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Magelang City faces the challenge of limited land availability, with a total area of only 18.58 km2 and a high population density. Consequently, telecommunications infrastructure development requires a precise strategy. This study aims to analyze the business model and investment feasibility of Pole and Greenfield type telecommunication towers in Magelang City. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, this research processes secondary data from PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi Indonesia by applying feasibility analysis based on Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Break-Even Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The results indicate significant differences in cost structures; Pole towers proved to be more efficient, requiring an initial capital outlay of only 28.8% of the total capital required for Greenfield towers. Greenfield towers generated an NPV of Rp13.07 billion with an IRR of 20%, while Pole towers generated an NPV of Rp2.46 billion with a higher IRR of 23%. Pole towers have proven to offer a faster return on investment and better operational cost efficiency, making them the most strategic option to support network densification and the implementation of 5G technology in urban areas with spatial constraints like Magelang City.

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed organizational landscapes and driven fundamental changes in leadership practices and strategic management. This article aims to critically examine AI-based leadership by highlighting its opportunities, risks, and implications for strategic management. The study employs a qualitative literature-based approach using an integrative literature review strategy. The data consist of secondary scholarly literature relevant to AI, leadership, governance, innovation, and strategic management, which were analyzed through qualitative thematic analysis and conceptual content analysis. The findings show that AI-based leadership creates opportunities in the form of improved decision quality, faster strategic analysis, operational efficiency, stronger innovation, and enhanced organizational agility. However, AI integration also presents risks, including algorithmic bias, limited decision transparency, technological dependency, accountability challenges, and ethical concerns. This study confirms that AI does not fully replace human leaders; rather, it fosters a hybrid leadership model that requires technical, adaptive, transformational, and ethical capabilities. The study implies that the effectiveness of AI-based leadership depends on responsible governance, organizational cultural readiness, and balanced human–machine collaboration in supporting strategic management.

This study is motivated by the low learning outcomes in Mahfudzat among Grade 2C students at Pondok Pesantren Al-Madani Cikalong, as indicated by an average score of 54.2, which is below the minimum passing standard of 60, as well as low student attention during learning. This study aims to determine the improvement in students’ learning activity and achievement through the implementation of the Team Quiz strategy. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and Taggart model, conducted in three cycles using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The results show that the Team Quiz strategy is effective in improving both student activity and learning outcomes. Learning activity increased from 84% in Cycle I to 96% in Cycle III, while learning achievement improved from 77% (average score 70) to 100% (average score 86). Therefore, the Team Quiz strategy is proven to enhance the quality of Mahfudzat learning. It is recommended that teachers consistently apply this strategy and that schools provide adequate support to optimize the learning process.

This study is motivated by the low learning outcomes in Mahfudzat among Grade 2C students at Pondok Pesantren Al-Madani Cikalong, as indicated by an average score of 54.2, which is below the minimum passing standard of 60, as well as low student attention during learning. This study aims to determine the improvement in students’ learning activity and achievement through the implementation of the Team Quiz strategy. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) based on the Kemmis and Taggart model, conducted in three cycles using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The results show that the Team Quiz strategy is effective in improving both student activity and learning outcomes. Learning activity increased from 84% in Cycle I to 96% in Cycle III, while learning achievement improved from 77% (average score 70) to 100% (average score 86). Therefore, the Team Quiz strategy is proven to enhance the quality of Mahfudzat learning. It is recommended that teachers consistently apply this strategy and that schools provide adequate support to optimize the learning process.

Sustainability accounting plays a very important role for companies, especially in managing the operational impacts on the environment and the surrounding community. Therefore, the implementation of sustainability accounting has a significant impact, particularly in the banking industry sector. This study aims to analyze the effects of implementing sustainability accounting in the banking sector, with Bank Mandiri as a case study. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, focusing on the paradigm and analyzing the causes and effects of the implementation of sustainability accounting. The results show that the implementation of sustainability accounting affects the operations of Bank Mandiri, especially in efforts to reduce the negative impacts on the environment and society. One of the steps taken by Bank Mandiri is integrating sustainability principles into its operational strategy. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Bank Mandiri continue to strive to improve the company's environmental performance and expand sustainability programs that have a positive impact on society and the environment. In this way, the company can create long-term value not only for internal stakeholders but also for the broader community and the environment.

