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Abstract. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness and reliability of production machines in the process of making public street lighting poles (PJU) at PT. XYZ The main problem faced by the company is high machine downtime so that production targets are not achieved. Therefore, a method is needed that is able to measure machine effectiveness as a whole and identify the main causes of production losses. The method applied includes Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) to measure machine effectiveness based on three components, namely availability, performance and quality. The Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) approach is used to identify factors causing low effectiveness through Six Big Losses analysis. Apart from that, Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) are calculated to determine the level of machine reliability. The data used includes machine working hours, downtime, operating time, production quantities, defective products, as well as machine damage and repair data. The analysis results are expected to show the level of machine effectiveness and identify the dominant factors causing downtime. Based on these results, improvement proposals are prepared to reduce downtime, increase machine reliability and improve production productivity Keywords: Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Six Big Losses, Downtime, Efektivitas   Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan keandalan mesin produksi pada proses pembuatan tiang penerangan jalan umum (PJU) di PT. XYZ Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi perusahaan adalah downtime mesin yang tinggi sehingga target produksi tidak tercapai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode yang mampu mengukur efektivitas mesin secara menyeluruh dan mengidentifikasi penyebab utama kerugian produksi. Metode yang diterapkan meliputi Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) untuk mengukur efektivitas mesin berdasarkan tiga komponen, yaitu availability, performance, dan quality. Pendekatan Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab rendahnya efektivitas melalui analisis Six Big Losses. Selain itu, dilakukan perhitungan Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) dan Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) untuk mengetahui tingkat keandalan mesin. Data yang digunakan mencakup jam kerja mesin, downtime, waktu operasi, jumlah produksi, produk cacat, serta data kerusakan dan perbaikan mesin. Hasil analisis diharapkan dapat menunjukkan tingkat efektivitas mesin dan mengidentifikasi faktor dominan penyebab downtime. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disusun usulan perbaikan untuk mengurangi downtime, meningkatkan keandalan mesin, dan memperbaiki produktivitas produksi Kata kunci: Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Six Big Losses, Downtime Mesin, Efektivitas Mesin

Sukabanjar Village is one of the villages striving to improve basic infrastructure quality, particularly in drainage construction and road repair. However, limited understanding among village officials and communities regarding standardized construction cost estimation methods, specifically the Unit Price Work Analysis (AHSP), has become an obstacle in preparing accurate and efficient Budget Plans (RAB). This community service program (PKM) aims to improve the understanding of village officials, village hall staff, and Sukabanjar Village community regarding AHSP-based construction cost estimation planning as the standard reference for construction work cost calculation in Indonesia. The program involved socialization and training for 20 participants, consisting of village officials (RW/RT), village hall staff, and general public, introducing the basic concepts of AHSP, RAB component elements, and simple simulations of drainage and road work cost calculations. Evaluation was conducted through pre- and post-tests. The results of the activity showed a very significant improvement in participants' understanding. The average pre-test score was 42, which then increased to 75 in the post-test, reflecting an increase of 33 points (78.6%). In conclusion, the AHSP-based cost estimation planning socialization was effective in improving the village community's understanding of construction infrastructure budget management, although continued mentoring is still needed for optimal and sustainable implementation.

Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital anomaly requiring early diagnosis and prompt surgical correction. Gross type D esophageal atresia, characterized by both proximal and distal tracheoesophageal fistulas, is an exceedingly rare variant that poses significant diagnostic and operative challenges. We report a case of a full-term female neonate with a birth weight of 3,200 grams who presented with hypersalivation since the first day of life, accompanied by coughing and choking during feeding. Orogastric tube insertion failed, with the tube arrested at approximately 15 cm. The patient was referred with a diagnosis of neonatal pneumonia and suspected esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. Physical examination revealed tachypnea, chest wall retraction, and respiratory distress requiring ventilatory support. Babygram demonstrated the orogastric tube tip arrested at the proximal esophageal pouch with distal gastrointestinal air. Contrast esophagography confirmed proximal esophageal atresia at the upper thoracic level with suspected proximal fistula. Associated findings included bilateral pneumonia, right upper lobe atelectasis, and vertebral anomalies suggestive of VACTERL association. Intraoperative findings confirmed Gross type D esophageal atresia with proximal and distal tracheoesophageal fistulas. Both fistulas were excised, followed by primary esophageal anastomosis and transanastomotic nasogastric tube placement. Gross type D esophageal atresia is a rare congenital anomaly that should be considered in neonates presenting with hypersalivation, failed orogastric tube insertion, and respiratory distress. Anatomical subtype confirmation relies on intraoperative findings. Early surgical repair can be performed successfully; however, associated anomalies necessitate careful long-term follow-up.

