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Hipertensi atau silent killer menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas. Faktor yang berperan dalam peningkatan tekanan darah adalah kualitas tidur. Kualitas tidur yang buruk dapat menyebabkan aktivasi sistem saraf simpatis dan gangguan regulasi tekanan darah sehingga berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan derajat hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan kualitas tidur dengan derajat hipertensi pada pasien dewasa di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Karang. Metode Penelitian yakni desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien dewasa yang terdiagnosis hipertensi. Teknik pengammbilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Kualitas tidur diukur menggunakan kuesioner Pitssburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Derajat Hipertensi ditentukan berdasarkan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah sesuai klasifikasi hipertensi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat signifikan 0,05. Hasil penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan dderajat hipertensi pada penderita hipertensi. Implikasi pada penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya pemantauan dan peningkatan kualitas tidur sebagai bagian dari upaya pengendalian hipertensi. Edukasi mengenai pola tidur yang baik dapat menjadi salah satu strategi untuk membantu menurunkan risiko peningkatan derajat hipertensi pada pasien dewasa.

Stigma toward people with mental disorders affects not only individuals living with mental illness but also the psychological well-being of family members who serve as their primary caregivers. Families often experience social rejection, discrimination, and negative stereotypes, which increase emotional and psychological burdens while reducing the quality of care they provide. This study aimed to explore the impact of stigma on the psychological well-being of families caring for people with mental disorders in Pamekasan Regency. A qualitative study using a phenomenological approach was conducted involving 11 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify participants' lived experiences. The findings revealed one overarching theme, namely the negative impact of stigma, which consisted of three categories: effects on family members, family relationships, and patients. Stigma generated feelings of sadness, anxiety, psychological distress, sleep disturbances, social withdrawal, family conflicts, and changes in family interactions with patients. These experiences negatively influenced caregivers’ emotional well-being and their ability to provide optimal support for family members with mental disorders. The study concludes that stigma has a substantial adverse impact on the psychological well-being of family caregivers and the quality of care provided to people with mental disorders. Therefore, comprehensive interventions focusing on stigma reduction, community education, and strengthening psychosocial support systems are essential to improve family resilience and promote better mental health outcomes.

Stroke is a neurological disorder caused by impaired blood flow to the brain, resulting in brain tissue damage and various functional impairments. One of the common problems experienced by stroke patients is sleep disturbance, which may be influenced by neurological deficits, limited physical mobility, pain, and post-stroke anxiety. Persistent sleep disturbances can delay the recovery process and reduce patients’ quality of life. The long-term use of sleeping medications may lead to adverse effects; therefore, safe and easily applicable complementary therapies are needed. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of peppermint oil aromatherapy in improving sleep quality among stroke patients in the working area of Barebbo Community Health Center, Bone Regency. The method used was the implementation of complementary therapy through the administration of peppermint oil aromatherapy to stroke patients experiencing sleep disturbances. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after the intervention. The assessment results showed that before the intervention, patients experienced poor sleep quality, characterized by difficulty initiating sleep, frequent nighttime awakenings, insufficient sleep duration, and daytime fatigue. After receiving peppermint oil aromatherapy, patients demonstrated increased comfort, reduced anxiety, improved ability to initiate sleep, and better overall sleep quality compared to their condition before the intervention. Therefore, peppermint oil aromatherapy was found to be effective in improving sleep quality among stroke patients and can be used as a complementary non-pharmacological intervention in nursing care.

