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This article aims to analyze Semarang's city diplomacy in solving environmental problems. Cities have an increasingly large role to play in this globalization era due to complex global issues, especially environmental issues. Cities are also having difficulty dealing with globalization due to the speed of population growth, economic pressures, excessive land use, and the increasing use of motor vehicles that release pollutants into the air. To address these issues, cities around the world are doing their best to find cooperative solutions through diplomacy. In addition, many national capitals cannot handle multiple tasks and, therefore, need to delegate some of their burden to other cities. In line with these objectives, this study utilizes an exploratory and descriptive qualitative research method, focusing on Semarang's diplomacy efforts. This study found that the Semarang city government has been perceived as an institution with clear political objectives that is fully committed to the practice of city diplomacy to engage directly, albeit in a limited way, in multilateral and bilateral international cooperation to find solutions to its environmental problems. The city government is no longer seen as an object of implementation of program plans formulated at the central level but also has the opportunity to formulate strategic plans or bottom-up procedures based on the needs of local communities and the suitability of the model with environmentally sustainable urban development.

This research examines the strategies implemented by the Batam City Government in improving illegal urban settlements, with a focus on informal housing areas. The rapid urbanization and migration to Batam have led to the development of informal settlements, which often lack proper infrastructure, housing quality, and access to basic services. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of government programs aimed at improving these areas, particularly through initiatives focused on housing quality enhancement and urban planning. Through a case study approach, the research explores policy frameworks, stakeholder involvement, and community participation in the improvement process. The findings highlight key challenges and opportunities in addressing informal settlements, providing recommendations for better integration of these areas into the formal urban fabric. Ultimately, the research seeks to contribute to the understanding of sustainable urban development strategies for cities facing similar issues of informal settlement growth.

This study aims to examine the development of clean water infrastructure in Dumai City to fulfill the community's clean water requirements. The clean water infrastructure possessed by the City of Dumai has failed to satisfy the comprehensive needs of the population. Consequently, the government addresses this issue by developing air infrastructure and implementing additional measures to resolve it. This scientific endeavor employs a descriptive qualitative method and the researcher’s observation. The study's findings reveal that PDAM Tirta Dumai Bersemai in Dumai City has failed to satisfy the water requirements of its residents. Consequently, development is requisite via multiple initiatives, including the establishment of a Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) through Public Private Partnership (PPP), the National Urban Water Supply Project (NUSWP), and Regional SPAM Development via DUROLIS Regional SPAM (Dumai - Rokan Hilir – Bengkalis).

The Regional Regulation of Palangka Raya City Number 09 of 2012 focuses on regulating the use of public spaces and economic activities, including the presence of street clowns as an important element in the city's cultural diversity. Street clowns, who serve as both entertainment and a source of income, face significant challenges due to this regulation, especially regarding permits, locations, and operating hours. Although aimed at creating a neat and orderly urban environment, the implementation of regulations often does not consider the broader social impacts, thereby limiting their mobility and disrupting their income. This research analyzes the impact of Regional Regulation Number 09 of 2012 on the lives of street clowns, by exploring the provisions in the regulation and their responses to the challenges faced. The methods used include literature review and data analysis from previous research, regulatory documents, and related literature. The research results are expected to provide insights into the interaction between government regulations and the lives of the informal sector community, as well as to evaluate the balance between urban planning and the protection of street clowns' rights as an integral part of Palangka Raya's culture.

