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The PPA Symphony recorded 7,842 cases of violence against children by mid-2024, indicating the need for preventive efforts through early sexual education. Sexual education for children aims to improve their understanding of body awareness, body privacy, and self-protection from inappropriate behaviors. This community service activity aimed to increase students’ understanding of sexual education through interactive PowerPoint media. The activity was conducted at SD Negeri Gebang Surakarta on April 25, 2025, involving 63 students from grades 3, 4, and 5. The method used was an interactive lecture supported by PowerPoint media, storytelling, and mini games. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test questionnaires to measure students’ knowledge. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 9.827 in the pre-test to 10.210 in the post-test. These findings indicate that interactive PowerPoint media is effective in improving students’ understanding of basic sexual education, particularly regarding body parts, body privacy, safe and unsafe zones, and strategies for refusing uncomfortable behaviors. Therefore, interactive learning media can serve as an effective educational strategy to strengthen early sexual education among elementary school students.

Child violence cases in Jayapura City demonstrate a distinctive pattern of legal settlement characterised by the strong coexistence of customary law and the formal juvenile criminal justice system. While national legislation mandates diversion and restorative justice as primary mechanisms in handling children in conflict with the law, empirical findings reveal that most cases are resolved through indigenous customary forums known as para-para adat. This study aims to analyse the forms of settlement applied to child violence cases and to identify the constraints encountered in implementing both customary mechanisms and the formal juvenile justice system. The research employs a normative-empirical approach by combining statutory analysis with field data obtained from law enforcement institutions, legal aid organisations, and community respondents. The findings indicate that approximately ninety percent of cases between 2019 and 2024 were settled through customary mechanisms involving collective responsibility and the payment of customary fines as symbolic and material restoration. Diversion mechanisms under the formal system were rarely implemented. Although customary settlement is perceived as flexible, culturally legitimate, and socially restorative, several obstacles persist, including disagreement over compensation, inability to fulfil customary obligations, and limited awareness of restorative justice procedures. The study highlights the need to harmonise legal pluralism within child protection policies to ensure that customary practices align with the best interests of the child and national legal standards.

The phenomenon of student brawls has become a source of pride for those with violent tendencies, especially among students. As a result, the phenomenon of student brawls in Indonesia has recently become commonplace. In fact, these brawls have shifted from mere physical fights to violent acts connected directly to social media (live streaming). SMAN 1 Kersana, as a school that is concerned about this phenomenon, has taken anticipatory steps to prevent its students from becoming victims or perpetrators of violence or bullying. One of these measures is by holding In-House Training (IHT) attended by all teachers and staff at the school. After the IHT, there are also follow-ups as concrete steps from the implementation of IHT to develop programs for preventing and handling violence. An understanding of the laws related to acts of violence is mandatory for all parties involved. Furthermore, synergy between all parties, between the school, the school committee, and parents of students is one of the keys to preventing and handling violence at SMAN 1 Kersana.

This study aims to describe the forms of emotional trauma experienced by adolescent victims of verbal violence in Tuntungan Village 1. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study method on three adolescents who were purposively selected based on their experiences of verbal violence in their family environment. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation to obtain a comprehensive picture of the psychological condition of the research subjects. The obtained data were then analyzed descriptively qualitatively through the processes of reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that verbal violence has a significant impact on the emotional health of adolescents, including decreased learning motivation, the emergence of withdrawal behavior from social environments, and the loss of a sense of security and comfort within the family. In addition, harsh, demeaning, and repetitive family communication patterns form a negative self-concept in adolescents, which has the potential to affect personality development and social relationships in the future. The findings of this study emphasize the important role of families, schools, and communities in creating a supportive environment, as well as the need for preventive efforts and psychosocial interventions to prevent and address emotional trauma in adolescents on an ongoing basis.