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The presence of Generation Z, who grew up entirely in the digital era, has triggered a fundamental transformation in Muslim religious practices, where social media has replaced conventional religious institutions as the primary source of religious information. This condition creates a paradox: Gen Z has become a generation that is highly religious online, yet is often disconnected from physical communities and traditional religious authorities. This study aims to analyze the character of Muslim Gen Z religiosity, identify its forming factors, and examine the impact of the digital era on their religiosity. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach using a library research method. The findings indicate that Muslim Gen Z religiosity is characterized by personalization, flexibility, and digital spirituality, strongly influenced by social media. These characteristics are shaped by massive digital technology accessibility, the effectiveness of contextual Islamic preaching on platforms such as TikTok, as well as spiritual needs and social pressure from the digital environment. The digital era brings positive impacts in the form of increased accessibility and religious literacy, but also negative impacts including shallow religious understanding, vulnerability to information bias, and potential exposure to extreme ideologies. This study implies the importance of an integrated digital religious literacy strategy through critical thinking-based Islamic Religious Education curriculum reform, enhancement of educators' digital capacity, and cross-sector collaboration to strengthen Gen Z's moderate and reflective religious understanding.

This study examines eschatology within the framework of Catholic faith as a reflection of faith and hope of salvation, not merely as a depiction of the end times. The background highlights the need to avoid reducing eschatology to a sole event of judgment day, by emphasizing the close relationship between eschatology, Christology, and soteriology, as well as the role of faith in the daily life of Catholic believers. The aim of the study is to articulate eschatology as an integrative framework that connects faith, hope, love, sacraments, liturgy, and inculturation in the Church’s praxis, and to consolidate the active participation of the faithful in the Kingdom of God, which has been initiated but not yet completed. The research method is descriptive-analytical literature review, comparing the views of experts, the Church Magisterium, and contemporary liturgical and theological documents to construct a comprehensive theoretical framework. The main findings indicate that Catholic eschatology functions as a moral and spiritual engine: (1) it integrates the “already and not yet” in the experience of faith; (2) it links eschatological hope with the actions of love, justice, and social liberation; (3) it bridges private faith with sacramental practice and inculturation. Theological and pastoral implications include strengthening faith formation, participation in liturgy, and an imaginative response to present-day social and environmental challenges. This narrative affirms a living, inclusive, and relevant eschatology for the Church’s life of faith in the contemporary era.

The crisis of human spirituality, which separates the inner dimension from the universe, is at the root of the current global environmental crisis. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively examine how Sufi principles are applied in environmental conservation practices at the Shadana Islamic Boarding School in Padarincang, and to determine how the teachings of the book Fathul 'Arifin influence the formation of the students’ ecological ethics. This research was conducted qualitatively through a case study. Data were collected through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation from September 22 to October 5, 2025. The results indicate that the concept of spiritual purification, or tazkiyatun nafs, is integrated with nature conservation by activating the seven lathaif. Environmental conservation, such as protecting springs and forests, is viewed as a form of spiritual devotion to the Creator, as human awareness of the elements of fire, water, wind, and earth fosters a strong inner connection with the macrocosm or the universe. The results indicate that the santri paradigm has shifted from anthropocentrism to theocentrism. This study proposes an “Eco-Sufism” model, grounded in the transformation of inner consciousness, as an alternative solution to address environmental degradation. This approach emphasizes that to foster sustainable harmony among humans, God, and the universe, ecosystem sustainability requires a strong foundation of spirituality.

The rapid advancement of information technology has reshaped modern society, in particular influencing how young individuals express their identities through fashion. The choice of clothing goes beyond mere practical functions, becoming a symbol of social status and values as young people attempt to adapt to rapidly changing trends, driven largely by digital platforms such as social media. These phenomena have simultaneously led to alarming waste production and environmental degradation, reflecting the mismatch between modern lifestyles and theological mandates on the management of creation. The fast-paced fashion industry, characterized by rapid production cycles and high consumerism, exacerbates the ecological crisis by generating large amounts of textile waste and contributing to detrimental practices in global supply chains. The study uses a qualitative approach, emphasizing literature research to analyze relevant literature and synthesize findings into meaningful discourse. Ultimately, it advocates a transformative catechesis that integrates ecological awareness into the formation of young people's faith, leveraging digital spaces to advocate for simplicity and community engagement in sustainable practices. The challenges faced in fostering this ecological awareness include the prevalence of a culture of instant gratification and the gap between knowledge and action, which hinders the alignment of belief with action. Theological reflection further emphasizes the spiritual implications of consumer behavior, placing ecological responsibility as a fundamental aspect of authentic expression of faith. Based on these insights, this paper underscores the importance for the Church to be proactively involved in the fight for ecological preservation, recognizing that true faith is manifested through tangible actions that honor the divine creation.