Climate change has become a global issue with significant impacts, especially in urban areas, with the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon being one of its catalysts. This research aims to analyze the effect of the Urban Heat Island phenomenon in Semarang City in 2024, triggered by population growth, urbanization, and land use changes. This research uses spatial analysis methods based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Landsat-8 satellite imagery to calculate surface temperature. The sampling technique uses the Purposive Sampling method. The population of this study consists of people residing or staying in the city of Semarang, and the samples are the Garnisun Field area representing South Semarang, the Tugu Muda area representing Central Semarang, and the Old Town area representing North Semarang. The research results show that the highest temperature was recorded in the Tugu Muda area, which was 37.3°C, followed by the Garnisun Field at 36.8°C and the Old Town at 36.4°C. The main factors contributing to the intensity of UHI include the conversion of vegetated land into built-up areas, emissions from motor vehicles, and the lack of green open spaces. The recommended mitigation measures are implementing environmentally friendly technologies such as green roofs, green walls, and high-albedo materials, as well as expanding green spaces in residential and commercial areas.

Letjen Sutoyo RW 03 Lowowaru is an urban area in Malang City. This area has a Health Center that plays a vital role in maintaining public health. The aging process is characterized by a decrease in the body's ability to adapt to external stress, which leads to a decrease in the physiological function of organs, systems, and overall body ability. One of the important functions of the body is to form balance, which refers to the ability to maintain the center of the body's position against the supporting base when standing, sitting, moving, or walking (Winter, 1995 in Howe, et al., 2008). This balance is essential to maintain stability when moving from one position to another (Lee & Scudds, 2003).

This research departs from the phenomenon of the mushrooming of coffee shops in Makassar, which significantly affects the pattern of activities and social interactions of urban communities. Coffee shops are now an inseparable part of urban life, creating new spaces that are full of symbolic meaning. This research aims to reveal how the transformation of urban people's lifestyles occurs through the existence of coffee shops as public spaces. The approach used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive type, which aims to provide an in-depth picture of this phenomenon through case studies on several coffee shops that represent these characteristics. The results of the study show that coffee shops not only function as a place to enjoy drinks, but also as a public space that reflects the social and cultural identity of the community. The existence of coffee shops creates a symbol of prestige for its visitors, which indirectly makes hanging out in coffee shops an indicator of certain social status. This is closely related to the hedonistic lifestyle, where individuals are willing to spend time and money just to hang out in order to strengthen their self-image in front of the public. In addition, this study also found that coffee shops have become an arena for lifestyle expression influenced by advertisements and trends, where visitors feel the need to adjust their appearance, including wearing clothes that are popular in the latest fashion trends, in order to maintain the existence and social credibility in their environment. Thus, coffee shops in Makassar are not only a place of recreation, but also a social phenomenon that reflects changes in the lifestyle of urban people, which are influenced by aspects of prestige, consumerism, and popular culture dynamics. This research contributes to understanding the role of public spaces such as coffee shops in shaping the lifestyle of modern urban communities.    

Urban farming is a modern form of adaptation that is responsive to food security challenges, especially in areas with limited space such as Banten Province. This study aims to examine the dynamics of food security in the agrarian region of Banten and offer innovative solutions through urban farming practices. The global food crisis, the shrinking of agricultural land due to development and land conversion, and the decreasing public interest in farming are crucial issues that threaten local food security. In Banten, land conversion has resulted in the loss of more than 9,869.61 hectares of productive rice fields, which has a direct impact on local production capacity and increased dependence on external supplies. As a solution, this study advocates urban farming innovations such as hydroponics, vertical farming, and the utilization of idle land and home gardens. This approach not only utilizes limited land efficiently but also aligns with the principles of wise food planning as exemplified in the story of the Prophet Joseph. Qualitative methods with literature studies and content analysis were used to gather in-depth information. To create sustainable food security, this study identified three main strategies: digitalization of agricultural spatial planning using geographic information systems (GIS) to prevent illegal land conversion; Integrating circular agriculture and urban farming to manage organic waste; and engaging the younger generation as drivers of innovation through technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and digital marketing. These efforts are expected to create high-quality and sustainable food security in Banten Province by combining social intelligence, technology, and environmental sustainability.

Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax is one of the main sources of State revenue for development financing. In the implementation of PBB-P2 collection, there are still many people who are not aware of the rights and obligations in paying taxes, this is due to the fact that there is still very low public awareness and knowledge in paying taxes. Public awareness as taxpayers in paying taxes will increase if there is an understanding of taxes in society. This research is an empirical legal research where data is obtained directly from the research location. Two types and sources of data are used, namely: primary data and secondary data. The data collection technique uses interview guidelines and literature/journal studies. The results of this study show that: (1). Taxpayer income in Fatululi Village is still very low in taxpayer awareness, economic conditions and the influence of Covid-19. (2). The government's countermeasures are still lacking in socialization or counseling to the taxpayer community. Suggestions need to be further increased socialization or counseling to the public about understanding paying PBB and need to be emphasized the existing tax sanctions.

This study examines the issue of law enforcement related to the conversion of Green Open Spaces (GOS) in urban areas. Using a normative juridical research method with legislative and conceptual approaches, this research analyzes the implementation of Law No. 26 of 2007 on Spatial Planning, which mandates the availability of GOS at a minimum of 30% of the total urban area. The findings indicate that law enforcement in GOS conversion faces multiple challenges, including inconsistent regulatory implementation, budget constraints, weak inter-agency coordination, and obstacles in monitoring and enforcement. The pressures of urban facility development and population growth due to urbanization further complicate efforts to preserve GOS. Optimizing the role of local governments in GOS protection and management is carried out through the implementation of the Spatial and Regional Planning  involving various related agencies. The Ministry of Environment’s Adipura Program also plays a role in promoting enhanced environmental management performance by adhering to eight essential criteria within legal products related to environmental and ecosystem protection. This study recommends strengthening the GOS management system through improved inter-agency coordination, adequate budget provision, and the consistent application of firm sanctions.  

Decent housing is one of the important factors in ensuring social welfare and improving the quality of life of the community. The need for decent housing is very crucial in big cities, including Surabaya, where population growth and urbanization are very rapid. Although this right has been guaranteed by various national laws and regulations, one of which is regulated in Law Number 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Residential Areas, there are still gaps in its implementation at the regional level. This article aims to discuss the urgency of establishing a Surabaya Regional Regulation (Perda) on decent housing. As a legal basis that regulates minimum standards for housing quality, access to basic infrastructure, and guarantees of security and comfort for Surabaya City residents. The establishment of this Perda is currently important to overcome the problem of inadequate housing, prevent the emergence of slums, and support the sustainable development of the city of Surabaya. In addition, this Perda is expected to be a solution to the challenges faced by the Surabaya City government in meeting the need for decent housing for all levels of society in the City of Surabaya.

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan urban farming melalui pemanfaatan greenhouse di Kelurahan Wonolopo, Kecamatan Mijen. Kegiatan ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan lokal serta memberdayakan masyarakat dalam praktik pertanian perkotaan yang berkelanjutan. Green house dibangun di area kantor kelurahan sebagai model pertanian modern yang dapat diaplikasikan di lingkungan perkotaan. Kegiatan melibatkan pelatihan intensif kepada warga setempat tentang teknik-teknik urban farming, termasuk pemilihan tanaman, penanaman, perawatan, dan pemanenan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam bidang pertanian perkotaan serta keberhasilan greenhouse sebagai fasilitas produksi tanaman yang efisien. Diharapkan, proyek ini dapat menjadi model untuk implementasi urban farming di wilayah perkotaan lainnya dan berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan ketahanan pangan secara berkelanjutan.