This study explored how a teacher’s writing habit functions as emotional expression within a demanding teaching routine. Specifically, it examined four aspects like writing as emotional release, writing as reflective practice, writing within a demanding teaching routine, and writing as an emotional coping strategy. A qualitative single-case study design was employed. The participant was one female teacher at SD Negeri 060 Pekkabata, Polewali Mandar, Sulawesi Barat, who had a very hectic schedule including full-time teaching, administrative duties, and private tutoring. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted via Zoom and WhatsApp chat, as well as document analysis of the teacher’s syllabus, lesson plans, blog, Instagram posts, journal book, and mobile phone notes. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that writing served as a powerful emotional release, helping the teacher process anxiety and accept difficult situations. Reflective writing occurred primarily during professional training periods and motivated her to improve classroom practice. Despite her demanding routine, the teacher maintained a writing habit by using multiple platforms, writing during natural breaks, and prioritizing short, happiness-focused notes. She considered writing equally effective as talking to others for emotional expression and strongly recommended writing to fellow teachers. The study concludes that a flexible writing habit focused on emotional release and small positive moments can be a sustainable, low-cost coping strategy for teachers facing overwhelming professional demands. These findings have implications for teacher well-being program and teacher education.

The rapid development of social media, particularly Instagram, has transformed consumers’ information-seeking behavior and purchasing decision processes, making information quality in digital catalogs a crucial factor in visual-based marketing. However, studies examining information quality in Instagram-based digital catalogs for highly customized products remain limited. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of digital catalog information and purchasing decisions on the @santflowersbouquet account. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, involving 95 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through validity, reliability, and Spearman’s Rank correlation tests. The results indicate that information quality is categorized as high, with accuracy (92.6%) and timeliness (86.3%) as the dominant indicators. Purchasing decisions are also in the high category, with the time of purchase indicator reaching 96.8%. The correlation test shows a positive and significant relationship with a coefficient of 0.621 (p<0.001), indicating a strong association. These findings suggest that improving the quality of digital catalog information significantly contributes to enhancing purchasing decisions. Therefore, businesses are encouraged to optimize information quality as part of their digital marketing communication strategy.

Taste.ki MSME, a café in Makassar, faces challenges from intense competition and an suboptimal digital marketing strategy, relying only on Instagram without a consistent content strategy. This study aims to design a website integrated with Instagram to strengthen Brand Awareness and increase sales. The research employed the Four-D method (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), and the website was designed using the Wordpress CMS. The results indicate that the website design was successfully implemented. The integration of the website with Instagram significantly improved Brand Awareness, evidenced by a Brand Recognition achievement of 88% and Brand Recall of 94%. Furthermore, this digital strategy positively impacted Taste.ki MSME's sales, showing an increase of 79.20%. This improvement confirms the crucial role of a website as an information hub and conversion channel in an MSME's digital marketing strategy to compete effectively in the digital era.

The internationalisation of SMEs in the era of the global economy is still faced with low strategic readiness, limited innovation capacity, and sub-optimal digital transformation. This study aims to test a model of SME internationalisation strategy based on innovation and digital transformation. The study employs a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design involving 200 owners or key managers of SMEs in East Java, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analysed using SEM-PLS through measurement model evaluation, structural model evaluation, and bootstrapping tests. The results indicate that innovation has a positive effect on digital transformation and internationalisation strategy, whilst digital transformation has a positive effect on internationalisation strategy. The indirect effect of innovation on internationalisation strategy via digital transformation is also significant, indicating partial mediation. These findings confirm that the internationalisation of SMEs becomes more effective when innovation and digital transformation are coherently integrated into business models and external market orientation. Implicitly, strengthening the global competitiveness of SMEs requires simultaneous intervention in business model renewal, digital capabilities, and policy ecosystem support.

