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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term pharmacological therapy, increasing the risk of Drug Related Problems (DRPs). DRPs can affect the success of therapy, increase the risk of complications, and reduce the patient's quality of life. This article aims to identify the use of antidiabetic drugs, the characteristics of DRPs, and their clinical implications. The method used was a literature review of articles from 2016-2026 that are relevant to the analysis of DRPs in diabetes mellitus patients. The results of the study indicate that metformin is the most widely used antidiabetic drug, both as a single therapy and in combination. The dominant types of DRPs include drug interactions, inappropriate drug selection, inappropriate dosages, omissions from therapy, and use of drugs without indications. These DRPs can cause hypoglycemia, failure to achieve glycemic control targets, an increased risk of complications, and increased duration and cost of treatment. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that DRPs remain a challenge in the management of diabetes mellitus therapy, requiring more optimal monitoring and an active role of pharmacists through medication review to improve the safety, effectiveness, and quality of treatment.

Partographs are an important instrument in labor monitoring that functions to detect complications early, monitor labor progress, and support appropriate clinical decision-making. However, incomplete filling of partographs is still a problem in various health service facilities and has the potential to affect the quality of midwifery services. This study aims to find out the completeness of filling in the partograph in childbirth monitoring at the Wajo Health Center UPTD Baubau City. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive design. The research population is all partograph documents for the period November 2025 to March 2026 as many as 40 documents. The sampling technique used total sampling and obtained 32 documents that met the research criteria. Data were collected using an observation checklist sheet and analyzed univariately through frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that as many as 28 documents (87.5%) had not been fully filled out and only 4 documents (12.5%) had been filled in completely. The components with the highest level of completeness were uterine contractions (100%), drugs and fluids (96.9%), and labor progress (93.8%). Meanwhile, the components of maternal information (12.5%) and maternal condition (31.3%) had the lowest level of completeness. Most of the filling of partographs at the Wajo Health Center UPTD still does not meet the completeness standards. It is necessary to strengthen supervision, training, and periodic monitoring to improve the quality of childbirth documentation and support the safety of mothers and babies

This study proposes a computer vision-based system for automatically verifying the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in industrial environments. The system integrates the YOLOv8 object detection model, OpenCV for image processing, and a State Machine mechanism to manage the verification workflow. The verification process begins with employee identification through ID card scanning, followed by real-time detection of the head, safety helmet, and face mask using a camera, before generating a final PASS or FAIL decision. System evaluation was conducted using 250 testing scenarios to assess both model and system performance. The results show that the YOLOv8 model achieved an mAP@50 of 93.9%, while the overall verification system obtained 98.4% accuracy, 98.4% precision, 100% recall, and a 99.2% F1-score. The implementation of the State Machine contributed to a more stable and consistent verification process by ensuring that each inspection stage was executed in the correct sequence. These findings demonstrate that the proposed system can effectively support automated PPE compliance monitoring and has the potential to enhance occupational safety management in industrial workplaces. 

VIP Driving Course is a driving course institution that focuses on safe and effective learning. This course has experienced problems in the last five months, there has been a decrease in the number of students, recorded from January to May, respectively, there were 47, 33, 29, 25, and 21 students. This indicates a customer satisfaction issue related to service quality. The purpose of this study was to identify service quality, analyze the gap value and identify service dimensions or attributes that are prioritized for improvement. The number of respondents used was 112 respondents. This study used the SERVQUAL method to measure the gap between student expectations and perceptions, and importance performance analysis to determine improvement priorities. The results showed six attributes with negative gap values ​​including comfort of facilities, clarity of material, availability of cars, responsiveness of service, clarity of information, and attention to safety, and seven attributes with positive gap values ​​including vehicle cleanliness, neatness of instructors, time discipline, fast administration, friendly service, openness to input, and orientation to student needs. SERVQUAL analysis shows 4 dimensions with negative values ​​including tangibles of -0.21, reliability of -0.32, responsiveness of -0.29, and assurance of -0.24, while the empathy dimension obtained a positive gap value of 0.06. This indicates that most services have not met student expectations. Based on the IPA analysis, there are 4 attributes in quadrant I that are the main priority for improvement, with suggestions including rearranging the waiting room, lighting, air circulation, and supporting facilities. Increasing the number of training cars, optimizing the delivery of schedule information, procedures through digital media, and increasing attention to driving safety. Improvement efforts are made to increase customer satisfaction.

