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The development of science and technology has encouraged the utilization of graph theory in solving optimization problems, particularly in transportation systems and tourism route planning. Medan City, as a metropolitan area with dense road networks and widely dispersed tourist destinations, faces challenges in selecting efficient travel routes. This research aims to determine the optimal route between tourist destinations in Medan City using the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) method with Prim’s Algorithm. The research was conducted using a weighted graph modeling approach, where each tourist destination is represented as a vertex and the distance between destinations is represented as an edge weight. Distance data and estimated travel time were obtained through digital mapping using Google Maps and then analyzed through iterations of Prim’s Algorithm to produce a minimum spanning tree without forming cycles. The results show that all 23 tourist destinations are successfully connected in a single MST structure with a minimum total distance of 68.97 km and a travel time of approximately 199 minutes or 3 hours and 19 minutes. This model is expected to serve as a reference for tourism planning and support urban transportation efficiency based on mathematical computation.

Tourism is a sector strategy in encouraging regional economic growth, cultural preservation, and improving community welfare. Binjai City, as one of the buffer areas of Medan Metropolitan, has a number of areas that have the potential to be developed into leading tourist destinations. However, un-til now there has been no directed and integrated development strategy for areas that have this potential.This research aims to identify and analyze the potential for the development of leading tourist areas in Binjai City through the Mixed Methods approach, which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The focus of the study is directed at three strategic areas, namely Taman Merdeka Binjai, the Binjai Grand Mosque Area, and the Jalan Veteran Culinary Village, which have strong historical, so-cio-cultural, and local economic potential but have not been optimally exploited.Data was collected through a survey of 150 respondents consisting of tourists, MSME actors, local communities, and government officials, as well as in-depth interviews with 12 key informants. The re-sults of the quantitative analysis showed that the attractiveness of the area and community support re-ceived the highest score in respondents' perception, while infrastructure and the use of digital technolo-gy are aspects that still require special attention. Qualitative analysis supports these findings, where vari-ous technical and institutional constraints are still found that hinder sustainable development.The results of data integration show that the potential for the development of leading tourist areas in Binjai City is quite high in terms of location, cultural value, and support from the local community. However, to realize a competitive region, strategic interventions are needed in the form of improving the quality of infrastructure, digitizing promotions, and collaboration between sectors. Policy recommenda-tions are filled with institutional capacity strengthening, community empowerment, and the establish-ment of tourism development programs based on local and sustainable potential.

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality, destination attraction, and supporting facilities on visitor loyalty in the context of halal tourism at Maimun Palace, Medan City. Employing a quantitative approach with an associative research design, the study involved 254 respondents selected using the Slovin formula from a total population of 689 visitors recorded in April 2025. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a Likert scale and analyzed using SPSS software. The findings reveal that each independent variable—service, attraction, and facilities—has a positive and significant effect on visitor loyalty. Furthermore, the simultaneous analysis confirms that the combination of these three factors significantly influences loyalty among visitors to the halal tourism destination. These results align with the Customer Satisfaction Theory, which posits that positive experiences related to service delivery, destination appeal, and the availability of appropriate facilities contribute to higher levels of satisfaction, ultimately fostering loyalty. The implications of this study suggest that halal tourism destination managers should prioritize enhancing service quality, preserving the cultural and historical appeal of attractions, and ensuring the availability of facilities that meet the specific needs of Muslim tourists. By doing so, destinations like Maimun Palace can cultivate sustainable visitor loyalty, which is essential for long-term tourism development and competitiveness in the halal tourism sector. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on halal tourism by empirically validating the role of service, attraction, and facilities in shaping visitor loyalty. Future studies are recommended to explore additional variables such as religious compliance, digital engagement, and cultural sensitivity to provide a more comprehensive understanding of loyalty drivers in halal tourism contexts.

The tourism in the Selayang Medan sub-district is included as one of the sub-districts that has several tourist attractions. When viewed from the number of residents, Traveler especially the city of Medan, have increased from year to year. tourism in the Medan Selayang sub-district continues to be planned to attract more visitors, therefore this research is carried out by analyzing problems and solutions in developing tourism in the Medan Selayang sub-district, such as data collection and tourist objects and attractions in the Medan Selayang sub-district, Analyzing tourism conditions related to issues as well as tourism potential and problems in the Medan Belawan sub-district, and proposed tourism development for the Medan Selayang sub-district. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a data search process that is carried out by means of literature studies through books, related research journals and through internet pages. The final result of this study is the identification of proposals for maximizing and improving facilities as tourism development in the Medan Selayang.

The increasing level of urbanization is in line with the need for housing. Not only that, but also the increase in people's need for a place to live has led to an increase in land prices. The city of Medan is one of the developing cities that many people pay attention to. The development of this city has attracted many people's attention, making young investors and young business people who are part of the community who have a contemporary and instant lifestyle and lifestyle, so that the need for lodging places becomes a priority. And due to the increase in the value of existing land in the city of Medan, lodging buildings that have good land efficiency are needed, such as mid-rise and high-rise buildings. Nowadays, hotels are not just a place to stay anymore for visitors doing business or tourism. But over the times, hotels are currently used to accommodate weddings, meetings, parties, and are often also used as recreational or entertainment facilities for the community. Seeing the small number of four-star hotels in Medan City, especially in Polonia District, is the reason why additional four-star hotel buildings are needed. Therefore, from these problems, the authors feel compelled to play a role in implementing ideas, ideas, and knowledge about four-star hotels, by designing business hotels with four-star facilities using a tropical architectural approach.

Medan Tuntungan Sub-district is one of the strategic areas in Medan City that has great potential in the development of the tourism sector. This research aims to identify and analyze the characteristics of tourism architecture and the attractiveness of tourist destinations in the area. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through literature study and observation of several leading tourist attractions, including Kenanga Garden, Royal Sumatra Golf Course, Rajasyah Outbound & Edu Center, and Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni. The results showed that each destination has its own charm in terms of attractions, accessibility, amenities, and ancillary facilities. The existence of adequate facilities and a natural atmosphere are the added value of these destinations. However, some locations still need improvement in terms of infrastructure and promotion. Therefore, collaboration between the government, tourism managers, and the community is needed to support the development of sustainable tourism in Medan Tuntungan Sub-district.

The tourism industry is one of the industries that has an important role in the national development of various countries today where in 2017, globally the tourism industry has driven the progress of the lives of millions of people by encouraging economic growth, creating jobs, reducing poverty, and accelerating development and strengthening tolerance. In this condition, Indonesia is also one of the countries that has an impact on these developments. Where the tourism sector in 2016 showed development and continued to increase and make an increasingly significant contribution to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Seeing this potential, tourism development is starting to become one of the leading programs in regional development, in which case this discussion will focus on the development of tourism in one of the districts in the city of Medan. Tourism development that is planned and managed in a sustainable manner based on the community will be able to contribute to local revenue (PAD) and create jobs.