Stroke patients often experience mobility limitations, which impacts access to dental health services, including denture care. This condition can lead to unmanaged dentures, thus impairing masticatory function, nutritional status, and quality of life. A home care approach is one solution to improve access to dental services for patients with special needs. To report the management of direct removable denture repair in a single visit in a stroke patient using a home care approach and to evaluate the clinical outcomes. This study is a case report of a 77-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent stroke and limited mobility. Examination and treatment were performed at the patient's home. The direct removable denture repair was performed using autopolymerizing acrylic resin in a single visit. Following repair, the denture demonstrated improved retention and stability and was reusable. The patient reported improved comfort while eating without any pain or post-procedure complications. One-visit denture repair through a home care approach is an effective and efficient method for stroke patients with limited mobility and has the potential to improve their quality of life through rapid restoration of oral function.

Currently, the management of the damaged goods reporting at the Class 1A Jambi District Court still relies on manual procedures through verbal communication and physical logbooks. This mechanism is prone to recording errors, risks of document loss, and complicates real-time monitoring of repair statuses. This study aims to design a web-based Damaged Goods Reporting Information System to improve the effectiveness, transparency, and efficiency of internal asset management. The research method employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques consisting of interviews, observations, and documentation. System development implements the Waterfall model, comprising requirement analysis, design, implementation, and testing phases. The result of the study deliver a web-based application that integrates features for report input, proof of damage photo uploads, admin validation, and real-time monitoring of repair status. This system successfully simplifies bureaucratic workflows, accelerates response times for damage handling, and minimizes administrative errors.

Submarine pipelines are vital infrastructures in aviation fuel distribution, carrying high risks of operational disruption, safety issues, and environmental pollution. In 2025, the aviation fuel receiving submarine pipeline at Integrated Terminal Ampenan was deformed due to mechanical pulling by MT Anargya I, causing system shutdown. This incident created risks of seawater intrusion, marine pollution, and potential fuel shortages at Lombok International Airport. This study evaluates the effectiveness of applying a double-ended draining method combined with an oil bubble trap as a fast, safe, and sustainable solution for submarine pipeline repair. Using a case study and descriptive-analytical approach based on the Continuous Improvement Program (CIP), the research analyzed quality, cost, delivery, safety, environmental, and workforce aspects. The results showed the method effectively drained aviation fuel without seawater contamination, prevented marine spills, maintained fuel quality within specifications, and completed repairs before critical stock levels were reached. Additionally, it provided significant cost savings compared to emergency supply operations and achieved zero safety incidents and environmental pollution. The integration of double-ended draining and oil bubble trap proved to be an effective, adaptive innovation with strong potential for replication and standardization in other aviation fuel submarine pipeline systems.

The use of moldboard plows in agricultural land preparation often faces wear problems on the share component, leading to increased maintenance time and reduced operational efficiency. This study aims to design and analyze a modular concept for the plow share to improve maintenance and repair efficiency without compromising structural performance. The research methods include field observation, component dimension measurement, design modeling using CAD software, and structural analysis using the Finite Element Analysis  (FEA) method. In addition, maintenance ease was evaluated through a questionnaire based on a rating scale. The results show that the modular design significantly improves maintenance and repair efficiency, with an average score of 4.59 categorized as very good. Structural analysis indicates that the modular design reduces maximum stress on the moldboard and slightly decreases deformation, reflecting improved structural stiffness compared to the conventional design. However, the Safety Factor on the share component remains below the acceptable limit, indicating the need for further development. Overall, the modular design provides an effective solution to enhance maintenance efficiency while maintaining the structural performance of the moldboard plow.