The policy of ownership of the right to the flats is an important aspect in the arrangement of vertical housing in Indonesia, especially in dense urban areas such as Kampung Utama Batam City. The background of this research focuses on the complexity of ownership dualism between individual property rights over units and collective rights to common parts, common objects, and common land. Conflicts of interest and management problems often arise, hindering the optimal implementation of policies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of government policies on ownership of rights to apartment units in Kampung Utama Batam City, identify existing obstacles, and provide recommendations for improvement. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with case studies. Data was collected through analysis of legal documents, interviews with stakeholders, and field observations. The analysis was carried out using positive legal theory from John Austin to understand the existing legal framework, legal system theory from Lawrence M. Friedman to evaluate the interaction between legal structure, substance, and culture, and legal certainty theory from Sudikno Mertokusumo to assess the clarity and predictability of applicable laws. The results of the study show that although the policy has been well drafted in Law No. 20 of 2011 concerning Flats, its implementation in the field still faces various obstacles. Dualism of ownership, unclear certificate status, complex administrative procedures, and lack of legal socialization are some of the main problems found. Strengthening the role of the Flats Owners and Occupants Association (P3SRS), the use of digital technology for administrative procedures, and increased supervision and law enforcement were identified as solutions to overcome these obstacles. The suggestions provided include increased coordination between related agencies, active community participation in the management of flats, and simplification of administrative procedures by the government. More effective implementation is expected to provide better legal certainty and create a harmonious residential environment in Kampung Utama Batam City.

The purpose of this writing is to discuss the issue of Legal Regulation and achievements and obstacles in the implementation of the Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) as a form of public service implementation in Bengkong District. This is due to the overlap of regulations in the implementation of the Village Infrastructure Program activities, so it is necessary to know how the implementation of Batam City Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2021 concerning Community Empowerment-Based Development in Urban Villages and Batam Mayor Regulation Number 46 of 2022 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment. To answer this problem, the author uses a methodology through a normative-empirical law research approach (applied law research), with data collection methods through observation and questionnaires Using a normative-empirical legal case study in the form of a legal behavior product, the subject of the study is the implementation or implementation of positive legal provisions, the results of this study show that the implementation of the Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) in Bengkong District has not been implemented optimally, as well as many factors that hinder the implementation process, such as the lack of coordination between vertical agencies, resulting in overlapping regulations in its implementation. The implications are a). So that the Bengkong District Government re-socializes the Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) to the community b). In order for the sub-district government to further improve coordination with vertical agencies regarding the implementation of Village Infrastructure Program (PSPK) activities. c). For the Bengkong District Government to make a proposal for an agreement with vertical agencies in proposing development through one sub-district door so that there is no overlap of rugals and budget waste.

Batam City, as a rapidly growing industrial center, faces major challenges in allocating agricultural land for farmers who need legal certainty over the land they manage. The background of the problem in this study is the conflict of interest between industrial development and the need for agricultural land protection, which often sacrifices farmers' rights and causes legal uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the government in allocating land for farmers in Batam City and to provide policy recommendations that can increase legal certainty over agricultural land. The research method used is a normative and empirical juridical approach, which includes an analysis of relevant laws and regulations such as Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles, Law Number 41 of 2009 concerning the Protection of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land, and Law Number 19 of 2013 concerning the Protection and Empowerment of Farmers. Primary data was collected through interviews with farmers, government officials, and other stakeholders, while secondary data was obtained from legal literature, policy documents, and previous case studies.The results of the study show that the implementation of land allocation for farmers in Batam City has not been optimal. Farmers often do not get adequate legal certainty because the allocated land can be revoked at any time by the government for the benefit of industrial development. The main obstacles identified include conflicts of interest between economic development and agricultural land protection, lack of legal certainty, weak coordination and oversight, development and urbanization pressures, and lack of supporting infrastructure. As a suggestion, this study recommends that the Batam City Government develop a balanced and inclusive spatial planning policy, accelerate the land certification process for farmers, improve coordination between institutions, and invest in agricultural infrastructure development. In addition, farmers are expected to strengthen their organizations to advocate for their rights, while the people of Batam City need to actively participate in the process of land use planning and monitoring to ensure sustainable and equitable development.  