Industrial hygiene is a branch of public health research that aims to prevent illness and promote Industrial hygiene is an aspect of public health that prioritizes health protection measures for workers through the identification, evaluation, and control of various elements of the work environment that can cause health problems. The goal of implementing industrial hygiene is to prevent work-related illnesses and create a safe, healthy work environment that supports workers’ well-being. Industrial Safety and Health (IS&H) encompasses these various components, including risk identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation, and worker health monitoring, waste management, and emergency response planning. Workplace risks can include physical, chemical, biological, psychological, and ergonomic hazards. Hazard analysis is a crucial step in industrial hygiene as it helps identify and document potential health risks in the workplace. The hazard analysis process includes hazard identification, risk assessment, hazard prioritization, and risk control. The implementation of Occupational Safety and Health aims to ensure the protection of employees’ safety and health from potential hazards arising from work, while ensuring a safe and sustainable work environment. The implementation of OSH and environmental health also provides broad strategic benefits such as worker protection, cost efficiency, increased productivity, regulatory compliance, and enhanced corporate reputation.  

The implementation of healthy and safe school standards is a strategic effort to create a learning environment that supports the health and safety of elementary school students. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of healthy and safe school standards at SDN 6 Kendari, which is characterized by its proximity to a market and a main road. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design, involving field observations, the completion of a healthy and safe school indicator questionnaire, and interviews with educators. The results indicate that SDN 6 Kendari has met most of the healthy school indicators, evidenced by well-maintained buildings, adequate ventilation and lighting, proper sanitation and waste management, and students’ consistent practice of clean and healthy living behaviors. Regarding the safe school aspect, the school’s social environment is relatively conducive and free from risky behaviors, supported by the availability of a monitoring system and collaboration with relevant parties. However, several areas still require improvement, such as the equitable distribution of handwashing facilities, more strategic placement of portable fire extinguishers, and strengthening traffic risk mitigation measures due to the school’s location. Overall, the implementation of healthy and safe school standards at SDN 6 Kendari has been proceeding well, but requires continuous improvement to achieve optimal compliance with the standards.

Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is a serious occupational hazard among healthcare workers due to the risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. A preliminary study at Puskesmas X found that 60% of healthcare workers had experienced NSI. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work standards, skills, and training with the incidence of NSI among healthcare workers (nurses and midwives) at Puskesmas X, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total sampling technique was used, resulting in 37 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed majority of respondents were aged 26–34 years (67.6%), female (81.1%), and had experienced NSI (73.0%). Statistical analysis showed a significant association between work standards (p = 0.018), skills (p < 0.001), and training (p = 0.014) with NSI incidence. Poor work standards, inadequate clinical skills, and limited participation in training were strongly associated with higher rates of NSI. Community health centers are recommended to implement regular occupational safety training programs to improve the technical skills of healthcare workers.

Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is a serious occupational hazard among healthcare workers due to the risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens. A preliminary study at Puskesmas X found that 60% of healthcare workers had experienced NSI. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work standards, skills, and training with the incidence of NSI among healthcare workers (nurses and midwives) at Puskesmas X, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total sampling technique was used, resulting in 37 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed majority of respondents were aged 26–34 years (67.6%), female (81.1%), and had experienced NSI (73.0%). Statistical analysis showed a significant association between work standards (p = 0.018), skills (p < 0.001), and training (p = 0.014) with NSI incidence. Poor work standards, inadequate clinical skills, and limited participation in training were strongly associated with higher rates of NSI. Community health centers are recommended to implement regular occupational safety training programs to improve the technical skills of healthcare workers.

This study aims to examine the cyber policies implemented by the Indonesian government in light of the impact of digital technology developments on the younger generation, with a view toward achieving inclusive and youth-friendly governance. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a critical discourse analysis approach based on van Dijk’s perspective. The research was conducted in three stages: data collection, data analysis, and presentation of results. The data source for this study is Law No. 1 of 2024. The data consists of structured documents collected using the read, observe, and record technique. The results indicate that the cyber policies in Law No. 1 of 2024 mark a shift from a reactive to a proactive approach by prioritizing child protection. This policy expands the scope of protection to include personal data, privacy, and child safety in the digital space, while also affirming the responsibilities of Electronic System Operators. The research findings are expected to enrich understanding of the importance of a policy communication model that is creative, transparent, participatory, and responsive in fostering literacy and critical awareness regarding the use of information technology. Thus, this research is expected to contribute to supporting the realization of a more inclusive digital space governance that is youth-friendly and aligned with the strengthening of moral values and social ethics in community life.  

