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Land acquisition for public purposes is intended to ensure land availability for development while safeguarding the rights of affected parties through fair and equitable compensation as regulated under Law Number 2 of 2012 and its implementing regulations. However, disputes over land ownership often prevent direct payment of compensation, thereby necessitating the use of a consignment mechanism through the court. This study examines the implementation of consignment for disputed land and analyzes the legal standing and fulfillment of rights of both the prevailing and losing parties in the land acquisition process for the development and revitalization of Balohan Port, Sabang. The research addresses the problem of how compensation is secured and distributed when ownership remains contested, and whether the mechanism ensures legal certainty and justice for all parties involved. Employing an empirical legal method with a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews and document analysis. The findings reveal that consignment functions as a legal instrument to safeguard and temporarily suspend compensation payment until a final judicial determination is reached. Supreme Court Decision Number 1675 K/Pdt/2021 affirms that the prevailing party is entitled to full land compensation as recognition of proprietary rights, while building compensation may be relinquished through a peace agreement and social compensation partially allocated. Conversely, the losing party forfeits land rights but retains full building compensation and partial social compensation based on the settlement deed. The study concludes that dispute resolution in land acquisition extends beyond final court judgments and requires non-litigation mechanisms to ensure proportional distribution of rights, thereby reinforcing legal certainty, preventing further disputes, and ensuring equitable protection in public interest development.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health issue in Indonesia, with the number of cases not showing a decline. Pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In 2018, the number of TB cases in Aceh reached 41,595, with Aceh Utara having the highest number at 4,819 cases, followed by Bireuen with 3,636 cases, while Sabang recorded the lowest at 272 cases. The primary risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a history of contact with adult TB patients, as children's immune systems are still weak, allowing the bacteria to enter their bodies easily. This study aims to examine the history of TB contact in children at the Pediatric Clinic of Cut Meutia General Hospital. The research used a descriptive observational design, with 105 respondents, and data was collected from medical records. The results showed that the majority of respondents were toddlers (47.6%), most were male (54.3%), and 58.1% had good nutritional status. A significant percentage of respondents (77.1%) had a history of contact with TB patients, and 83.8% did not receive BCG vaccination. These findings highlight that contact with TB patients is a key factor in the transmission to children.

Biodiversity is essentially a reflection of the number of species and individuals inhabiting a community, as seen in the Pteridophyta group. These plants, which have evolved to have differentiated roots, stems, and leaves, play an important role in forest systems, primarily as protectors of the soil surface from the effects of erosion, in addition to contributing to the decomposition of organic matter that produces nutrients, and being a major part of the producer chain in the trophic structure. The Jaboi hot spring area, located in the Sukajaya District of Sabang City, exhibits unique ecological characteristics, influenced by the presence of the Jaboi volcano, which gives rise to geothermal phenomena such as fumarole activity, hot steam emissions, and the emergence of high-temperature water flows. This geothermal dynamic directly causes alterations in the physical and chemical conditions of the local soil, thereby shaping habitat characteristics and influencing the existence of vegetation, including ferns. To date, there is little scientific information available on the diversity of ferns in this area. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine and measure the diversity of ferns in the Jaboi hot spring area. The study was conducted in October 2025 using an exploratory survey approach to determine plots and purposive sampling techniques for field data collection. Diversity analysis was based on the Shannon-Wiener index (Ĥ) formula. Based on the identification results, 15 species of ferns from a total of 6 families and 433 individuals were found. The diversity index obtained (Ĥ=2.490171) indicates a moderate level.

This study analyzes the potential of leading sectors in five cities in Aceh Province: Sabang, Banda Aceh, Lhokseumawe, Langsa, and Subulussalam using the Location Quotient (LQ) method. This method is used to identify basic sectors that have comparative advantages and play a role as the main drivers of the regional economy. The data used are secondary data on GRDP by business field from BPS. The results of the study show that each city has different leading sectors according to the characteristics of its region: Sabang excels in the tourism and service sectors; Banda Aceh in the modern service sector such as transportation, finance, and energy; Lhokseumawe in the processing industry and trade; Langsa in the service, trade, and transportation sectors; and Subulussalam in the agricultural and MSME sectors. This study emphasizes the need for the formulation of development policies based on local potential to encourage inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Aceh Province.