This study examines the tourism development strategy to increase Local Original Revenue (PAD) in Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi. Despite having significant tourism potential, such as Bira Beach and the Pinisi shipbuilding tradition, the contribution of the tourism sector to PAD remains fluctuating and has not been fully optimized. Therefore, this study aims to formulate an effective and targeted tourism development strategy. The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach using observation, Likert-scale questionnaires, and documentation, with data analyzed through SWOT analysis, IFAS-EFAS matrices, and the Grand Strategy Matrix. The findings indicate that the tourism sector has strong internal strengths (5,09) and significant external opportunities (4,99), exceeding its weaknesses (4,56) and threats (3,95), placing it in Quadrant I (aggressive strategy). The results suggest that the most appropriate strategy is the SO (Strengths-Opportunities) strategy, which focuses on optimizing tourism potential, enhancing digital promotion, strengthening cultural-based tourism, and expanding investment in infrastructure. The study concludes that implementing an aggressive and integrated strategy can improve the tourism sector’s contribution to PAD and support regional economic development. These findings highlight the importance of aligning tourism potential with strategic planning to achieve sustainable fiscal growth.

This research specifically examines how the involvement of the community in the process of digitizing services at the population and civil registration office of Gorontalo City. Co-production is a collaboration between the government and the community to improve the quality, effectiveness, and satisfaction of services. The main problems in this study are the low participation of the community in population administration and challenges in the efficiency of services and the use of digital technology. The method used is qualitative descriptive through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that co-production has been implemented through community involvement in data verification, the use of digital services, and active communication between officers and the community. However, there are still obstacles such as low digital literacy and limited human resources. In addition, technology infrastructure and internet access factors also affect the optimization of digital services. This study concludes that co-production is able to increase the effectiveness, responsiveness, and accountability of public services, although efforts are still needed to increase institutional capacity and community participation in a sustainable manner as well as a more inclusive digital education strategy.

High dependence on the United States Dollar (USD) in international transactions has long been a challenge for economic stability in the Southeast Asian region, especially amidst global exchange rate fluctuations and geopolitical tensions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Local Currency Settlement (LCS) cooperation in supporting intra-ASEAN trade stability. The main focus of this study is how local currency mechanisms can mitigate exchange rate risks and strengthen regional economic integration as part of a de-dollarization strategy. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature review approach, relying on secondary data from central bank reports, ASEAN policy documents, and relevant academic literature. The results show that the implementation of the LCS framework, particularly in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, has provided more efficient transaction alternatives by reducing double conversion costs. However, its effectiveness still faces challenges such as low awareness among business actors, limited local currency liquidity compared to the USD, and the need for broader cross-border digital payment system integration. These findings imply the need for strengthened synergy between central banks in the ASEAN region and increased literacy for the private sector so that the economic stability benefits of LCS can be optimally achieved. This strategy not only strengthens monetary sovereignty but also encourages a more resilient ASEAN economic integration against external shocks.

Digital transformation in the public sector has driven various service innovations, including pension administration services for State Civil Apparatus (ASN). This study aims to analyze the development of digital-based public service innovations in pension administration and identify the benefits and challenges of their implementation. This study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by reviewing various relevant scientific articles from national journals that discuss the digitalization of public services and pension administration. The literature selection process was carried out systematically to identify, evaluate, and synthesize research findings related to digital-based pension service innovations. The review results indicate that digitalization of pension administration services through the use of electronic service applications and platforms can improve administrative efficiency, accelerate data verification and pension fund disbursement, and increase transparency and accountability in public services. The implementation of digital services also contributes to simplifying bureaucratic procedures and increasing service accessibility for retirees. However, the literature review also revealed challenges in implementing digital pension services, including low digital literacy among retirees, limited access to technological devices, and suboptimal dissemination of service information. The findings of this study indicate that the success of digital-based service innovations depends not only on technology, but also on human resource readiness, the organizational capacity of government institutions, and the level of public acceptance of the use of digital technology. Therefore, developing digital-based pension services requires a comprehensive strategy.