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has driven significant transformation in hospital management, particularly in operational efficiency, service quality, and patient safety. This study aims to analyze the implementation of AI in hospital management based on recent scientific evidence from 2020 to 2026. The method used was a systematic review guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. From 360 identified articles, a stepwise selection process was conducted, resulting in 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicate that AI contributes to improved operational efficiency through patient flow optimization, operating room management, workforce scheduling, and electronic medical record management. AI also enhances service quality through predictive data analytics and supports patient safety through risk detection and early warning systems. In conclusion, AI has strong strategic potential to support modern hospital management. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, including human resource readiness, data security, algorithmic bias, system interoperability, and investment requirements. Therefore, AI implementation should be carried out in a planned, ethical manner and evaluated from a health economics perspective.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) has become an essential part of digital transformation in the healthcare sector, aiming to improve the quality, effectiveness, efficiency, and continuity of healthcare services. In Indonesia, the implementation of EMR is supported by the Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 24 of 2022, which mandates healthcare facilities to adopt electronic medical records. However, the implementation process is often challenged by various technical and non-technical factors that may affect its success. This study aims to analyze the success factors and barriers to EMR implementation in hospitals through a literature review approach. The research method used was a literature review by examining and analyzing 11 scientific articles obtained from Google Scholar and other relevant scientific sources. The findings indicate that the success of EMR implementation is influenced by three main aspects, namely human, organizational, and technological factors. Supporting factors include management commitment, user readiness, continuous training, availability of information technology infrastructure, system quality, and organizational support. Meanwhile, common barriers include limited digital literacy among healthcare workers, insufficient information technology personnel, unstable internet connectivity, system errors, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, budget limitations, and the absence of specific standard operating procedures. Furthermore, EMR implementation provides significant benefits, such as improving service efficiency, facilitating access to patient information, enhancing documentation quality, supporting communication among healthcare professionals, and increasing patient safety. Therefore, successful EMR implementation requires synergy between human resources, organizational readiness, and technological infrastructure to achieve optimal healthcare service delivery.

Background: The application of ethical principles is an essential foundation in nursing practice, as nurses frequently encounter complex clinical situations that require a careful balance between professional demands, patient safety, and patient rights. Objective: This study aims to explore nurses' experiences in applying ethical principles within clinical nursing practice. Methods: This study utilized a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Participants were selected via purposive sampling based on their work experience in direct patient care. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings revealed four main themes: 1) patient autonomy and decision-making in care; 2) the interaction of beneficence, safety, and religious values in care; 3) justice and patient prioritization in care; and 4) effective communication and patient confidentiality. Conclusion: The application of ethical principles is influenced by knowledge, clinical reasoning, moral sensitivity, and teamwork. Continuous reinforcement of ethical education and organizational support are highly required to enhance the quality of nursing care services.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) is a mode of delivery frequently used in women with high-risk pregnancies. Over the past two decades, the rate of CS has increased significantly worldwide. Although CS can be a life-saving intervention when performed based on appropriate medical indications, it may also result in adverse outcomes for both mothers and infants and increase the clinical and economic burden on healthcare systems. Limiting CS rates can be achieved through the control of modifiable risk factors. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the factors contributing to the occurrence of cesarean section. Method: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted at Singasana Regional General Hospital, Tabanan Regency, from February to May 2025. The study sample consisted of 259 women who underwent cesarean delivery during the period 2020–2024. Data were collected through a review of medical records using a checklist instrument. Univariate analysis was performed to describe maternal characteristics and indications for cesarean section. Result: Most cesarean deliveries occurred in women aged 20–35 years (77.99%) and in multiparous women (48.65%). The most dominant maternal factor was a previous cesarean section (37.6%), while the most common fetal factor was fetal distress (42.7%). Conclusion: Maternal age of 20–35 years, multiparity, a history of previous cesarean section, and fetal distress were the dominant factors associated with cesarean delivery. These findings highlight the importance of early antenatal risk screening and optimal labor management to reduce unnecessary cesarean sections and improve maternal and neonatal safety.

