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Bronchopneumonia is a type of infection of the lower respiratory tract that often occurs in children, especially toddlers. This disease is characterized by inflammation of the bronchioles and lung tissue which triggers increased production of secretions in the airways. The buildup of secretions often causes nursing problems in the form of ineffective airway clearance, which is indicated by ineffective coughing, rapid breathing, shortness of breath, and the appearance of additional breath sounds such as rales. Chest physiotherapy in children was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the clapping technique in helping to clear the airway in bronchopneumonia patients. The method applied in evidence-based practice (EBP) uses case studies with a nursing care approach. Intervention was given to three patients with a diagnosis of bronchopneumonia for three days, with a duration of approximately 1-2 minutes in each area of ​​the chest. Evaluation is carried out using a stethoscope and measuring time (clock), with the results recorded on an observation sheet. After chest physiotherapy (clapping), the three patients showed improvement in airway clearance, which was indicated by respiratory frequency returning to normal, no additional breath sounds (ronchi), and reduced secretion production. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the application of EBP through chest physiotherapy is effective in increasing airway clearance in bronchopneumonia patients.

Gerakan Tutup Mulut (GTM), or “Refusal to Eat,” is a common nutritional problem among toddlers and contributes to reduced nutrient intake and an increased risk of malnutrition. Preliminary observations at Posyandu Aster 11 Way Kandis, Bandar Lampung, indicated that mothers had low levels of knowledge regarding the causes of GTM and limited exposure to responsive feeding education. This community service activity aimed to improve mothers’ understanding of the factors contributing to GTM and to introduce pisang barongko as an innovative, nutritious snack option to help prevent GTM. The methods utilized included educational sessions through leaflets, presentations, video demonstrations, and pretest–posttest evaluation using the Wilcoxon test. The activity involved 25 participants and resulted in an improvement in knowledge scores from an average of 66 to 94.8, demonstrating a significant increase of 28.80 (p < 0.05). High participant enthusiasm, effective material delivery, and the availability of educational outputs such as videos and leaflets supported the success of the program. These findings highlight the importance of nutrition education based on local food resources as a practical and sustainable strategy to prevent GTM in children.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health issue in Indonesia, with the number of cases not showing a decline. Pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In 2018, the number of TB cases in Aceh reached 41,595, with Aceh Utara having the highest number at 4,819 cases, followed by Bireuen with 3,636 cases, while Sabang recorded the lowest at 272 cases. The primary risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a history of contact with adult TB patients, as children's immune systems are still weak, allowing the bacteria to enter their bodies easily. This study aims to examine the history of TB contact in children at the Pediatric Clinic of Cut Meutia General Hospital. The research used a descriptive observational design, with 105 respondents, and data was collected from medical records. The results showed that the majority of respondents were toddlers (47.6%), most were male (54.3%), and 58.1% had good nutritional status. A significant percentage of respondents (77.1%) had a history of contact with TB patients, and 83.8% did not receive BCG vaccination. These findings highlight that contact with TB patients is a key factor in the transmission to children.

Health issues are complex and require new ideas for their resolution. Public health focuses on disease prevention, health promotion, and physical, mental, and social therapy. Maternal and Child Health (MCH) and women’s health throughout their life cycle are crucial public health issues as they have a significant impact on the quality of human resources in a generation. In Pukdale Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency, problems such as the lack of knowledge among pregnant women about Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), pregnancy anemia, Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), balanced nutrition, and weaning have been identified. To address these issues, a Community Midwifery Care program based on community service was carried out, which included counseling, training, demonstrations, and simulations. The results of this activity showed a positive response and active participation from the community in Pukdale Village in the programs implemented by the students. There was a significant improvement in the knowledge of pregnant women about CED, pregnancy anemia, EBF, as well as the knowledge of mothers of infants about balanced nutrition and weaning. This is expected to improve the overall health status of the community in the village.