Amid the accelerating rhythm of digital culture, academic competition, and the changing patterns of student life in higher education, the formation of Muslim student character has become an increasingly urgent concern. A campus mosque can no longer be viewed merely as a place of worship; it must also be understood as a strategic nonformal Islamic educational space that nurtures spirituality, morality, social awareness, and student identity in a more contextual way. This study aims to analyze the role of the campus mosque as a space for shaping Muslim student character through the Islamic mentoring program at Masjid Syamsul Ulum, Telkom University. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach based on document study and thematic analysis of scholarly articles, mentoring program documents, and relevant works on campus mosques, religious moderation, and student character education. The findings show that the mentoring program at Masjid Syamsul Ulum is systematically designed through a clear structure, curriculum, methods, evaluation tools, and mentor regeneration, all of which are integrated with the institutional values of Harmony, Excellence, and Integrity. Socioculturally, the program functions not only as a medium for religious instruction but also as a process of value internalization, habituation of religious practice, strengthening of moderation, and construction of Muslim student identity within a technology-oriented university environment. This study proposes a conceptual understanding that the campus mosque can serve as a strategic space for shaping Muslim students who are religious, moderate, collaborative, and adaptive in the digital era.

Early marriage is a social phenomenon that remains prevalent in Indonesia and gives rise to various problems in family life. This article aims to analyze the implications of early marriage in light of the Code of Canon Law (CCL) Nos. 1055 and 1056 in the context of Catholic couples. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through a literature review of books, scientific journals, and Church documents. The findings indicate that the CIC affirms marriage as a sacred covenant between a man and a woman oriented toward the bonum coniugum (the good of the couple), openness to children, and characterized by unity and indissolubility. In the context of early marriage, various implications were identified, such as emotional immaturity that triggers domestic conflicts, a high risk of divorce, low levels of education, and impacts on the health of mothers and children. Additionally, early marriage also indicates a weak understanding of the sacramental dimension and family responsibilities, including childrearing. Thus, CIC Nos. 1055 and 1056 provide an important normative foundation that marriage requires human, spiritual, and social maturity for the realization of a wholesome and prosperous Catholic family.

Advances in digital technology have transformed the paradigm of faith proclamation, requiring the Church to optimize social media as a relevant catechetical instrument. This study aims to examine how the use of the TikTok platform can be optimized as an effective means of creative catechesis in connecting complex faith teachings for people in the digital era. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study technique, where data is collected from various scientific literature, Church documents, and relevant library sources. The research findings indicate that TikTok is an effective digital space for catechesis because it is supported by attractive audio-visual features, interactive features such as stitches and comments that enable two-way dialogue, and an algorithmic system that expands the reach of proclamation. The strategy of catechesis through short videos has proven to be able to change the perception of faith teaching that has become rigid to a more personal spiritual experience that is easily understood by all levels of society, especially the younger generation. The implications of this study emphasize the need for the Church to consistently adapt to digital culture and increase content creativity to ensure the continuity of inclusive evangelization amidst the dynamics of modern developments.

