Ananda Nurzahra Wahidah; Siti Fitriyah Handayani; Siti Wafa Amani Mathar; Ahmad Maftuh Sujana
The early rise of the national movement in Indonesia was marked by the establishment of Budi Utomo on May 20, 1908, and the expansion of Sarekat Islam as a broader socio-political movement. Budi Utomo, focusing on education and the welfare of indigenous people, pioneered national awareness among the Javanese intellectual elite. Meanwhile, Sarekat Islam, initially a trade organization, successfully attracted various social groups and expanded the national struggle into economic and social justice domains. Despite their different approaches, both organizations played a crucial role in fostering national consciousness, inspiring the emergence of other nationalist movements. The synergy between intellectual and socio-economic movements became a vital foundation in Indonesia’s struggle for independence.