PPKB) in supporting stunting reduction, while evaluating policy effectiveness, efficiency, responsiveness, and accuracy through William N. Dunn's evaluation framework. A qualitative case study design was utilized, supported by document analysis of planning records, budget realizations, and stunting prevalence data from 2019–2024. Findings reveal that DP3A's budget allocation aligns with the regional development plan and facilitates family-based sensitive interventions. Despite the first-quarter 2025 realization reaching only 9.5% of the total IDR 58.3 billion, strategic programs persisted through cross-sectoral collaboration and adaptive implementation strategies involving multiple stakeholders. The study concludes that DP3A's contributions are indirect, contingent on inter-organizational synergy among regional apparatus units (OPD). Ultimately, stunting reduction success hinges not on budget magnitude alone, but on systemic integration, policy coordination, and sustained collaborative governance across sectors. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening institutional networks to improve program effectiveness and long-term nutritional outcomes for children.

Religious tolerance is an essential value that should be introduced from an early age, especially in Indonesia as a multicultural country with diverse ethnic, cultural, and religious backgrounds. Early childhood education (ECE) has an important role in fostering tolerant attitudes through meaningful learning experiences. One effective medium is local wisdom-based storybooks, which integrate cultural values and social norms into narratives accessible to children. This study aims to analyze religious tolerance values contained in local wisdom storybooks and their relevance to multicultural education in ECE. The research uses a qualitative approach with content analysis. Data sources include Indonesian folktales such as Bawang Merah dan Bawang Putih, Malin Kundang, Si Pitung, Lutung Kasarung, and Timun Mas. Data were collected through documentation and systematic reading, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that these storybooks contain values of respect for differences, empathy, solidarity, cooperation, and peaceful conflict resolution. These values support multicultural education in ECE through storytelling, discussions, role-playing, and culturally responsive learning activities. The study concludes that local wisdom storybooks are authentic and culturally relevant resources for developing children’s multicultural competence and religious tolerance from an early age.

 Dental and oral health is an essential part of overall bodily health. The high prevalence of caries and cavities in children is generally caused by a lack of tooth-brushing skills. Incorrect techniques and improper duration cause food residue to remain, which ultimately triggers the demineralization of the tooth enamel. This socialization activity aims to provide education on the importance of brushing teeth with correct and effective techniques for elementary school students. The activity was conducted at SDIT Al-Azhar Kediri City, using a practical and interactive simulation approach; starting with a PowerPoint presentation, followed by a demonstration of proper tooth-brushing techniques using teaching aids. There were 84 children involved in this activity, and the results showed that approximately 90% of the participants could correctly answer the questions provided. Consequently, this socialization activity successfully increased the participants' knowledge and understanding of maintaining dental and oral health

 Dental and oral health is an essential part of overall bodily health. The high prevalence of caries and cavities in children is generally caused by a lack of tooth-brushing skills. Incorrect techniques and improper duration cause food residue to remain, which ultimately triggers the demineralization of the tooth enamel. This socialization activity aims to provide education on the importance of brushing teeth with correct and effective techniques for elementary school students. The activity was conducted at SDIT Al-Azhar Kediri City, using a practical and interactive simulation approach; starting with a PowerPoint presentation, followed by a demonstration of proper tooth-brushing techniques using teaching aids. There were 84 children involved in this activity, and the results showed that approximately 90% of the participants could correctly answer the questions provided. Consequently, this socialization activity successfully increased the participants' knowledge and understanding of maintaining dental and oral health

Thalassemia is a chronic genetic disease that requires long-term treatment and affects children's quality of life physically, psychologically, socially, and academically due to chronic anemia and regular blood transfusion needs. This study aimed to determine factors influencing the quality of life of children with thalassemia at Rumah Sakit Anak dan Bunda Harapan Kita. A descriptive design with a cross sectional approach was used, involving 41 respondents through total sampling. Data were collected using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale) and respondent characteristics including age, gender, socioeconomic status, parental education, and frequency of blood transfusions. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results showed most respondents were under ten years old, female, from families with socioeconomic status below the minimum wage, had parents with high school or higher education, and received blood transfusions every three weeks. Bivariate analysis indicated only the frequency of blood transfusions was significantly associated with quality of life, while other variables were not. Thus, transfusion frequency is the main factor influencing quality of life in children with thalassemia.

This study examines the influence of work discipline, employee motivation, and work environment on employee performance at the Office of Women Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning (DP3AP2KB) of Batam City. The research applies a quantitative approach with an associative design to determine the relationship and influence among variables. Data were collected from all employees using a structured questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability to ensure the accuracy of the research instrument. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression to evaluate both partial and simultaneous effects of the independent variables on employee performance. The findings indicate that work discipline, motivation, and work environment collectively contribute significantly to improving employee performance. Individually, each variable also shows a meaningful and positive effect, reflecting the importance of both internal and external factors in shaping employee outcomes and productivity. These results imply that strengthening discipline, enhancing employee motivation, and creating a supportive, comfortable, and conducive work environment are essential strategies for improving organizational performance and achieving institutional goals effectively. Therefore, organizations are encouraged to implement policies and programs that support employee development, maintain a positive work atmosphere, and improve overall work quality in a sustainable manner.