Knowledge should not only make human beings intellectually capable, but also guide them to understand the meaning and direction of life. However, in modern education, knowledge is often reduced to an instrument for obtaining grades, degrees, employment, and material success. This condition indicates a crisis of meaning in education, where knowledge grows rapidly but is not always followed by moral awareness and spiritual maturity. This article examines the Philosophy of Unity of Sciences as an alternative paradigm to restore the meaning of knowledge in modern education. This study uses library research with a descriptive-critical approach. The primary sources include the Qur’an, Hadith, Al-Ghazali’s Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm Al-Dīn, Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas’ Islam and Secularism, and the Javanese ethical text Serat Wedhatama. This article is also strengthened by the thoughts of Muslim scholars such as Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Al-Biruni, Ibn Al-Haytham, Al-Khawarizmi, and Ibn Khaldun. The result of this study shows that the Philosophy of Unity of Sciences views all knowledge as originating from Allah. Therefore, religious knowledge and general knowledge should not be separated or opposed to each other. Both should work together to form human beings who are faithful, rational, ethical, and responsible. In this sense, knowledge can be understood as “a way home”, namely a way to return to God, to the self, to humanity, and to nature.

The Qur'an al-Karīm employs at least four principal terms in referring to human beings, namely al-basyar, al-insān, al-nās, and banī Ādam. These terms are not merely synonymous; rather, each represents distinct yet complementary dimensions of humanity in constructing a holistic concept of the human being. This study aims to: (1) analyze the semantic meanings of these four terms based on mufrodat studies, Makkiyah-Madaniyah classification, and asbābun nuzūl; (2) compare the interpretations of classical scholars - Al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, Al-Qurṭubī, and Fakhr Al-Rāzī - with those of contemporary scholars - Sayyid Quṭb, Ibn ‘Āshūr, M. Quraish Shihab, and Buya Hamka; and (3) formulate their implications for Islamic education. This research employs a library research method using the tafsīr maudhū‘ī approach integrated with Izutsu’s semantic analysis model. The findings reveal that al-basyar represents the physical-biological dimension of human beings; al-insān represents the spiritual dimension in relation to ‘ubūdiyyah toward Allah; al-nās represents the social-collective dimension; and banī Ādam represents the intellectual-rational dimension inherited from Adam through the divine gift of teaching al-asmā’ (Qur'an 2:31). Collectively, these four dimensions provide fundamental implications for the development of objectives, curriculum, methodology, and evaluation within holistic and comprehensive Islamic education.

This study aims to analyze the strategies employed by ustadz and ustadzah at Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatul Islam (PPTI) Al-Falah in maintaining family resilience. The family, as the smallest unit in society, plays a crucial role in shaping individuals’ character, morality, and spirituality, particularly for those living in a pesantren environment characterized by intensive religious and educational activities. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews and observations involving married ustadz and ustadzah who reside within the pesantren environment. The results indicate that in building a household, conflicts are inevitable. Due to teaching responsibilities that often extend into the night, miscommunication may occur and potentially lead to domestic issues. Therefore, family resilience among ustadz and ustadzah at PPTI Al-Falah is developed through five main strategies: (1) spiritual strategies, (2) communicative strategies, (3) educational strategies, (4) social and environmental strategies, and (5) economic and time management strategies.

This study aims to analyze the understanding of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Harjosari II Village regarding Islamic financial inclusion and its contribution to expanding access to business capital financing. Although the national financial inclusion index continues to increase, the implementation of Islamic financial inclusion still faces challenges at the grassroots level. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques consisting of observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with MSME owners in Harjosari II Village and staff from KSPPS & BMT Syariah Sejahtera (SS) Medan. The findings show that MSME owners’ understanding of Islamic financial inclusion is influenced by religiosity and the perception of justice through the profit-sharing system. Islamic financial inclusion is implemented through a kinship approach and simplified administrative procedures for the informal sector. However, the main obstacles to expanding financing access include limited Islamic financial literacy, restricted financing ceilings, and entrepreneurs’ lack of confidence in formal banking procedures. Islamic financing contributes to increasing production capacity and providing spiritual peace of mind by offering capital alternatives free from usury (riba). This study recommends strengthening direct technical socialization and implementing more flexible financing ceiling policies to support MSME growth in suburban areas.