The acceleration of stunting reduction in Ponorogo Regency faces challenges regarding the complexity of the issue and regional fiscal constraints, necessitating strategic cross-sectoral collaboration. This study aims to evaluate the synergy of Bank BCA's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program through the "Bakti BCA" scheme in supporting local government policies related to specific and sensitive nutrition interventions. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with key informants from Bank BCA Ponorogo management, Bappeda, the Health Office, and beneficiary families, complemented by participatory observation and a review of the Regional Action Plan (RAD) documents. Data analysis was performed interactively by integrating the Collaborative Governance framework from Ansell and Gash, William N. Dunn's six policy evaluation criteria, and Mark Moore's Public Value concept to analyze the dynamics of cooperation and program performance achievements. The results indicate that the established synergy meets the criteria of appropriateness and effectiveness, where CSR interventions successfully bridged the gap in sanitation services and nutritional fulfillment in stunting locus villages uncovered by the regional budget (APBD). This collaboration proved successful in creating public value in the form of improved physical health status of toddlers, regional budget efficiency, and high community responsiveness. It can be concluded that this strategic partnership effectively accelerates the achievement of stunting reduction targets through equitable resource distribution. This study recommends that private sector engagement be formally integrated from the development planning deliberation (Musrenbang) stage to ensure long-term impact sustainability.

Toddler age is often called the golden period because during this period brain nerve development occurs, especially myelination, as well as a critical period. The golden period can be achieved if toddlers' nutritional needs are optimally met. On the other hand, if babies and toddlers do not get the food they need, the golden period will change into a critical period, thus disrupting their growth and development. The level of education of parents will affect the health and well-being of children, because this is inseparable from the nutritional status of children. Mothers with a high level of education will have a clearer opportunity to absorb information compared to mothers with less or no education. With a good level of education, it is hoped that a mother will be willing and able to behave well in order to improve her child's nutritional status. This Community Service activity aims to provide health education on balanced nutrition to reduce stunting in the community, especially mothers with toddlers in Desa Cangguk, Kecamatan Tanah Pasir, Kabupaten Aceh Utara. This activity used a participatory approach involving lecturers, students, health workers, and the community. The results showed an increase in public understanding and awareness of stunting prevention. It is hoped that this activity will raise public awareness about balanced nutrition for children

Stunting and wasting are nutritional problems in toddlers that remain a double burden of malnutrition in Indonesia and have an impact on the quality of health and future human resource development. Monitoring the nutritional status of toddlers is generally carried out using anthropometric indicators, but the use of this data is still limited to descriptive analysis. This study aims to apply the K-Means algorithm in clustering infants vulnerable to stunting and wasting based on anthropometric indicators, so that groups of infants with different levels of nutritional vulnerability can be identified. The dataset used consists of infant data with variables of gender, age (months), height (cm), and weight (kg). The research stages included data preprocessing, encoding categorical variables, data normalization, determining the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow and Silhouette Score methods, and analyzing the characteristics of each cluster. The evaluation results showed that the optimal number of clusters was four. Each cluster has different anthropometric characteristics and distributions of stunting and wasting status, ranging from groups with relatively normal nutritional conditions, groups with a tendency toward overnutrition, to groups that are vulnerable to acute and chronic malnutrition. These clustering results provide a more comprehensive and segmented mapping of toddlers, which can be used as a basis for formulating more targeted and data-driven nutrition policies and interventions.

Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) is a public health facility that plays a vital role in providing health services for toddlers and pregnant women. However, data management and reporting often face challenges, such as limited access to information and errors in data recording. Therefore, this study aims to develop a Web-Based Posyandu Payolaumbu Service Information System using the CodeIgniter Framework to improve efficiency and accuracy in data management and reporting. In the development phase, a system requirements analysis and web-based application architecture design were conducted. The system implementation uses the CodeIgniter Framework as a framework to produce a faster, more efficient, and more reliable application. Proposed features include recording health data for toddlers and pregnant women, immunization schedules, weighing, and health reports. The results show that the Web-Based Posyandu Payolaumbu Service Information System can improve efficiency in recording and reporting health data. Users, including posyandu officers, midwives, and administrators, can easily access and manipulate data in real-time. Furthermore, this system helps improve service quality by providing more accurate and complete information on toddler health. In conclusion, the implementation of the Web-Based Posyandu Payolaumbu Service Information System using the CodeIgniter Framework provides significant benefits for data management and health services at Posyandu Payolaumbu. Suggestions for further development include maximizing system utilization, developing additional features, routine maintenance, and ongoing evaluation based on user feedback. With these steps, it is hoped that this system can contribute more effectively to improving the quality of health services at Posyandu and supporting comprehensive public health efforts.