Adolescence is a transitional stage of development characterised by rapid biological, psychological, and social changes that increase vulnerability to the emergence of problematic behaviour. The increase in cases of juvenile delinquency highlights the importance of early detection as a prevention strategy. This study aims to examine the role of families and schools in the early detection of problematic behaviour in adolescents through a systematic literature review. The study used a systematic literature review method by analysing scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026 that discussed family involvement, the role of schools, and early detection of adolescent behaviour. Data were collected through a structured process of searching, selecting, critically evaluating, and synthesising the literature. The results showed that family factors such as parenting styles, emotional support, communication quality, and supervision have a significant influence on adolescent behavioural development. Schools also play a strategic role through counselling services, behavioural screening, mental health education, and collaborative interventions. Effective early detection occurs when families and schools work together through continuous communication and coordinated monitoring. Therefore, the role of families and schools is to strengthen efforts to identify and prevent behavioral problems so that interventions can be carried out more quickly to support the social and emotional well-being of adolescents. Strengthening collaboration and structured detection systems are important steps in reducing the risk of problematic behaviour in adolescents.

Hydrometeorological disasters increase the risk of infectious diseases due to environmental changes, damaged sanitation systems, and limited access to health services. These conditions highlight the need to strengthen community-based early detection systems as part of an early warning strategy. This community service activity aims to enhance the capacity of community health volunteers in the early detection and reporting of infectious diseases through the digitalization of a simple surveillance system. The program was implemented in disaster-affected areas, involving community health volunteers as key partners. The methods included health education on post-disaster infectious diseases, technical training on the use of surveillance instruments, and assistance in implementing health surveillance forms in accordance with guidelines from the Ministry of Health of the Republic Indonesia. The results showed a significant improvement in the knowledge of participants, with ≥80% of volunteers passing the post-test evaluation. In addition, participants demonstrated improved skills in recording, identifying symptoms, and systematically reporting infectious disease cases. The digitalization of surveillance forms facilitated real-time data collection and reporting, enabling faster responses to potential outbreaks. This program contributes to strengthening community-based early warning systems and enhancing the role of community health volunteers as the frontline in post-disaster infectious disease control. The implementation of this initiative is expected to support rapid interventions by health service facilities, improve cross-sector coordination, and serve as a replicable model for strengthening community surveillance systems in other disaster-prone areas.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on firm value and examine the role of audit committees and gender diversity as moderating variables in raw materials companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Using a quantitative approach with a sample of 58 companies selected through purposive sampling, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results show that CSR has a positive and significant effect on firm value, indicating that the higher the disclosure and implementation of CSR, the higher the market appreciation of the company. However, audit committees and gender diversity were not proven to be able to moderate the relationship between CSR and firm value. This finding implies that although CSR has been proven effective in increasing firm value through positive investor perceptions, corporate governance mechanisms represented by audit committees and gender diversity have not functioned optimally in strengthening this relationship. Therefore, companies need to consistently improve the quality of CSR implementation and evaluate the effectiveness of the role of audit committees and gender diversity policies so that they are not merely regulatory compliance but actually contribute to overseeing and directing the company's sustainability strategy.  