The Free Trade Zone (FTZ) in Tanjung Pinang, established in 2008 along with the Sabang, Karimun, and Bintan zones under Government Regulation No. 41 of 2021, offers several strategic advantages. Its presence provides attractive opportunities for investors through various incentives designed to stimulate regional economic growth. The FTZ concept encourages export-oriented foreign investment and relies on strong infrastructure development to ensure that investors receive efficient and reliable services. Tax exemptions also serve as a major incentive, motivating investors to allocate their capital and thereby contributing to economic expansion. Investment activities play an essential role in accelerating national economic development and supporting both political and economic sovereignty. Through increased investment, a country can better utilize its economic potential and transform it into real economic strength, using both domestic and foreign capital. This allows developing regions to progress toward achieving levels of economic advancement comparable to more developed areas. Ports are a key element in attracting investors, as they help reduce export-related costs, especially taxes that are often relatively high. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Based on policy indicators, the establishment of the Bintan FTZ has not yet been fully effective, as many areas within the region still require further development.

The background of this research is the richness of Indonesian culture that is very diverse from Sabang to Merauke. Education and culture are now hot topics. Mathematics, as an important subject, is often considered difficult and boring due to monotonous learning and lack of motivation. Therefore, it needs improvement by connecting mathematical materials with local culture to make it more relevant in everyday life. The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of E-LKPD flat shapes on the collage of Joglo traditional houses based on ethnomathematics in the mathematics learning process of flat shapes material which is expected to enable students to love their ancestral culture. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the type of design research. Design research consists of 3 stages, namely experimental preparation, experimental implementation, and retrospective analysis. Data collection techniques with observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The results of the study are the implementation of E-LKPD collage based on ethnomathematics of Joglo traditional houses on flat shapes material runs effectively and can foster a sense of love for ancestral culture. This conclusion was obtained based on the suitability between ALT and HLT. Furthermore, the results of this study can be the basis for the development of the next E-LKPD by utilizing other cultures that are close to the daily lives of student.

Herbaceous plants play an important role in reducing the negative impact of erosion on the surrounding environment. Their high adaptability and solitary distribution patterns allow herbs to grow in various habitat conditions. One location that shows a fairly high diversity of herbs is in the Jaboi Hot Spring Area, Sukajaya District, Sabang City. This study focused on grouping the types of herbaceous plants in the area and assessing their diversity. Data collection was carried out using a 100-meter line transect method, which was divided into four observation stations. Each station consisted of six 2 x 2-meter square plots used for species inventory. The observation resulted in data on 22 identified herbaceous species, representing 13 families, with a total of 385 individuals. The Convolvulaceae and Fabaceae families were the most dominant groups with four species from each family. The level of species diversity was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index, resulting in a score of 2.82, which is classified as moderate. The findings of this study provide preliminary information on the diversity of herbaceous plants in the area, which can be used as a reference for further research and environmental management in the Jaboi Hot Spring Area, Sukajaya District, Sabang City.

Menopause is a natural biological transition that often presents with health issues such as anxiety, sleep disturbances, and mood changes, which may negatively affect women’s quality of life. With the growing number of women entering menopause worldwide, including in Indonesia, effective interventions are needed to help them adapt positively. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of psychoeducation on anxiety levels among premenopausal women in the working area of the Jaboi Community Health Center, Sabang City. A quantitative quasi-experimental pre–post design without a control group was employed. The study involved 60 premenopausal women selected through purposive random sampling from a population of 146. The intervention, conducted from May 16 to June 10, 2025, consisted of structured psychoeducational sessions designed to increase knowledge and coping abilities related to menopause. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results showed that the mean anxiety score decreased significantly from 20.13 (moderate category) before the intervention to 18.17 after the intervention (p < 0.001). These findings indicate that psychoeducation effectively reduces anxiety and enhances preparedness among premenopausal women. It is therefore recommended that routine psychoeducational counseling be integrated into primary healthcare services as a promotive effort to support women in facing menopause in a healthier and more confident manner.