Stunting is a serious problem because it impacts long-term development, preventing children from reaching their full potential, leading to lower cognitive abilities, and increasing their susceptibility to future illnesses. It also impacts both macroeconomic and microeconomic income. SSGI data from 2022 shows that the stunting rate in Central Java was 20.8%, with the highest stunting rate in Central Java Province being in Brebes Regency at 29.1% in 2022. Pandansari Village is one of the villages in Paguyangan District with the highest stunting prevalence, with 129 children in 2023. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the stunting reduction acceleration program in Pandansari Village. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The focus of this study uses Budiani's effectiveness theory, namely. The results of the study are seen from five aspects, the first is the accuracy of the target in the aspect of the accuracy of the target of toddlers recorded by the posyandu cadres and village midwives so that the program is in accordance with the targets that have been previously determined and is in accordance with existing policies. Second, the aspect of program socialization where the existing program has been well socialized to program recipients through various existing activities which include stunting prevention. Third, the program objectives from this aspect, the objectives of the existing program have been effective because the stunting rate in Pandansari Village has decreased every year and also parents of toddlers have better understanding and pay more attention to healthy lifestyles for toddlers. And fourth, program supervision in this aspect, village cadres and midwives have provided regular supervision to program recipients and also provided reports to the village government, sub-district government and community health center every six months.  

This article examines the role of students of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra in Stabat Lama Village in supporting community development through an integrative approach that covers three main areas, namely religious moderation, stunting prevention, and extreme poverty alleviation. The religious moderation program is carried out through Maghrib Mengaji, Gebyar Islami, and interfaith dialogue, which has been proven to strengthen tolerance and social harmony in the community. The stunting prevention program is realized through the provision of supplemental food (PMT) based on local ingredients, which is able to improve the nutritional status of toddlers while preventing the risk of new stunting. Furthermore, the community economic empowerment program is carried out through ecoprint training with eco pounding techniques that produce works of selling value and open up opportunities for environment-based businesses. The results of the activities show that the three programs complement each other and contribute to improving health, economic independence, and socio-religious harmony. The real impact of the implementation of this program is not only felt in the short term, but also provides the foundation for the development of a more independent and sustainable society. Through the active involvement of students, KKN activities succeeded in connecting academic theory with real practice in the field, so that it was able to provide contextual solutions to village problems. The empowerment carried out also emphasizes inclusive community participation, especially vulnerable groups such as housewives and toddlers, so as to provide more equitable benefits. Thus, KKN in Stabat Lama Village represents a holistic, sustainable, and relevant service model to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Background: There are still shortcomings in the implementation of a truly safe and optimal thoracic examination protocol for toddlers in certain hospital settings. Furthermore, data related to direct radiation dose measurements and evaluation of the effectiveness of thoracic examination techniques for toddlers specifically in the local context in Indonesia are very limited. Objective: To examine the thoracic examination procedure that can be performed with a high level of safety without compromising the quality of diagnostic results and to evaluate the radiation exposure dose and thoracic examination techniques in toddlers at Hospital. Methodology: This study used a mixed methods approach with a convergent parallel design. Quantitative data were obtained from radiation dose measurements and examination parameters, while qualitative data were collected through observation, interviews, and group discussions, then analyzed thematically to understand the factors that influence radiation dose in infant thoracic examinations. Results: Research on thoracic radiology examinations in toddlers at Heart and Vascular Hospital was conducted systematically and in accordance with established procedures. Some limitations emerged from limited radiation dose records and inconsistent use of protective shields. Efforts to reduce radiation exposure include optimizing examinations, proper collimation, selecting exposure parameters, and educating families and staff. Continuous training and strict implementation of standard operating procedures (SOP) are essential to raise awareness of the ALARA principle. Internal policies and routine oversight are also needed to improve radiation dose monitoring, with the hope of improving the quality of radiology services and optimizing protection for toddler patients.

