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Indonesia harbors extraordinary linguistic diversity with over 700 regional languages representing approximately 10% of the world's languages within 1.3% of global land area. However, this diversity faces existential threat from language shift toward Indonesian, urbanization, education policies favoring the national language, and globalization. UNESCO classifies 146 Indonesian languages as endangered, with several dozen facing imminent extinction as last speakers age without intergenerational transmission. This study documents the current vitality status of Indonesian regional languages, analyzes factors driving language endangerment and shift, evaluates existing conservation efforts, and proposes evidence-based strategies for language revitalization and maintenance. A multi-phase approach was employed: vitality assessment of 150 regional languages using UNESCO's Language Vitality and Endangerment framework with surveys involving 2,400 speakers; ethnographic case studies in 12 speech communities; policy analysis; evaluation of 25 revitalization programs; and predictive modeling of language shift trajectories. Of 150 surveyed languages, only 23 (15.3%) classified as safe with robust intergenerational transmission; 48 (32.0%) were vulnerable; 42 (28.0%) definitely endangered; 28 (18.7%) severely endangered; and 9 (6.0%) critically endangered. Key endangerment drivers included Indonesian-only education (92.3% of schools), urban migration (67.8% of youth), negative language attitudes (54.2% of parents), and lack of written traditions (73.4% of languages lacking orthographies). Modeling projected that without intervention, 40% of currently vulnerable languages will become definitely endangered within 20 years. Successful revitalization demands community-owned interventions, mother-tongue-based multilingual education, new digital language domains, and attitude change campaigns. Indonesia's linguistic diversity represents invaluable cultural and scientific heritage requiring urgent, coordinated conservation action.

Budaya Noken memiliki arti kehidupan yang baik bagi masyarakat Papua dan telah ditetapkan sebagai warisan budaya tak benda oleh United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) yang merupakan cinderamata kerajinan tangan dan diminati oleh wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Papua. Sebagai Ibu Kota Provinsi, Jayapura memiliki banyak pengrajin noken yang memasarkan karyanya di trotoar dan hal tersebut mengakibatkan fungsinya tidak efisien karena belum adanya fasilitas yang dapat mewadahi kegiatan tersebut. Desain kawasan mengedepankan kenyamanan pengrajin dengan menonjolkan suasana tempat awal mula lahirnya budaya noken yaitu Arsitektur Tradisional Honai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif sehingga menghasilkan desain Kawasan Wisata Budaya Noken yang dapat mewadahi kegiatan berbudaya yang sesuai dengan suasana tradisional daerah Papua dan nyaman bagi pengguna.

Angklung is one of the traditional musical instruments originating from the Sundanese culture in West Java, Indonesia, and has been recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO since 2010. This research aims to analyze the functions, values, and development of angklung in West Java society. The study applies a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, field observations, and interviews with cultural practitioners. The findings show that angklung plays an important role not only as a musical medium but also as a tool for social cohesion, educational development, and cultural identity preservation. Over time, angklung has experienced significant transformation in terms of performance, musical arrangements, and adaptation in modern contexts, such as tourism, creative industries, and international collaborations. However, challenges remain in maintaining authenticity amid commercialization and the declining interest of younger generations in traditional musical arts. This study highlights the need for continuous cultural education, community engagement, and government support to sustain angklung's legacy. The implications of this study contribute to cultural preservation strategies and provide insights into the sustainable development of traditional arts in the modern era.