Slums are an urban issue that arises due to rapid population growth and the limited capacity of local governments to provide adequate housing and basic infrastructure. This leads to areas with low environmental quality, limited access, poor drainage, and high socio-economic vulnerability. A similar phenomenon occurs in Jambi City, which requires a sustainable handling strategy. This study aims to analyze the strategies implemented by the Department of Public Housing and Settlement Areas of Jambi City in addressing slums and assess their contribution to environmental quality. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to understand the policies, program implementation mechanisms, and institutional challenges. Data was collected through interviews with government officials, field observations, and analysis of planning documents. The results indicate that the strategy focuses on improving basic infrastructure, such as road construction, drainage rehabilitation, and the provision of settlement facilities. This program enhances environmental quality and accessibility but faces challenges such as budget limitations, suboptimal inter-agency coordination, and the socio-economic conditions of the community. Addressing slums requires a more comprehensive approach, including collaborative governance, increased community participation, and adaptive policies to ensure sustainable improvements.

This study aims to: (1) describe the integration of educational games in Islamic Education (SKI) learning; (2) understand students' learning experiences in learning Islamic cultural history in classes that integrate educational games; (3) examine the impact on the learning outcomes of class VIII students of MTs N 1 Wonosobo Research. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological research type. The research subjects include SKI subject teachers, madrasa principals, and class VIII students of MTs N 1 Wonosobo Research. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, observation of the learning process, and documentation studies. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, as well as drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the study indicate that the integration of educational games in Islamic Education (SKI) learning is implemented in a planned and contextual manner as part of the teacher's learning strategy. The use of educational games can increase student learning motivation which is characterized by increased enthusiasm, activeness, focus, and student participation in the learning process. In terms of learning outcomes, the percentage of student learning completion before and after the educational game integration both reached 100%, with a Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) of 68. However, the average (mean) student learning outcomes increased from 94.28 to 95.17, an increase of ±0.95%. This finding indicates that the integration of educational games not only maintains learning completion but also improves the quality of students' understanding of the Islamic Cultural History material. Thus, the integration of educational games has proven to be an effective learning innovation in improving student motivation and learning outcomes in the subject of Islamic Cultural History.

The global tourism industry is experiencing significant growth with a contribution of USD 11.1 trillion to the world's GDP by 2024. Maluku Province has extraordinary natural tourism potential, one of which is the Waai Tree House in Central Maluku Regency which offers a glamorous camping (glamping) concept with the natural beauty of the mountains. Despite having natural advantages, this tourist attraction faces problems of damaged access roads, lack of supporting facilities, and not optimal promotional strategies. This research aims to identify strategic factors through SWOT analysis and formulate effective development strategies to increase the competitiveness of Waai Tree House tourism in a sustainable manner. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with managers and visitors, visual documentation, and literature studies. The data is analyzed using SWOT analysis to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, then formulated into four development strategies. The results show the main strengths in the form of natural beauty, unique glamping concepts, and personal service, while the critical weaknesses are damaged road infrastructure and limited facilities. Opportunities include digital promotion and collaboration with governments, while threats include limited accessibility and competition for new destinations. The strategy formulation resulted in four approaches: SO (intensive digital promotion), WO (priority infrastructure improvement), ST (service differentiation), and WT (consistent facility updates) strategy. The implementation of the WO strategy is a top priority with a gradual roadmap of 6-24 months. This research contributes to a contextual strategic framework for the development of glamping tourism in the remote archipelago of Eastern Indonesia.

Data was collected through the listening method with the recording technique, then analyzed using mixed code theory in sociolinguistic studies. Data was analyzed using mixed code theory in sociolinguistic studies to reveal language usage patterns in the context of digital media. The research results show that code mixing serves as a multidimensional communicative strategy. First, mixing code is used to express emotions more effectively and authentically. Second, it serves to clarify the meaning of psychological concepts that do not have the right equivalent in Indonesian. Third, build closeness with an audience that has a bilingual background. Fourth, constructing a bilingual identity of speakers that reflects the social reality of Indonesian urban society. This research contributes to the understanding of the language practice of the Indonesian bilingual community in the digital era, especially in the delivery of personal and sensitive issues such as mental health, which requires a flexible and relatable communication strategy for millennial audiences and generation Z.