Stunting is a nutritional problem caused by prolonged nutritional deficiencies during the critical first 1,000 days of life (HPK). This results in growth disorders in children, resulting in a lower height or shorter stature (dwarfism) than the standard for their age. Objective: To provide information to parents of toddlers about the dangers and impacts of stunting. Nutrition education is one of the main strategies in stunting prevention by providing the community with an understanding of the importance of a healthy diet. This education includes: the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and the provision of appropriate complementary foods (MPASI), the introduction of balanced nutritious foods, especially animal protein, which supports child growth, and good hygiene practices, such as washing hands before eating and maintaining environmental sanitation. The activity was carried out by providing education on stunting prevention to parents of toddlers through outreach in Marente Village, Alas District, Sumbawa Regency. The media used in this activity were leaflets distributed to parents of toddlers. Parental knowledge after receiving the educational materials provided. Parental knowledge increased, a significant increase. Before education, only 25.0% of parents had high knowledge about stunting, while after education, this increased to 77.5%.

Nutritional issues among toddlers continue to be a pressing public health challenge in Indonesia, including in Kelurahan Pekan Kuala, where although anthropometric data have been systematically collected through the e-PPGBM application, they have not been thoroughly explored in terms of clustering patterns that may provide deeper insights. This study seeks to classify toddler nutritional status by applying the K-Means Clustering method to anthropometric indicators such as age, weight, height, and weight-to-height index. A dataset consisting of 648 entries recorded between January and March 2025 was processed using MATLAB R2014b with cluster variations set at 5, 7, and 9. The analysis revealed that the majority of toddlers were categorized as having good nutritional status, while a portion of the sample was identified as undernourished and some at risk of overnutrition, indicating the diverse nutritional challenges faced by this community. Furthermore, testing the variance across cluster configurations demonstrated that the 9-cluster model yielded the lowest variance score of 0.20, thereby representing the most optimal solution since it produced more homogeneous, balanced, and stable clusters compared to other configurations. These outcomes highlight the importance of data-driven approaches in public health planning, as the clustering results not only provide a clearer picture of nutritional distribution among toddlers but also serve as a foundation for more evidence-based and targeted intervention strategies. By offering a more granular understanding of nutritional variations, this research is expected to support local health authorities in developing customized nutrition programs, allocating resources more effectively, and ultimately improving child health outcomes in Kelurahan Pekan Kuala and similar communities across Indonesia, where malnutrition and overnutrition risks continue to coexist.

Gunung Kijang Subdistrict in Bintan Regency is one of the areas still facing various socio-economic challenges, particularly related to poverty issues. The problems faced include low income, limited access to education and healthcare, lack of employment opportunities, and low quality of life. Therefore, the Family Hope Program (PKH) is present as a social policy intervention from the government to help reduce the impact of poverty both directly and in the long term in Gunung Kijang by fulfilling basic needs, increasing participation in education, raising awareness of the importance of health, and empowerment through social assistance. This study aims to determine the extent of PKH’s effectiveness in reducing poverty rates in Gunung Kijang Subdistrict, Bintan Regency. The study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques include interviews, direct field observations, and documentation. In its analysis, this study refers to William N. Dunn’s public policy evaluation theory, which includes six main indicators: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and accuracy. The results show that PKH has a positive impact on beneficiary families (KPM). The program increases school attendance of children from poor families in primary and secondary schools, as attendance is an important component in the disbursement of aid. In addition, PKH encourages poor communities to be more active in accessing health services, such as community health centers (puskesmas) and integrated health service posts (posyandu), especially for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women, toddlers, and the elderly. The Family Hope Program (PKH) contributes to reducing the impact of poverty in Gunung Kijang Subdistrict. Although it has not fully resolved the root problems, PKH has the potential to be a tool to break the cycle of poverty and improve the quality of life of poor communities sustainably.  