This study aims to analyze the strategies employed by madrasah principals to enhance teacher professionalism through the implementation of managerial functions, academic supervision, entrepreneurship, and socio-spiritual leadership at MAN 1 Bandung and MAN 2 Bandung. The study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive case study method. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, while data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that strategies for enhancing teacher professionalism begin with needs-based planning, followed by strengthening clinical academic supervision, fostering a collaborative and innovative work culture, and implementing continuous evaluation. The implementation of these strategies has a positive impact on improving teachers’ pedagogical and professional competencies, work discipline, and the quality of learning. The novelty of this research lies in the discovery of the “Resilient Professionalism” model a model of teacher professionalism that emphasizes resilience and adaptability to changes in curriculum, technology, and educational dynamics. This model is built through the synergy of the spiritual-managerial leadership of the madrasah principal and the collective efficacy of teachers to achieve sustainable quality in Islamic education.

This study aims to formulate an integrated Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning strategy that synthesizes the acculturation of Islam Nusantara and ecological ethics as a response to the fragmented character of conventional PAI learning which has not yet optimally integrated local cultural values and ecological awareness. This research employs a qualitative library research method with a systematic literature review approach, analyzing 28 primary sources selected from 67 identified literature published between 2019 and 2025. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis through six stages: familiarization, initial coding, theme searching, theme reviewing, theme defining, and report writing. The findings reveal that Islam Nusantara contains three relevant pedagogical principles cultural humility (tawadu' budaya), cosmological inclusivity, and peaceful transformation while Islamic teachings hold rich ecotheological dimensions through the concepts of ecological tauhid, khalifah fi al-ardh, amanah, and rahmatan lil 'alamin. Based on this synthesis, four integrated learning strategies are formulated: Contextual-Cultural Learning, Eco-Thematic Quranic Interpretation, Community-Based Ecological Projects, and Ecological Spiritual Reflection. This study proposes a new conceptual framework termed "PAI Nusantara-Ekologis," which positions students not merely as ritually devout individuals but as responsible stewards (khalifah) of the earth.

This study aims to analyze the role of liturgical inculturation in shaping the faith experience of the congregation through the practice of Inculturated Mass at St. Klemens Mandonga Parish. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach combined with literature review and a survey involving 96 parish respondents. The findings indicate that most parishioners perceive inculturation as an encounter between Catholic faith and local culture that helps them experience their faith in a more contextual and meaningful way in everyday life. The practice of the Inculturated Mass is considered not only to enrich liturgical celebrations through the use of local cultural elements, but also to encourage active participation among the faithful during worship. In addition, liturgical inculturation fosters awareness of the importance of preserving local culture in harmony with Christian values. Such contextual liturgical experiences help deepen the spiritual relationship between the faithful and God, strengthen brotherhood within the community, and build a more inclusive and harmonious communal identity. Therefore, liturgical inculturation plays an important role in shaping a more vibrant, profound, and contextual experience of faith within both the Church and society.

A mid the growing complexity of contemporary education, the challenge of integrating intellectual achievement with moral and spiritual development has become increasingly urgent. This study examines educational strategies in the Qur’an through the perspective of tafsir tarbawi, focusing on four core approaches: exemplary conduct, advice, dialogue, and storytelling. The research aims to explore how the Qur’an presents pedagogical methods that not only convey knowledge but also shape character and internalize values in learners. Employing a qualitative library research design with thematic and tafsir tarbawi approaches, this study analyzes relevant Qur’anic verses and supporting scholarly literature. The findings reveal that the Qur’an offers a holistic and dynamic model of education in which exemplary conduct functions as a behavioral model, advice serves as a means of value internalization, dialogue promotes reflective and critical thinking, and storytelling strengthens moral awareness through narrative experience. These strategies are interconnected and operate across cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains. The study concludes that Qur’anic educational strategies remain highly relevant for contemporary Islamic education, particularly in strengthening character formation, reflective learning, and the integration of values in educational practice.

This study examines the role of spiritual intelligence in shaping students’ understanding of happiness in the digital era from an Islamic psychology perspective. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research involves university students who actively engage with social media. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal a significant shift in the meaning of happiness, from a substantive and intrinsic concept to a more symbolic and externally driven construct influenced by digital culture and online validation. Nevertheless, spiritual intelligence functions as a reflective and stabilizing mechanism, enabling students to reinterpret happiness as a deeper, more meaningful inner state. From the perspective of Islamic psychology, true happiness (sa’adah) is grounded in closeness to God and the internalization of spiritual values in daily life. This study underscores the importance of spiritual intelligence in addressing psychological challenges in the digital age and fostering a more balanced and authentic sense of well-being among students.

