Publication Search

This case report examines the effectiveness of a combined pulmonary rehabilitation and musculoskeletal physiotherapy program for a 26-year-old male post-pulmonary tuberculosis patient with lumbar tuberculous spondylitis. The patient, who had completed anti-tuberculosis treatment, presented with low back pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and limited mobility. Spirometry indicated severe restrictive ventilatory impairment (FVC 1.28 L, 32% of predicted), and lower extremity muscle strength was reduced (MMT 2-3/5). The patient used a TLSO brace and walking aid. Over a three-week physiotherapy program, the patient participated in breathing exercises, spinal mobilization, muscle strengthening, functional exercises, and education on brace use. Evaluation occurred at the first, second, and third weeks. After treatment, pain intensity decreased from VAS 6 to VAS 3, FVC improved to 1.72 L, chest expansion increased, muscle strength improved to MMT 4/5, and performance on the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test showed progress. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score increased from 98 to 115, reflecting improved functional independence. These findings suggest that the combination of pulmonary and musculoskeletal physiotherapy effectively improved respiratory function, muscle strength, and the patient’s overall functional capacity.

Immunization is a preventive measure used to protect against Tuberculosis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Polio, Hepatitis B, and Measles. Immunization administration must be continuous, comprehensive, and conducted according to standards to provide effective health protection. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between paternal support and the immunization status of children aged 0 to 1 year in the Tamban Baru Community hEalth Center area, Kapuas Regency. This study used a cross-sectional correlation design. The independent variable was paternal support, and the dependent variable was immunization status. The sample was selected using total sampling technique, consisting of 50 respondents. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire. The results showed a significant correlation between paternal support and the immunization status of children aged 0 to 1 year, indicated by p = 0.000017 < 0.005; thus, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) accepted. This means that there is a correlation between paternal support and the immunization status of children aged 0 to 1 year. It is recommended that that cross-sector collaboration and Community Health Center authorities enhance efforts so that every immunization officer provides health education, such as counseling about immunization, and that family involvement in spreading immunization programs is increased to achieve targeted coverage through cooperation with health professionals.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis through droplets from patients diagnosed with TB. Based on the Global TB Report 2024, WHO reported that Indonesia ranks second in the world, where 81% of cases were confirmed and 90% of them had received treatment, where there was an increase in the number of cases compared to 2023 with 77% of confirmed cases and 88% of them received treatment. The increase in the number of pulmonary TB cases is inseparable from factors that determine the transmission of M. tb such as the concentration of organisms in the air related to ventilation and the length of time a person inhales contaminated air. To determine the relationship between ventilation conditions and home lighting to the incidence of pulmonary TB in the working area of ​​the Glugur Darat Health Center in 2025 This study is an analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. Sample selection used the consecutive sampling method with 56 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of the 56 people who met the criteria, 30 people (53.6%) were pulmonary TB sufferers and 26 people (46.4%) were not pulmonary TB sufferers. The majority of respondents were male (38 people) and the highest number was found in the 18-59 age range (48 people) (85.7%). Regarding ventilation conditions, 34 people (60.7%) did not meet adequate ventilation requirements, and 29 homes (51.8%) did not meet adequate lighting requirements. There was a relationship between ventilation conditions and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Glugur Darat Community Health Center work area, but there was no relationship between home lighting and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Glugur Darat Community Health Center work area.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health issue in Indonesia, with the number of cases not showing a decline. Pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In 2018, the number of TB cases in Aceh reached 41,595, with Aceh Utara having the highest number at 4,819 cases, followed by Bireuen with 3,636 cases, while Sabang recorded the lowest at 272 cases. The primary risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a history of contact with adult TB patients, as children's immune systems are still weak, allowing the bacteria to enter their bodies easily. This study aims to examine the history of TB contact in children at the Pediatric Clinic of Cut Meutia General Hospital. The research used a descriptive observational design, with 105 respondents, and data was collected from medical records. The results showed that the majority of respondents were toddlers (47.6%), most were male (54.3%), and 58.1% had good nutritional status. A significant percentage of respondents (77.1%) had a history of contact with TB patients, and 83.8% did not receive BCG vaccination. These findings highlight that contact with TB patients is a key factor in the transmission to children.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Primary infection occurs upon first exposure to bacillary tuberculosis, which often occurs in childhood, hence the term "childhood TB." The diagnosis of TB is usually made through a history that includes complaints of persistent cough, weight loss, fever, and weakness, along with a chest X-ray that shows typical abnormalities of pulmonary TB. In this case, a 21-month-old girl presented with a worsening, persistent cough accompanied by weight loss. The patient's mother reported that her child frequently had fevers and appeared weak. After a physical examination and supporting tests, the patient was diagnosed with TB. The patient was given pharmacological therapy in the form of anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT), and parents were educated about the importance of adherence to TB treatment as prescribed by the doctor. Furthermore, providing a balanced, nutritious diet is recommended to support successful treatment.