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem in toddlers that remains a global concern, including in Indonesia. This condition is characterized by height that is not appropriate for age due to long-term malnutrition, repeated infections, and environmental and social factors. The impact of stunting not only affects physical growth but also cognitive development, future productivity, and increases the risk of degenerative diseases in adulthood. Various factors contribute to stunting, including biological factors such as the child's gender and behavioral factors such as maternal knowledge about nutrition and health. This study aims to analyze the relationship between child gender and maternal knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The research design used a quantitative cross-sectional approach. A sample of 73 respondents was selected using a stratified proportional sampling technique. Data collection was conducted through structured interviews using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements of toddlers. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis to describe frequency distributions, and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed no significant association between child gender and stunting (p > 0.05). This indicates that biological factors such as gender are not the primary determinant of stunting in the study area. Conversely, there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers (p < 0.05), indicating that mothers with low levels of knowledge are at greater risk of having stunted children. These findings emphasize the importance of improving maternal knowledge through ongoing nutrition education programs, health counseling, and promotive-preventive activities at community health centers. These interventions are expected to prevent stunting and other health problems in toddlers and support the achievement of the national stunting reduction target.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that has a long-term impact on physical growth, cognitive development, and the quality of human resources in the future. This study aims to determine the relationship between family income and nutritional status of toddlers on the incidence of stunting in the Bukit Cening Daik Health Center working area, Lingga Regency, 2024. This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 62 respondents selected through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, then analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between family income and nutritional status of children under five with the incidence of stunting (p < 0.05). This finding suggests that economic conditions and nutritional status play an important role in preventing stunting. Therefore, nutrition interventions targeting low-income families need to be strengthened to reduce stunting in the area.  

The free lunch program is a goverment initiative aimed at addressing the issue of stunting in Indonesia. This program focuses on toddlers, school-age children and pregnant women. Various opinions have emerged from the public regarding this initiative, especially through sosial media platform X (Twitter) and news portals. In this research, sentiment analysis was conducted to understand public responses to the program, whether they are positive, neutral or negative. To evaluate the accuracy of the sentiment analysis perfomed, a deep learning approach was applied using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm. The results show that public sentiment varies responses, on social media X tend to be negative, while those on news portals tend to be positive toward the free lunch program in Indonesia. Through LSTM-based testing, sentiment analysis on tweet data achieved an accuracy of 88.6%, with a precision of 84.6%, recall of 88.6% and an F1-Score of 86.3%. Meanwhile, sentiment analysis on news portal data reached an accuracy of 89%, with a precision of 81.7%, recall of 89% and an F1-Score of 85.1%.

Toddlers are the age group that most often suffers from nutritional problems, both undernutrition and severe malnutrition. Nutritional needs for children need to be considered early in their lives. Malnutrition can have unavoidable bad consequences, namely the worst manifestation can cause death. It is recorded that hundreds of millions of children in the world suffer from deficiencies, meaning that this problem occurs in a very large population. Objective: To determine the factors related to the nutritional status of children at the Moanemani Health Center, Dogiyai Regency. Method:This type of research is quantitative with a Cross Sectional Study approach, the research sample was 75 children with a total sampling technique. The data were analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Program For Social Science) version 16.0 application using the chi square test. Results: The relationship between maternal employment and p-value (0.02) <0.05, family income valuep-value(0.39) >0.05, maternal education p-value (0.21) >0.05, and maternal knowledge p-value (0.00) <0.05 on toddler nutritional status. Conclusion: Family income and pThere is no significant relationship between maternal education and child nutritional status,workMothers and mothers' knowledge have a significant relationship with the nutritional status of children at the Moanemani Health Center, Dogiyai Regency.. Suggestion: It is expected that mothers at the Moanemani Health Center can update their knowledge about nutritional status so that the nutritional status of children is also optimal.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that significantly affects the growth and development of children, particularly those aged 12–59 months. Posyandu cadres play a vital role in assisting parents in providing appropriate feeding practices for their children. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of training using booklet media in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cadres in stunting-related child feeding assistance. This research employed a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design involving 10 Posyandu cadres in the working area of  Health Center. The results of paired t-test and Wilcoxon tests showed significant improvements in knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.000), and practice (p = 0.000) after the intervention. The booklet proved to be an effective educational tool to enhance the capacity of Posyandu cadres. These findings recommend the use of booklets as a sustainable educational strategy in community-based stunting reduction programs.

Stunting as a condition of malnutrition with potentially irreversible results due to poor nutritional intake. The negative impacts caused by stunting include impaired brain development, decreased intelligence, impaired physical growth and body metabolism. The purpose of the study was to examine the incidence of stunted toddlers in Kedalon Village, Kalikajar District, Wonosobo Regency. The research method used descriptive analytical observation by conducting secondary data observation of the results of height measurements in Kedalon Village, a population of 193 toddlers was obtained and a sample of 10 toddlers who experienced stunting and the data was analyzed using descriptive. The results of the study showed that the height of stunted toddlers was the highest in the very short category of 6 (60%) and short as many as 4 (40%) toddlers, there were 10 stunted toddlers.