The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has transformed conventional residential environments into intelligent smart housing systems capable of enhancing energy efficiency, security, comfort, healthcare services, and environmental sustainability. However, existing studies remain fragmented, focusing on specific technologies or applications rather than providing a comprehensive understanding of the smart housing ecosystem. Therefore, this study aims to systematically review the major technologies employed in IoT-based smart housing systems, examine their contributions to residential benefits, and identify the challenges and future opportunities associated with their implementation. This research adopted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach using the Scopus database as the primary source of literature. The review process followed a structured screening and selection procedure, resulting in the inclusion of 26 studies that met the predefined eligibility criteria. The findings indicate that Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Edge Computing, Fog Computing, Cloud Computing, Digital Twin, Smart Grid technologies, renewable energy systems, and advanced sensor infrastructures constitute the primary technological foundations of modern smart housing systems. The reviewed studies indicate that these technologies contribute to energy optimization, cybersecurity enhancement, intelligent automation, healthcare monitoring, safety improvement, and sustainable resource management. However, challenges related to security, privacy, interoperability, scalability, computational complexity, and implementation costs remain important barriers to widespread adoption. In conclusion, IoT-based smart housing systems have evolved into integrated and intelligent residential ecosystems, and future development is expected to be driven by the convergence of Artificial Intelligence, distributed computing, Digital Twin technologies, and sustainable smart infrastructure solutions.  

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) pada sektor pertanian masih sering diabaikan, khususnya oleh Komunitas Adat Terpencil (KAT) Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) yang memiliki keterbatasan literasi dan akses informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi video edukasi Safety Farming terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik K3 pada petani Suku Anak Dalam di Desa Bukit Suban. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif pre-experimental dengan desain One-Group Pretest-Posttest. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 45 responden petani laki-laki yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner wawancara terpimpin dan lembar observasi. Data dianalisis secara bivariat menggunakan uji non-parametrik Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test (? = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang sangat signifikan pada rata-rata skor pengetahuan responden dari 4,93 menjadi 8,82 (p=0,000). Rata-rata skor sikap mengalami peningkatan dari 37,78 menjadi 47,80 (p=0,000), serta rata-rata skor praktik meningkat tajam dari 5,02 menjadi 9,27 (p=0,000) pasca-intervensi.Video edukasi Safety Farming terbukti sangat efektif secara statistik sebagai media promosi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kognitif, sikap kehati-hatian, dan praktik K3 secara nyata pada petani KAT Suku Anak Dalam yang memiliki tingkat literasi rendah.

Road improvement projects require consistency between technical planning documents and field implementation to ensure that service quality, structural performance, construction time, and user safety are achieved. This article evaluates the conformity between planning and realization in the Pangkalan-Batas Jambi road improvement project in Rawas Ulu District, North Musi Rawas Regency. The study used a descriptive-quantitative evaluative approach based on field monitoring, project technical documents, comparative quantity analysis between contract and Contract Change Order (CCO), and identification of implementation constraints. The results showed that several work items changed during construction because initial planning data did not fully capture actual field conditions. Quantities increased for drainage excavation (+18.87%), roadbed preparation (+8.99%), aggregate class A base course (+12.51%), and AC-Base (+11.98%). Conversely, reinforced pipe culverts decreased (-58.33%), unsealed aggregate base/sirtu decreased (-43.50%), and tack/prime coat volume slightly decreased (-0.47%). The time schedule showed a minor delay of -0.13% in the first week but recovered in the second week, indicating effective field coordination. Main constraints included traffic interference, limited worker visibility, and equipment visibility. The study recommends more detailed site surveys during planning, stronger traffic management, stricter occupational safety implementation, systematic progress control, and routine post-construction maintenance to maintain road service life.

The governance of sand and gravel mining requires an integrated assessment of technical planning, occupational safety, environmental control, reclamation, and regulatory compliance. This study evaluated the governance of CV. Ria Bersaudara, a sand and gravel mining company located in Pasar Surulangun, Rawas Ulu District, Musi Rawas Utara Regency, using the Good Mining Practice framework. The study used a descriptive evaluative approach based on field observation, document review, indicative resource estimation, equipment productivity analysis, occupational safety and environmental risk assessment, and compliance mapping. The results show that the company has a basic legal foundation through an exploration mining permit covering 12.5 ha; however, several governance components require improvement. The indicative prospective area was approximately 2.50 ha, with an effective follow-up area of 1.80 ha and an estimated indicative resource of 21,600 m³ or 35,640 tons. Productivity analysis indicated that excavator capacity reached about 61 m³/hour, while one dump truck only transported about 10.3 m³/hour, creating a haulage bottleneck if the truck fleet is insufficient. Safety implementation was also not optimal, with personal protective equipment compliance estimated at only 55%. The study recommends validating permit documents, strengthening technical exploration data, improving drainage and sediment control, enforcing safety procedures, implementing progressive reclamation, and establishing daily operational records.

