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Muscle strength is the ability of muscles to produce power for physical activity, important for mobility, balance and body function. Decreased muscle strength, especially due to aging, negatively impacts quality of life and increases the risk of diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Handgrip is a simple method for measuring muscle strength, especially hand grip strength. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between hand grip strength and blood insulin levels in the elderly. This study used a cross-sectional design at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home with 93 participants aged 60 years and over. Hand grip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and blood insulin levels were measured from venous blood samples. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation. The results showed an average right hand grip strength of 10.23 kg and left hand 9.33 kg, with an average blood insulin level of 4.83 µU/mL. A significant positive correlation was found between right and left hand grip strength (rho = 0.884, p < 0.001), as well as between right (rho = 0.218, p = 0.036) and left hand grip strength (rho = 0.290, p = 0.005) and insulin levels. blood. These results indicate that hand grip strength can be an indicator of metabolic health in the elderly. Interventions such as strength training and proper nutrition are important for maintaining muscle strength and metabolic health in the elderly.

Elderly individuals often experience physiological and health-related changes, including reduced muscle quality and decreased levels of physical activity. This decline negatively impacts overall health, increases the risk of chronic diseases, and diminishes the ability to perform daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vitamin D levels and physical activity in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home involving 93 participants aged 60 years and above. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while vitamin D levels were measured through venous blood sampling. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. The average age of the participants was 74.34 years, with a mean vitamin D level of 23.73 ng/mL. Based on IPAQ results, 26.9% of participants had low physical activity, 44.1% moderate, and 29% high. Spearman correlation revealed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and physical activity (r = 0.240, p = 0.021). These findings suggest that higher physical activity levels are associated with higher vitamin D concentrations. Engaging in outdoor activities that promote sun exposure and an active lifestyle contributes to maintaining adequate vitamin D levels, which are essential for muscle function, balance, and bone health. Therefore, ensuring sufficient vitamin D status is crucial for supporting optimal physical activity and enhancing the overall health and quality of life among the elderly.

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders in the body which are associated with a lack of insulin secretion. Generally, DM therapy can be carried out using pharmacology and non-pharmacology. Non-pharmacological therapy that can be carried out is AAROM therapy and a low carbohydrate diet. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of AAROM therapy and a low carbohydrate diet on reducing blood glucose levels in elderly people suffering from type 2 DM in Ngepoh Village. This type of research isPre-experimentalby designTwo groups pre-post test. The total population was 90 respondents and the sample size was 33 elderly respondents suffering from type 2 DM in Ngepoh Village which were taken by purposive sampling. Data collection in this research used questionnaires and observation sheets. Analyzed with SPSS 20 using testsMan Whitney. The results of this study showed that the average blood glucose value in the control group was 282 mg/dl pre glucose and 177 mg/dl post glucose. Meanwhile, the mean blood glucose value in the treatment group with pre glucose was 295 mg/dl and post glucose was 144 mg/dl and there was an effect of AAROM therapy and a low carbohydrate diet on reducing blood glucose levels in elderly people suffering from type 2 DM in Ngepoh Village (ρ = 0.000 < α= 0.005) So type 2 DM sufferers are expected to be able to control blood glucose, one of them is by doing AAROM Therapy and a low carbohydrate diet. AAROM therapy can reduce insulin resistance, making it easier for glucose to enter cells, preventing obesity, and improving venous blood flow.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein normally produced during fetal development, but presence of tissue damage and inflammation, its levels increase and this may be linked to  Carcinoembryonic antigen in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. This study aims to assess the  level  of Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in preeclamptic pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Forty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. After the subjects were  identified and recruited into the study, they were taken to the laboratory where their vital signs was taken and 10 milliliters (10 ml) of venous blood was drawn from consenting participants and placed in a lithium heparin sample bottles analyzed for Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels  by fluorescence immunoassay. Data obtained from this study were analysed using Graph Pad Prism 9. Results generated were expressed as mean ± SEM and a P-value of ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The present study showed that there was statistically significant increase in the level of Brain injury marker (CEA) was observed in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive pregnant women, indicating various underlying pathophysiological processes such as Brain injury in preeclampsia.

Anemia throughout maternity describes a reduced focus of hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood particularly much less than 11 grams (gm)/ deciliter (dl) in venous blood. This problem influences a worrying 1.62 billion individuals globally with establishing nations dealing with a specifically high worry. In these areas anemia is a considerable factor to both mother's and also youngster morbidity and also death making up 20% of mother's fatalities. In addition it is approximated that virtually 50% of the international populace is contaminated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) a germs understood to create different health and wellness concerns. Remarkably the occurrence of HP infection amongst expectant ladies is greater in establishing nations contrasted to industrialized ones. Nonetheless the connection in between HP infection as well as the incident of anemia continues to be uncertain especially in Tikrit city. Consequently the goal of this research study was to check out the organization in between anemia as well as Helicobacter pylori infection amongst expecting ladies participating in Tikrit city.

Selection of the wrong type of examination sample can affect the results of the examination. Examination of blood cell counts can be taken from venous blood and capillary blood, but in capillary blood sampling there can be a dilution of the blood by tissue fluid so that the results of the blood cell count allow for differences between capillary blood samples and venous blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the number of platelets in venous blood and capillary blood in a hematology analyzer. This type of research is descriptive-analytic. Examination using Sysmex KX-21 with Blood Cell Counter method. All data were tested for normality using Shapiro-Wilk and hypothesis testing using Independent Sample T Test. The results of the examination showed a significant difference, where the platelet count of the capillary blood was lower than that of the venous blood and statistically showed a significant difference in the number of platelets with a value of =0.01 (<0.05). So it can be concluded that there are differences in the number of platelets in venous blood and capillary blood.