This study aimed to analyze the influence of workload and burnout on nurses’ sleep quality while controlling for age, gender, and education as potential confounding variables. A quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 156 nurses working in a private hospital in Depok City. Data were collected using a workload questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The data were analyzed using Chi-Square tests and multiple logistic regression. The findings showed that both workload and burnout had significant effects on sleep quality (p < 0.05), with burnout identified as the most dominant factor. Age and gender were also significantly associated with sleep quality, whereas education did not show a statistically significant effect. The regression model demonstrated excellent fit, indicated by a McFadden pseudo R² value of 0.908. These results suggest that occupational factors, particularly burnout, play an important role in determining nurses’ sleep quality. Therefore, effective stress reduction and workload management strategies are needed to support nurses’ well-being and improve sleep quality.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) in response to allergen exposure. This condition has become a significant global health concern because of its increasing prevalence and substantial impact on quality of life, sleep, cognitive function, and work productivity. AR is also commonly associated with other atopic diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. This article aims to review the current understanding of allergic rhinitis, focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies. This study used a narrative literature review method by analyzing scientific articles, clinical guidelines, and peer-reviewed journals published between 2015 and 2025. Literature sources were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, and relevant medical databases using keywords related to allergic rhinitis, IgE, diagnosis, and immunotherapy. The findings indicate that allergic rhinitis involves complex immune mechanisms characterized by Th2 lymphocyte activation, IgE production, and inflammatory mediator release. Diagnosis is primarily established clinically and supported by allergy testing such as skin prick tests or serum-specific IgE measurement. Intranasal corticosteroids remain the first-line therapy for moderate to severe cases, while antihistamines and leukotriene receptor antagonists are used as adjunctive therapies. Allergen immunotherapy has shown effectiveness in modifying disease progression and improving long-term outcomes. In conclusion, allergic rhinitis is a manageable chronic disease that requires a comprehensive and individualized treatment approach involving environmental control, pharmacotherapy, and immunotherapy.

Increased caffeine intake is commonly used by students to cope with academic demands, especially during examinations and the completion of final projects. Excessive caffeine consumption may affected sleep quality and potentially influence nutritional status. This study aimed to determine the correlation between caffeine intake, sleep disturbances, and nutritional status among final – year unsergarduated students at Dr. Soekardjo University. This study used quantitative approach with an observational analytic and cross-sectinal design. A total of 108 students participated in the study. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlations test. The findings indicated that the most of respondents with low caffeine intake experienced mild sleep disturbances, totaling 56 respondents (80%). Meanwhile, respondents with moderate and high caffeine intake mostly experienced moderated sleep disturbances, with 13 respondents (61.9%) and 9 respondents (52.9%), respectively. The results showed a significant correlation between caffeine intake and sleep disturbances (p-value=0.000). In all categories of caffeine intake, most respondents had normal nutritional status. However, no significant relationship was found between caffeine intake and nutritional status (p-value=0.351). In conclusion, caffeine intake was associated with sleep disturbances but not with nutritional status among final-year undergraduate students.

The physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, both physically and mentally, may be rather uncomfortable, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Pregnant women often report back discomfort, muscular aches, trouble sleeping, excessive exhaustion, and irregular sleep patterns. Mothers' physical and mental health as well as the health of their unborn children may be significantly impacted by inadequate sleep quality during pregnancy. To enhance comfort and the quality of sleep during pregnancy, one non-pharmacological technique is to use an aromatherapy maternity pillow. An ergonomic and ecologically sustainable invention to enhance mother comfort during pregnancy was the goal of this research, which intended to produce a Pregnancy Pillow Therapy product with pineapple leaf fiber and aromatherapy. A descriptive research design using a prototype creation technique was used in this study. The stages of the research included problem identification, literature review, product design, material selection, prototype manufacturing, and product evaluation. Data were collected through literature studies and observations related to sleep discomfort in pregnancy, maternity pillow utilization, aromatherapy therapy, and pineapple leaf fiber characteristics. The developed product was designed ergonomically to support the back, abdomen, waist, and legs of pregnant women. The addition of aromatherapy was intended to provide a relaxing effect and improve sleep quality. The use of pineapple leaf fiber also supports environmentally friendly product innovation through agricultural waste utilization. The results indicate that Pregnancy Pillow Therapy has the potential to become a supportive product for improving comfort and sleep quality among pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to evaluate product effectiveness directly among pregnant women.