Tropical forests play an important role as carbon sinks and biomass stores, including through the litter produced by vegetation. Litter contributes to nutrient cycling, maintains soil fertility, and is an important component of ecosystem carbon reserves. This study aims to estimate the biomass and carbon content of litter in the Jaboi Hot Spring Flow Area, Sukajaya District, Sabang City. The study was conducted in June 2025 using a 100 m long line transect method with four transects, each consisting of 18 1 x 1 m plots. Leaf litter samples were collected, their wet weight was measured, dried in an oven for 48 hours, and their carbon content was calculated based on the percentage of organic carbon of 0.47. The results showed a total litter biomass of 8,106 kg/m² with an average of 2,027 kg/m², and a total litter carbon of 3,809 kg/m² with an average of 0,952 kg/m². The highest values were found at Station 3 (2,354 kg/m² and 1,106 kg/m²) and the lowest at Station 1 (1,691 kg/m² and 0,795 kg/m²). Variations in values are influenced by soil physical-chemical factors, vegetation density, and climatic conditions, which influence production and decomposition rates. These results emphasize the importance of monitoring biomass and litter carbon to support forest management and conservation.

Shrub vegetation is an important component in the structure of vegetation communities that have a significant ecological role, especially in maintaining soil stability and supporting biodiversity. One area that has the potential for shrub vegetation diversity but has not been scientifically documented is the Jaboi hot spring area, Weh Island, Sukajaya District, Sabang City. The purpose of this study was to investigate various types of shrub vegetation found in the study area and to calculate the diversity index. Data collection was carried out using a one-hundred-meter line transect method divided into four paths, with one pair of transects directed towards residential areas and plantation areas, while the remaining two transects were directed towards areas that were still forested. At each transect there were six observation points with a distance between points of 20 meters, each point consisting of three quadrat plots measuring 2 × 2 meters. Analysis of the diversity index used the Shannon-Wiener formula (H’). The results showed that there were 9 shrub species from 7 families with a total of 169 individuals from four observation stations. The Melastomataceae family dominates the shrub community with two main species, Melastoma malabathricum and Memecylon caeruleum. The diversity index value is 2.17, which is included in the moderate category (H = 2–3). This diversity is influenced by the physical-chemical conditions of the environment, such as acidic soil pH (4.4–5.5) and relatively stable temperatures, although temperatures exceeding the optimum limit were found in some locations. This study provides initial data on the potential of shrub vegetation as a basis for ecosystem management and conservation in the area.

Biodiversity is a combination of the number of species and the number of individuals of each species in a community, one of which is in the Lichen group. Lichen is a form of mutualistic symbiosis between fungi and algae that morphologically and physiologically form a whole unit to produce new, unique individuals. This organism has an important role in the ecosystem, such as indicators of environmental quality, nutrient cycles, and soil surface cover. However, data on the diversity of Lichen species, especially in Geothermal areas, is still very limited so that information on their distribution and composition in the area is not optimal. This study aims to analyze the diversity index of Lichen species in the Jaboi Hot Spring area, Sukajaya District, Sabang City. The study was conducted in June 2025 using a combination of exploratory survey methods to determine research stations and transect line boundaries, as well as purposive sampling methods for Lichen sampling. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (Ĥ). The results showed that there were 17 Lichen species belonging to 11 families with a total of 2027 colonies found in all observation stations. The obtained diversity index value was Ĥ = 2.819214, which is recommended as moderate diversity. These findings indicate that although the Jaboi Hot Springs area has unique environmental conditions due to geothermal activity, it still supports a diverse range of lichen species. This information is expected to form the basis for further research on lichen ecology, biodiversity conservation, and its potential use in geothermal areas. Furthermore, the results of this study can make important contributions to environmental management and bioindicator-based ecosystem quality monitoring.

Indonesia is a diverse nation with a wide range of religions, ethnicities, cultures, languages, and traditions spread across its vast territory from Sabang to Merauke. This diversity, on the one hand, serves as a strength of the nation, yet on the other hand, it also carries the potential for conflict if not managed properly through the practice of tolerance. Students, as agents of change, hold a strategic role in maintaining harmony and peace, both within campus environments and in society at large. This study aims to analyze the implementation of tolerance values among university students in order to achieve peace in a plural society. The research employs a library research method with a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing relevant literature on tolerance, students, and social peace. The findings reveal that students’ tolerance can be manifested in academic settings, organizational activities, social interactions, and religious practices. However, its implementation faces challenges such as intolerance, radicalism, identity politics, and the misuse of social media. Strengthening tolerance values can be carried out through multicultural education, character building, and student engagement in cross-cultural and interfaith organizations. Thus, students are not only academic individuals but also moral, social, and intellectual role models who can serve as key drivers in fostering peace and harmony within Indonesia’s diverse society.