This research aims to examine collaboration in handling tidal flood disasters in the coastal areas of Semarang City, especially in Tanjungmas Urban Village, North Semarang District. The research method uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. The selection of informants used the purposive method. Meanwhile, for data analysis using the interactive model Miles & Hubbermen (2014). The research results show that handling tidal floods in Semarang City involves the collaboration of five parties (pentahelix), namely Regional Officials, Community Groups, Business and Industry, Universities, and Mass Media. Each party has a specific role in efforts to handle and overcome the impact of tidal floods.Regional apparatus plays the role of regulator and policy implementer. Community Groups actively participate in empowerment and disaster risk reduction. The business world contributes through the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program for activities during handling and efforts to overcome them. Universities are involved through thematic Real Work Lectures and community service activities carried out by lecturers and students. Meanwhile, mass media plays a role in disseminating information to increase public awareness regarding handling tidal floods. The collaboration process is already underway but is not yet optimal, therefore several activities are needed, namely strengthening coordination between parties through regular forums and more effective communication mechanisms; increasing community capacity in disaster management through ongoing training and assistance.

This study aims to analyze the potential for social conflict in the development of Sadangserang Flats in Bandung City through a sustainable planning perspective. The research method uses a case study with data collection through in-depth interviews and source triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the potential for conflict arises from three main sources, namely changes in land use, inequality in the provision of residential units, and unclear land ownership status. Changes in the function of the Sadangserang Market and Sadangserang Terminal risk triggering rejection from traders and drivers. The imbalance of commercial units and subsidies can cause access conflicts for low-income groups. Uncertainty in land ownership status is also prone to disputes. Therefore, a sustainable planning strategy is needed that involves public participation, socio-economic surveys, and clarification of land status. Thus, it is hoped that Sadangserang Flats can provide optimal contribution to the provision of harmonious and equitable housing in Bandung City.

This research aims to determine the criteria for fine arts plagiarism according to Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. Apart from that, it also aims to find out the basis of the judge's considerations in Decision Number 31/Pdt.Sus-Hak Copyright /2020/ Pn.Jkt.Pst. In this research, the method used is normative legal research which is prescriptive in nature. Normative nature prescriptive that is method with research ingredients​​ literature indicated in the written regulations.​ Method approach used​ in writing law This is method approach cases and approaches legislation. Result of study This According to Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, the criteria for plagiarism of works of art are if they meet the elements 1) there is a substantial similarity in whole or in part, 2) there is confession owned by personal to work imitation and 3) cause loss for creator on imitation work. In The judge's consideration in deciding the alleged case of fine art plagiarism took into account 1) Proving the similarity between Love Light and Urban Light; 2) There are losses arising for the Plaintiff. In this case, the judge's considerations were in accordance with the regulations of Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and the Plaintiff was also able to prove everything so that the Defendant was found guilty.    

The research carried out has the aim of understanding regional development based on regional superior capabilities through regional economic management in Semarang City. Urban development always involves increasing the built-up area. On the other hand, the increase in population and commercial activities as well as limited urban areas have made efficient use of land a necessity that cannot be ignored. A set of urban development efforts such as residential areas, in regional development there are industrial and highway networks, drinking water networks and public buildings, green areas & facilities. The city of Semarang, as the economic center and capital of Central Java, provides regional development opportunities beyond other cities in Central Asia by implementing specific development strategies based on its regional potential. Data was collected through library surveys without requiring a field survey, but with data from books and periodicals. Based on research findings, Semarang has the potential to experience population growth, increasingly advanced science and technology, as well as economic development due to its maritime, tourism, trade, social, economic and cultural wealth.

A city is one of the areas heavily populated by people. In Indonesia, there are a total of 98 cities. A city is a complex area because it has various zones such as central zones, industrial zones, and suburban zones. Additionally, a city should also have green open spaces. Green open spaces can help minimize global warming and the greenhouse effect in urban areas. Moreover, cities often grapple with waste issues. Urban residents should develop good mental attitudes and habits, such as not littering. Cooperation between the government, which builds proper and appropriate urban planning by providing green areas, and the public's awareness to maintain city cleanliness by disposing of waste properly, is necessary.