Sleep duration and sleep quality are essential physiological needs that play a significant role in the emotional and behavioral development of children aged 3–6 years. Adequate sleep supports brain development, cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, and social interaction skills in early childhood. Conversely, poor sleep duration and low sleep quality may negatively affect children’s attention, mood stability, and ability to interact socially with peers and caregivers. This article is a literature review using a systematic review approach that analyzes 10 scientific articles published between 2016–2026 to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and sleep quality with emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. The article selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram, with articles sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. The findings consistently indicate that inadequate sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with increased emotional and behavioral problems, including hyperactivity, anxiety, emotional dysregulation, and difficulties in social interaction among children. Furthermore, sleep disturbances were found to negatively influence children’s emotional self-regulation abilities, which are crucial for adaptive behavior. Therefore, ensuring adequate sleep duration and improving sleep quality are important strategies to support optimal emotional and behavioral development in preschool-aged children.

Breast cancer has a high global incidence and is the most prevalent cancer among women. Chemotherapy is a primary treatment option, but it may cause various physical and psychological side effects that can reduce patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and examine the relationship between chemotherapy side effects and quality of life at the outpatient unit of Ciremai Hospital. A cross-sectional analytical observational design was applied, with 30 patients receiving chemotherapy between May and July as the sample. Data were collected from medical records and the Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, then analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. Most patients were aged 40–60 years, had a senior high school education, were housewives, and were in the 2nd or 5th chemotherapy cycle. Frequently reported side effects included nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, early satiety, dizziness, sleep disturbances, body pain, and alopecia, mostly categorized as moderate. Most patients had a relatively poor quality of life. The analysis indicated a strong positive correlation between chemotherapy side effects and patients’ quality of life, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.604 (p = 0.000 < 0.05), demonstrating a significant and strong relationship.

Breast cancer has a high global incidence and is the most prevalent cancer among women. Chemotherapy is a primary treatment option, but it may cause various physical and psychological side effects that can reduce patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and examine the relationship between chemotherapy side effects and quality of life at the outpatient unit of Ciremai Hospital. A cross-sectional analytical observational design was applied, with 30 patients receiving chemotherapy between May and July as the sample. Data were collected from medical records and the Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, then analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. Most patients were aged 40–60 years, had a senior high school education, were housewives, and were in the 2nd or 5th chemotherapy cycle. Frequently reported side effects included nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, early satiety, dizziness, sleep disturbances, body pain, and alopecia, mostly categorized as moderate. Most patients had a relatively poor quality of life. The analysis indicated a strong positive correlation between chemotherapy side effects and patients’ quality of life, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.604 (p = 0.000 < 0.05), demonstrating a significant and strong relationship.

Work stress is a condition often experienced by nurses, especially those working in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to the high demands of the job and the responsibility of caring for critically ill patients. Work stress that is not managed properly can have an impact on nurses' health, one of which is sleep quality. Poor sleep quality can reduce concentration and performance and increase work fatigue. This study aims to determine the relationship between work stress and sleep quality among nurses in the ICU of Ulin Regional General Hospital in Banjarmasin. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The research sample consists of ICU nurses selected using total sampling technique. The research instruments used are the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) to measure work stress and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality. Data analysis was performed using statistical tests to determine the relationship between the two variables. The results showed that most nurses experienced moderate work stress. In addition, many nurses still had five to six hours of sleep per night and experienced sleep disturbances. The analysis results showed a significant relationship between work stress and sleep quality among ICU nurses.