Self-development is a crucial competence for navigating the professional world; however, many individuals face significant barriers in optimizing this potential. This study aims to formulate an integrative model of Quranic Tadabur and bibliotherapy as a professional therapeutic intervention in counseling, addressing gaps in existing literature. Using a library research method with content analysis, the findings indicate that Quranic Tadabur effectively enhances essential self-development skills, including self-awareness, work motivation, problem-solving, time management, emotional regulation, critical and creative thinking, and social collaboration. Within the bibliotherapy framework, the self-development process is structured through stages of motivation, incubation, follow-up, and evaluation. Furthermore, several counseling techniques are proposed, such as self-management, minimal contact, counselor-led management, and directed counseling, to support individual growth. This integrative approach highlights the role of spirituality in fostering holistic personal and professional development. The study contributes theoretically to the advancement of spirituality-based counseling models, particularly in the context of modern career development, and offers a conceptual foundation for future empirical research.

This study aims to describe and analyze the understanding of the faithful and the implementation of Eucharistic liturgical gestures at Saint Christopher Parish, Siborongborong. Liturgical gestures such as the sign of the cross, standing, sitting, kneeling, and striking the chest are essential elements of active participation in the Eucharistic celebration. These gestures are not just physical actions but carry profound spiritual significance. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the faithful’s understanding of the symbolic meaning of these gestures remains limited, which leads to a tendency to perform them mechanically without deep spiritual reflection. This lack of understanding results in a disconnect between the physical actions and their intended spiritual effects. Nevertheless, in practice, the faithful generally follow these gestures in accordance with the liturgical norms of the Church. Therefore, the study emphasizes the need for continuous and contextual liturgical formation programs. These programs should aim to deepen the awareness and spiritual engagement of the faithful in the Eucharistic celebration, ensuring that the gestures are not just performed but fully understood and internalized.

This study explores the integration of Creativity Education and Growth Mindset in Catholic Religious Education (CRE) at Senior High Schools and examines its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4, focusing on quality and inclusive education. Using a Systematic Literature Review based on the PRISMA 2020 protocol, the study analyzed 1,263 articles from scientific databases, narrowing down to 106 relevant studies. The findings highlight that Creativity Education fosters critical thinking, cognitive flexibility, problem-solving, and the integration of moral and spiritual values. Growth Mindset enhances students’ intrinsic motivation, perseverance, and resilience, creating an adaptive, innovative, and inclusive learning environment. The synthesis led to the development of an integrative learning model, which includes the Creative Reflective Learning Cycle, Faith-Based Project Learning, Creative Growth Dialogue, and Digital Creativity Integration. This model aims to holistically develop students’ cognitive, creative, moral, and spiritual capacities. The study demonstrates that the combination of Creativity Education and Growth Mindset enriches CRE pedagogical practices and supports the development of 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking, collaboration, digital literacy, and moral literacy. It concludes that project-based learning, digital technology integration, and curriculum adjustments are vital steps in improving learning quality and inclusiveness. The study recommends further empirical research to test the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Islamic education in this era of disruption faces a double challenge: the demand for complex professional competencies and the moral degradation of students. Law No. 14 of 2005 has established four pillars of teacher competency, but this framework is often interpreted administratively and has not touched on the deeper ethical-spiritual foundations. This study aims to revitalize the concept of teacher competency by synthesizing the values of adab mu'allim from the book At-Tibyan by Imam An-Nawawi into modern teacher competency standards. This study uses a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were collected through documentation of classical texts and indexed journal articles (2015-2025), then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The results show a strong overlap between the values of At-Tibyan and the Teacher and Lecturer Law. Personal Competence is strengthened by sincerity and muraqabah; Social Competence is deepened by rifq (gentleness); and Professional Competence is perfected by the concepts of itqan (validation of the chain of transmission of knowledge) and hirshu (fighting spirit). This integration offers a “Complete Teacher” paradigm who is not only technically professional but also has spiritual authority in shaping students' character in the digital age.