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This study aims to analyze the development of marine tourism in Makassar City. The city of Makassar has rich maritime potential with a combination of coastal areas and small islands that have underwater ecosystems and beautiful beach scenery, supporting the formation of marine tourism. Although there is regulatory support from various relevant national regulations and regional policies to support the development of marine tourism, the facilitation of this development still faces several challenges, including sectoral ego, poor coordination between institutions, and inadequate participation from the local community. This research was examined through the adaptive capacity theory by Emerson and Gerlak (2014), which includes structural arrangements, leadership, knowledge and learning, and resources, while the research method used was a qualitative method examined using descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that increasing adaptive capacity through joint efforts, participatory leadership, collective learning, and effective resource management is crucial in promoting sustainable marine tourism. In this regard, the implementation of marine tourism in Makassar City needs to be formulated as a tourism management system that adapts to social, economic, and ecological changes in order to achieve sustainable regional development through marine tourism.

This study aims to identify the causes of the conflict, analyze its impacts on natural resource management, and examine it through Karl Marx’s conflict theory. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with landowners, the village government,and community leaders. Secondary data were collected from official documents and related literature. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and qualitatively, referring to Karl Marx’s key concepts such as class conflict, control over the means of production, and alienation. The findings reveal that the conflict is caused by unclear land ownership status, the village government’s economic interests, lack of communication and transparency, and overlapping regulations. The impacts include hampered natural resource management and conservation, uncontrolled exploitation of resources, decreased community participation in sustainable tourism development, and potential environmental damage due to uncoordinated land use. Based on Karl Marx’s analysis, the conflict reflects class struggle between landowners as the dominant class and the village government as the managing class seeking to take over the resources. This study suggests the need for clear regulations, transparent decision-making processes, and active participation from all parties to achieve fair and sustainable natural resource management.

Karang Jahe Beach is one of the leading tourism destinations located in Rembang Regency. This area provides a great opportunity for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to develop and reach a wider market. One of the MSMEs in this area is Warung "Mbak Raisha" owned by Mrs. Inayah which has been operating since 2015. This stall is engaged in providing food and beverages for tourists. However, these MSMEs face various challenges in managing their business, including the lack of digital financial records, the lack of social media accounts as a means of digital promotion, the lack of a business logo, and the management of orders and product packaging that is not optimal. This condition causes limitations in terms of competitiveness, management efficiency, and marketing reach which has an impact on overall business growth and hinders the potential for future business development. Community service activities are carried out to help overcome these problems through strategies to strengthen branding and digital marketing. Some of the concrete steps taken are the creation of a logo as a brand identity, the installation of banners as a visual identity of the business, training on the use of social media (Instagram) as a means of promotion, the preparation of price lists, and digital financial recording using simple applications. In addition, education was also provided regarding the importance of attractive packaging to increase the selling value of products. The results of the mentoring show that Warung "Mbak Raisha" now has a stronger business identity, a more targeted promotion system, and more efficient management. This effort is expected to be able to encourage business growth and make MSMEs better prepared to face business challenges in the digital era.

Tourism is one of the strategic fields to obtain foreign exchange and support national and regional development. Indonesia has a rich diversity of tourist destinations, spread across the country. One of the regions famous for its beautiful and attractive tourist destinations is East Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT). This regency has various tourist destinations that attract attention and have unique characteristics. Currently, the focus of the community, particularly the people of East Manggarai Regency, is on the Watu Pajung Beach and Rana Tonjong Lake tourist destinations in Nanga Mbaur and Nanga Mbaling villages, Sambi Rampas sub-district. Considering its potential to increase regional income, this destination is specifically regulated through the East Manggarai Regency Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2016 concerning the management of the Watu Pajung Beach and Rana Tonjong Lake tourism area.This research uses empirical juridical methods, collecting data through interviews, observations, and literature studies. The results of the study show that the implementation of the function of the East Manggarai Regency Tourism Office has shown an increase, but it is not yet optimal. Based on field experience and information obtained, the researcher can provide suggestions and input, namely: The Tourism Office must be more serious in overcoming the obstacles of managing the Watu Pajung Beach and Rana Tonjong Lake tourism to achieve optimal results, and the Local Government supports with larger budget assistance so that the management of tourist destinations is smoother.

Sei Naga Lawan is a coastal village that has natural tourism potential and is included in an ecotourism conservation area that can revive the economy, especially on the mangroves coast of Kampung Nipah, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra. To increase the participation of the Kampung Nipah Village community, the researchers initiated a mini community service program that is directly related to the empowerment of natural tourism potential in Sei Naga Lawan Village, especially the development of the beach area in Village Nipa palm. In connection with the above, researchers conducted socialization and strategies for conservation and management of mangrove forest using lecture and discussion methods followed by mangrove planting activities. The results of the activity show that the implementation of the Community Service Program in Kampung Nipah, Sei Naga Lawan District has been successfully carried out well. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of community members during lectures and discussions. During the seedling planting stage, they also worked together to plant according to what the service team directed. It is hoped that this service can provide knowledge and provide understanding and skills to the local community that Kampung Nipah, Sei Naga Lawan District has an important role as an economist buffer in the future.

This article examines the management of marine tourism in Lanjukang Island, a tourist destination located in the Spermonde Islands, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, with a focus on the role of maritime diplomacy in increasing tourism potential while preserving marine resources. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature study methods and interviews with relevant parties, such as local governments and local communities. Lanjukang Island, with its beautiful underwater nature and beaches, faces challenges in the form of coral reef damage due to destructive fishing practices and coastal abrasion processes. Nevertheless, Lanjukang Island remains an attractive tourist destination for domestic and foreign tourists. The Makassar City Government plays an active role in promoting marine tourism through international collaboration, one of which is through the Makassar International Eight Festival and Forum (F8) event. Maritime diplomacy, which emphasizes international cooperation in marine resource management and tourism, plays a key role in facilitating sustainable tourism development on Lanjukang Island. The research found that while there is great potential in the marine tourism sector, more integrated and sustainable management is needed to support the local economy and the preservation of the marine environment. Collaboration between government, community and international partners is essential to achieve a balance between tourism development and nature conservation.

Maritime tourism in the Thousand Islands has become a significant component in the advancement of Indonesian tourism. The Thousand Islands offer great potential as a maritime tourist destination due to its coral reef ecosystems, marine biodiversity, and beautiful beaches. However, the development of maritime tourism in this region faces various challenges, including coral damage, marine pollution, and issues related to island accessibility. Other challenges encompass security, transportation, and regulations pertaining to tourism development. This study employs a qualitative approach and literature review techniques to delineate the potential and challenges of maritime tourism. The research findings highlight development strategies, including environmental preservation, improved accessibility, and collaboration among the government, stakeholders, and local communities. This research provides insights into the potential and challenges of maritime tourism in the Thousand Islands, serving as a guide for decision-makers in fostering sustainable tourism development in the region. With this profound understanding, it is hoped that development strategies can sustain the allure of tourism in the Thousand Islands while preserving the environment and enhancing the well-being of local communities.