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) immunization is a mandatory basic immunization that must be administered to infants before two months of age as a preventive measure against tuberculosis. Timely administration of the BCG vaccine is crucial to ensure optimal protection and to maintain continuity of subsequent immunization schedules. Maternal knowledge is one of the factors influencing the timeliness of immunization. The achievement of BCG immunization at Muara Fajar Community Health Center in 2025 was 76.1%, still below the annual target of 90%. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the timely administration of BCG immunization among infants aged 0–2 months in the working area of Muara Fajar Public Health Center, Pekanbaru City. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. A total of 59 mothers with infants aged 0–6 months were selected using accidental sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires assessing maternal knowledge of BCG immunization and the timeliness of BCG vaccine administration. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed that most mothers were aged 26–35 years (59.3%), had a senior high school education (52.2%), and were housewives (71.2%). Nearly half of the respondents had low knowledge levels (47.5%), while 54.2% of infants received BCG immunization on time. The Chi-square test revealed a significant association between maternal knowledge and timely BCG immunization (p=0.001). This study concludes that maternal knowledge plays a crucial role in ensuring timely BCG immunization in infants.  

Compliance with taking medication is very important for pulmonary tuberculosis patients because it can ensure that the tuberculosis infection is controlled and does not spread to other people. Motivational interviewing counseling can help tuberculosis patients increase medication adherence with an empathetic and supportive approach to providing information. Through this technique, counselors can foster the patient's internal motivation to overcome obstacles that arise related to taking medication regularly. This research has gone through an ethical process with No. 000.9/002/KEPKRSUDBTG/1/2025. This type of research is quantitative, a quasi-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest without control design. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling of 30 respondents. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Wilcoxon rank test. The research results show: The patient's level of compliance with taking TB medication before Motivational Interviewing counseling is in the medium category and the low category. The level of patient compliance in taking TB medication after Motivational Interviewing counseling has increased, namely the high category and the medium category. There is an influence of motivational interviewing counseling on medication adherence in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Batang Regional Hospital. There is a significant difference between the results of compliance with taking TB medication before and after counseling motivational interviewing at Batang Regional Hospital.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem and is one of the leading causes of death after HIV/AIDS. This disease has a high transmission rate, especially among children. This study aims to identify and analyze the determinants contributing to the incidence of tuberculosis in children based on previous studies. The method used was a literature review, which analyzed scientific articles related to the determinants of TB in children. Articles were searched through databases such as Google Scholar, Crossref, and Sinta using related keywords. Of the five articles that met the inclusion criteria, it was found that a history of contact with an adult TB patient was the main factor in transmission in children. Children are highly susceptible to contracting TB germs transmitted through droplets from coughing or talking. In addition, BCG immunization can provide protection against TB infection in children by developing antibodies. A scoring system was used to examine the history of contact in children at risk. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between history of contact and the incidence of TB in children. Therefore, it is important for adult TB sufferers who live with children to practice preventive behaviors, such as cough etiquette, wearing masks, and proper phlegm disposal.

Socio-economic challenges faced by tuberculosis (TB) survivors in Indonesia remain substantial, particularly stigma that restricts employment opportunities and hinders social reintegration. This community service program aimed to strengthen the economic capacity of TB survivors through a community-based empowerment approach and health information dissemination via social media. The program involved a TB survivor community in the partner area of the Lampung Sehat Initiative. A participatory method was applied through entrepreneurship training, digital content production assistance, and the distribution of health education materials using Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. The results indicate that social media was effective not only as a platform for health education but also as a promotional tool for participants’ micro-business products. In addition to improving public literacy regarding TB, social media contributed to stigma reduction by delivering positive narratives and reinforcing the collective identity of the survivor community. The program also encouraged behavioral change, supported the emergence of local leadership, and expanded participants’ social and economic networks. These findings suggest that integrating social media into community-based empowerment initiatives can serve as a social transformation strategy that enhances the sustainability of economic development and social support for TB survivors.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. Despite the implementation of national TB control programs through the Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) strategy, treatment success continues to face significant challenges, particularly related to patient adherence to anti-tuberculosis drug (ATD) therapy. Non-adherence to TB treatment can lead to treatment failure, disease relapse, and the development of drug-resistant tuberculosis, thereby increasing the overall burden of the disease.Treatment adherence in TB patients is influenced not only by medical factors but also by social and behavioral determinants. Family support plays a crucial role in encouraging patients to comply with treatment regimens by providing motivation, reminding medication schedules, and offering emotional support throughout the long duration of therapy. Patients who receive adequate family support tend to demonstrate higher levels of treatment adherence compared to those with limited support.In addition, the use of herbal medicine as a preventive and supportive health measure is common among the Indonesian population. Herbal medicine is often utilized to enhance immune function, reduce medication side effects, and improve patient comfort during TB treatment. However, the use of herbal remedies without proper medical guidance may lead to misconceptions regarding standard TB therapy.Therefore, it is important to examine the relationship between family support and the use of herbal medicine as preventive measures with treatment adherence among pulmonary TB patients in primary healthcare settings. Such evidence is expected to support a comprehensive family medicine approach and strengthen TB control programs in primary care services.

Diarrhea and Tuberculosis (TB) remain significant public health problems in Indonesia, including Rembang Regency. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution and temporal changes of Diarrhea and TB cases in Rembang Regency during 2023–2024 using a Geographic Information Sistem (GIS) approach. A descriptive-analytic method was applied using secondary data, including administrative boundary shapefiles, disease case data, and health facility data at the sub-district level. Spatial processing and analysis were conducted using QGIS to produce thematic maps and compare disease distribution patterns between years. The results indicate that Diarrhea and TB cases were unevenly distributed across sub-districts and formed distinct spatial patterns. Case changes between 2023 and 2024 varied spatially, reflecting dynamic disease trends. The integration of disease maps with health facility distribution shows that areas with high case numbers were not always supported by adequate health facilities. The implementation of GIS-based maps into a web platform enhances accessibility and supports spatial-based public health decision-making.