Substandard housing remains a multidimensional urban problem because it intersects with structural safety, indoor environmental quality, sanitation, clean water, poverty, and the effectiveness of policy implementation. This study evaluates the implementation of the substandard housing improvement program (RTLH) in Lubuk Linggau City by integrating a technical audit of housing quality with an implementation analysis based on the variables of communication, resources, implementer disposition, and bureaucratic structure. A descriptive-evaluative mixed approach was applied through field observation, technical scoring of ten rehabilitated houses, document review, and structured interviews with regulators, field facilitators, and beneficiary households. The results show that the cumulative technical conformity index reached 3.325 out of 4.00, equivalent to 83%, and was classified as adequate housing. Structural resilience achieved the highest score at 88%, followed by space adequacy at 85%, natural lighting and ventilation at 80%, and sanitation and clean water at 75%. Five houses were classified as adequate housing, while five were classified as fairly adequate/light substandard housing. The implementation analysis indicates that clear practical communication and facilitator assistance strengthened structural quality, but limited financial resources, weak environmental-health prioritization, and administratively oriented supervision reduced sanitation and ventilation performance. The study recommends standardized septic systems, stronger post-construction technical verification, healthy-housing education, realistic unit budgets, and quality-oriented monitoring.

Electricity service quality depends not only on physical network expansion but also on the availability of accurate, traceable, and spatially integrated asset data. This study aims to formulate an infrastructure inventory plan for electricity distribution networks as a basis for optimizing electricity services in Musi Rawas Regency, Indonesia. A descriptive-technical approach was applied using administrative maps, spatial planning documents, distribution network maps, feeder single-line diagrams, January 2026 customer data, bill of quantity documents for electricity and public street lighting, and the planned network drawing for Mandi Aur Village. The results show that 14 target districts served approximately 101,932 customers, consisting of 78,564 postpaid and 23,368 prepaid customers. Tugumulyo, Megang Sakti, Muara Kelingi, and Muara Lakitan represented the largest customer concentrations and should be prioritized for detailed asset verification. The proposed inventory object includes medium-voltage lines, low-voltage lines, poles, distribution transformers, protection equipment, public street lighting, panels, and operation-worthiness documents. The inventory database should include unique asset codes, coordinates, feeder identity, specifications, physical condition, photographs, operational status, and follow-up actions. Spatial inventory is expected to improve maintenance planning, outage response, public lighting management, safety control, and evidence-based network development.

  Latar Belakang : Pelaksanaan keselamatan pasien sering mengalami hambatan karena perawat belum sepenuhnya menerapkan perilaku caring secara optimal. Hubungan interpersonal yang kurang baik antara perawat dan pasien dapat menyebabkan munculnya kesalahpahaman selama proses perawatan. Tujuan penelitian secara umum adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku caring perawat terhadap keselamatan pasien di Puskesmas Batu . Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain analitik korelasional dan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh perawat yang bekerja di Puskesmas Batu sebanyak 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling.Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk menggambarkan karakteristik responden dan distribusi variabel penelitian, serta analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Spearman Rank dengan tingkat signifikansi 95% (? = 0,05) Hasil : Hasil uji statistik di atas menunjukkan bahwa nilai P (value) = 0.000(< 0.05) dan memiliki nilai r (korelasi) sebesar 1.000 dari total sampel penelitian (n) sebanyak 30 orang responden yang menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara perilaku caring perawat dengan keselamatan pasien. Perilaku caring perawat dengan keselamatan pasien memiliki nilai korelasi sebesar 1.000 yang menunjukkan bahwa arah korelasi positif dengan kekuatan sangat kuat.. Kesimpulan sebagian besar perawat di Puskesmas Batu memiliki perilaku caring dan penerapan keselamatan pasien (patient safety) pada kategori cukup, meskipun sebagian lainnya telah berada pada kategori baik.