Free trade practices are formed based on agreements, which are binding on the parties and must be implemented in good faith. KPBPB Sabang is an area within the jurisdiction of the Republic of Indonesia which is separate from the customs area so that it is free from import duties, value added tax, sales tax on luxury goods, and excise (fiscal and non-fiscal incentives). KPBPB Sabang has the potential to become a shore base port to support the oil and gas (oil and gas) industry off the coast of Aceh, and oil and gas exploration activities in the Andaman (Sea) Block. Through SWOT analysis, the Sabang area has great potential to become a connectivity hub because it has met the minimum requirements. However, the synergy between regulations, facilities and services at KPBPB Sabang still needs to be improved, both as a multi-purpose port and as a shore base port.

Brebeg Village has great potential for producing Siamese oranges. Large areas of land have the productivity to produce more oranges, oranges can be harvested on average 18 tons per year. The large potential of orange fruit can improve the economy of orange farmers, the government Department of Agriculture provides assistance in the form of training on the care and rejuvenation of orange trees as well as providing training on processing orange fruit products in collaboration with UNAIC. The problems faced by Gapoktan are a lack of knowledge regarding planting oranges, an irregular irrigation system. The problems faced by KWT are lack of knowledge regarding orange-based products, product management and marketing. The method used is coordinating with all partners, providing knowledge and skills in creating orange cultivation facilities and orange-based food processing, implementing and evaluating activities. The results of Kosabangsa's research are able to provide benefits for community empowerment in this case, namely improving the economy through empowering Siamese orange farmer groups to become functional food-based processed products in Brebeg Village, Jeruklegi District, Cilacap Regency.

The diversity that exists in our country is something we need to thank Allah for because He is the one who created it. Everything that God has given is beautiful. Considering that Indonesia is a country that stretches from Sabang to Merauke, its diversity consists of race, ethnicity, culture and religion. Because of this diversity, we often encounter problems because we do not accept the existence of other tribes and religions around us. Allah fails us to be able to love each other and accept the existence of other people around us. The method used in this paper is the literature study method. The library study method is a method of searching for information from various sources that match the title of the journal being written, whether through books, journals, magazines, and also other relevant sources. Quoting information from various sources is carried out without comparing the opinions of each expert.

One of valuable asset of the nation is various caltural since all we know that Indonesia has rich variaty culture widely spreaded in the nation, from Sabang to Marauke. The country of Indonesia has enormous cultural capital, has the potential to function as a source of accelerating national development more quickly.A qualitative method used in this type of reseach and included checking incident. It is a technique that combines qualitative and descriptive analysis and is used to conduct this kind of research. Findings are presented in descriptive narrative, and the authors emphasize the natural and holistic focus and multi-method research.Family can take an important role in developing their childrent's socializing skill by helping the children to understand how to respect the tradition of Ash Table, and also introducing the kids  the value of religion  and culture that related to their ritual.Moreover, family has a good chance to take a part as a model for others by maintaining the consistency this routine excercise to practice. This practice has the ability to lead the family to be solid and an excellent reminder of their background of ancestors and spiritual that they share to one each other.

  Indonesia is a country rich in cultural norms. The diversity of ethnicities and beliefs creates the richness of Indonesian culture. Not only that, the wealth of Indonesia is proven by the vastness of Indonesia's territory. The territory of Indonesia is spread from Sabang to Merauke, consisting of five major islands and 17,000 other islands. Each island has its own cultural characteristics. This diversity can certainly have a good or bad impact depending on how we respond to this wealth. Often this diversity causes friction between one community and another. Therefore, the dynamics of the archipelago's insight are needed in dealing with these differences. As a nation that consists of various cultures, of course the era of globalization can be a threat to Indonesia. This writing aims to find out the function of the dynamics of the archipelago's insight in facing the era of globalization. This research was conducted with a qualitative research method and used a literature study to analyze the data. I chose this literature study as a research method to get research references from previous research articles that relate to the topic of my writing this time. Keywords: Dynamics of Wawasan Nusantara, Era of Globalization, Cultural Diversity.