Contemporary Javanese music, particularly Campursari, blends traditional gamelan instruments with modern genres such as pop, dangdut, and keroncong. This hybrid style has gained popularity among Millennials and Generation Z, who often perceive it as familiar, calming, and emotionally comforting. This study examines whether listening to contemporary Javanese music influences the sleep quality of Generation Z in Yogyakarta. A quantitative research approach was employed using a survey distributed through Google Forms to 50 participants aged 19–26 years. The questionnaire measured listening frequency, emotional responses to the music, and perceived sleep quality using a Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive statistics, including the Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test, linear regression, and tests for heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity. The results indicate a positive relationship between listening to contemporary Javanese music and improved sleep quality. The familiar and emotionally soothing characteristics of Campursari appear to help listeners relax and reduce stress before sleep. These findings suggest that culturally rooted music may serve as a simple, non-pharmacological approach to supporting better sleep and emotional well-being among young adults..  

Type II Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder commonly found in the elderly due to insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic hormone secretion. This condition leads to elevated blood glucose levels, physical weakness, and decreased daily activity performance, which ultimately reduces quality of life. Blood glucose control can be achieved not only through pharmacological therapy but also by applying non-pharmacological approaches such as progressive muscle relaxation therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on blood glucose levels in elderly patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. This research employed a case study method involving Mrs. A, an elderly patient experiencing hyperglycemia with a fasting blood glucose level of 247 mg/dl. The intervention was carried out over three consecutive days, consisting of progressive muscle relaxation exercises for 15–20 minutes per session, accompanied by dietary education, light physical exercise, and fall prevention guidance. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and blood glucose measurements before and after the intervention. The results showed a decrease in blood glucose level from 215 mg/dl to 158 mg/dl after three therapy sessions. The patient appeared more relaxed, experienced reduced fatigue, improved sleep quality, and demonstrated better urinary control. Conclusion: progressive muscle relaxation therapy is effective in lowering blood glucose levels and improving both physical and psychological conditions in elderly patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

Old age is the final phase in the human life cycle, characterised by a decline in physiological function. Global data shows that the prevalence of old age will increase from 33.69 million to 48.19 million by 2035. One of the effects of this decline in physiological function is a disruption in the quality of sleep among the elderly. As many as 50-60% of elderly people in Indonesia experience sleep disorders. One way to overcome sleep disorders is through relaxation therapy. Progressive Muscle Relaxation is a technique performed by stretching and relaxing certain muscles to relax the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on the quality of sleep in elderly people. This research method involved a nursing care process from assessment to evaluation using a case study design. The research sample consisted of one elderly person with moderate sleep quality. The intervention was given for 10-15 minutes using eight movements with a frequency of twice a week for one month. The data were analysed using pre-test and post-test PSQI questionnaires to determine sleep quality. The results of this study indicate that progressive muscle relaxation training has an effect on improving sleep quality in the elderly.

Diarrhea remains a leading cause of mortality among toddlers in Indonesia, with a prevalence reaching 4,9%. In addition to pharmacological management through LINTAS DIARE, non-pharmacological therapies such as baby massage are increasingly being implemented as supportive interventions that families can perform to accelerate recovery. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of baby massage as a complementary therapy in reducing the frequency and intensity of diarrhea in toddlers. The method used involved identifying relevant articles from Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar databases using appropriate keywords. Based on the 6 articles obtained, baby massage significantly (p = 0,000) reduces the frequency and intensity of diarrhea through vagus nerve stimulation, which optimizes intestinal peristalsis and nutrient absorption. Beyond improving defecation patterns, this therapy is proven to significantly increase infant weight, accelerate motor development through central nervous system stimulation, and enhance sleep quality and comfort.

Irregular sleep patterns are a common issue experienced by university students and are often considered a normal part of academic life. However, such conditions can have negative effects on students’ learning concentration and cognitive function. Poor sleep patterns are generally influenced by various factors, including high academic workload, habitual late-night activities, poor time management, and excessive use of electronic devices at night. This study aims to examine the relationship between sleep patterns and students’ learning concentration, identify factors contributing to irregular sleep patterns, and analyze constraints as well as propose solutions to improve sleep quality in order to enhance learning concentration. The method used in this scientific paper is a literature review, which involves examining relevant scientific sources such as research journals and academic literature related to sleep patterns and students’ learning concentration. The results of the review indicate that students with poor sleep patterns tend to experience physical fatigue, decreased immune function, cognitive impairment, and difficulties in maintaining focus and concentration during the learning process. In the long term, these conditions have the potential to reduce academic achievement and learning motivation. Therefore, it can be concluded that effective time management, limiting the use of electronic devices before bedtime, creating a conducive sleep environment, and support from universities through health education play an important role in improving students’ sleep patterns. With regular and high-quality sleep, students’ learning concentration is expected to improve, allowing the learning process and academic achievement to proceed optimally.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep duration on VO₂Max levels among soccer school (SSB) students in Surabaya. VO₂Max is a key indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness and athletic performance. This research employed a quantitative cross-sectional design with an analytical observational approach. A total of 162 SSB students were included as research participants from several soccer schools in Surabaya. Data were collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess caffeine intake and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate sleep duration, and were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results revealed a significant relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep duration with VO₂Max (p<0.001). Students with higher caffeine consumption (≥3.5) and adequate sleep duration (≥7 hours) tended to have better VO₂Max values compared to those with lower caffeine intake and insufficient sleep. These findings indicate that appropriate caffeine consumption and adequate sleep duration play an important role in improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Therefore, proper education on healthy lifestyle habits is essential to optimize the performance of young athletes.

Anxiety disorders are common mental health problems among adolescents, particularly high school students who face academic demands, social pressure, and emotional changes. Family support, sleep quality, and academic stress are considered factors related to students’ anxiety levels. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family support, sleep quality, academic stress, and anxiety disorders among students of SMAN 1 Sumbawa Besar. An analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 114 students selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Perceived Social Support–Family (PSS-Fa), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Educational Stress Scale for Adolescence (ESSA), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test, while multivariate analysis employed binary logistic regression. Bivariate results indicated significant associations between family support, sleep quality, academic stress, and anxiety disorders (p < 0.05). However, multivariate analysis revealed that only family support and sleep quality were significantly associated with anxiety disorders, while academic stress was not significant after controlling for other variables. These findings suggest that anxiety prevention efforts should prioritize strengthening family support and improving sleep quality, alongside academic stress management within the school environment.

This research aims to classify students’ lifestyles using the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm. The dataset consists of 392 high school students obtained from Kaggle, with key attributes including study hours, social media usage, Netflix viewing duration, attendance, sleep quality, internet quality, mental health, and extracurricular activities. KNN was chosen for its simplicity in distance-based classification, measured using Euclidean Distance. The data was divided into training and testing sets, then evaluated using accuracy and a confusion matrix. The results show that KNN effectively classifies students’ lifestyles into four categories: healthy, less active, at risk, and highly at risk. This classification is expected to assist educational institutions, parents, and students in understanding lifestyle patterns and their impact on academic performance and mental well-being. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the relevance of applying machine learning in education, aligned with Islamic values concerning health, discipline, and the optimal use of time.

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases among the elderly and is often accompanied by insomnia. This condition can increase anxiety and reduce quality of life. Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is an effective non-pharmacological therapy to lower blood pressure and improve sleep quality. This paper describes nursing care for elderly patients with hypertension and insomnia through PMR application at RSUD Embung Fatimah Batam City in 2025. A case study approach was used through the nursing process, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. The main nursing diagnosis was sleep pattern disturbance related to physical discomfort and anxiety. Interventions included education and PMR exercises for six consecutive days. Results showed blood pressure decreased from 180/100 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg, sleep quality improved from difficulty sleeping to 6–7 hours per night, and anxiety levels reduced. Progressive muscle relaxation therapy proved effective as an independent nursing intervention to reduce blood pressure and improve sleep quality in elderly patients with hypertension and insomnia. Nurses should use this therapy as a routine non-pharmacological intervention in gerontological nursing practice.