The Labor-Intensive Housing Program is one of the Surabaya City Government’s policies aimed at reducing poverty and unemployment through labor-intensive community empowerment. This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of the Labor-Intensive Housing Program (RPK) at the Pitstop business unit in Lidah Kulon Village, Lakarsantri Subdistrict, Surabaya City. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, utilizing Van Meter and Van’s policy implementation theory. Primary data were collected through interviews and observations, while secondary data were derived from official documents and relevant publications. The results showed that the implementation of the Pitstop Labor Intensive Housing Program has not yet been optimal. In terms of policy standards and objectives, the program’s goals have been clearly defined but have not yet been fully achieved. Regarding resources, the availability of facilities and funding is adequate, but there are still limitations in human resources, particularly skilled technicians in the automotive repair field. Inter organizational communication has taken place but has not been intensive enough to support business sustainability. Characteristics of the implementing agents indicate that the structure of the Labor-Intensive Housing team has been clearly defined; however, implementation in the field has not been optimal due to weak coordination and communication. Economic, social, and political conditions-such as a less-than-strategic business location and high competition from similar businesses-have also contributed to the low number of customers. Meanwhile, the disposition of the implementers demonstrates a positive attitude in supporting the Labor-Intensive Housing program. The Labor-Intensive Housing Program must be supported by professional mechanics through education, certification, and collaboration with the private sector and training institutions to ensure the quality of services. In addition, building public trust, coordination among stakeholders, and intensive support through monitoring and evaluation are key to the success and sustainability of the Labor-Intensive Housing Program.

This household appliance and machine repair and maintenance program is designed to promote economic independence for the community in Sedati Village, Sidoarjo, by strengthening technical skills based on local potential. The underlying problem of this activity is the community's high dependence on external repair services and limited ability to handle household appliance damage independently. Therefore, the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach is used, which focuses on utilizing the assets, potential, and capacity already possessed by the community. The program is implemented in a participatory manner, with stages including identification and mapping of local assets, joint planning, technical skills training, hands-on practice, and activity evaluation. The results show an increase in the community's ability and understanding in performing simple household appliance maintenance and repairs. Furthermore, the community is beginning to recognize economic opportunities from their skills, thus potentially developing independent repair service businesses. Thus, the application of the ABCD approach in this activity has proven effective in strengthening the community's economic independence in a sustainable manner through optimizing local assets. Going forward, ongoing mentoring efforts are needed to ensure that the potential that has been established can continue to develop and provide broader economic benefits.

This study investigates collaborative governance in road infrastructure repair in Pekanbaru City, Riau Province, driven by the urgent need to address the high number of damaged roads and the limitations of local government capabilities. Utilizing a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, data were gathered from interviews with five stakeholders, field observations, and supporting documents. The study applies collaborative governance theory by Emerson and Nabatchi to analyze road repair efforts in Pekanbaru, highlighting effective collaborative dynamics. Key findings reveal the establishment of a Coordination Team, role clarity, trust, and commitment among stakeholders as factors of success. Essential contributing elements include shared cooperation needs, consequential incentives, leadership support, and sufficient resources. However, challenges such as a volatile political climate, unequal information distribution, and power imbalances pose barriers to collaboration. Overall, the study concludes that collaborative governance in Pekanbaru's road infrastructure enhancement has yielded positive outcomes but calls for improvements in transparency, communication strategies, and the establishment of an integrated information system for effective progress monitoring. Additionally, independent oversight mechanisms are recommended to sustain equitable role distribution and responsibilities among all parties involved.

This article explores the concept and implementation of restorative justice in Indonesia, an approach currently at a crucial crossroads within the criminal justice system. Rather than solely focusing on punishment, restorative justice offers a path towards repairing relationships between victims, offenders, and the community, seeking solutions oriented around conflict resolution. Through comprehensive analysis, this paper identifies the philosophical foundations and regulations supporting the adoption of restorative justice, while dissecting the dynamics of its application across various levels of legal processes in Indonesia. However, this noble endeavor is not without its challenges, ranging from institutional resistance and uneven understanding to harmonization with the conventional criminal law framework. Behind every case lies a human story yearning for more substantive justice. Therefore, this article argues that the success of restorative justice does not merely lie in its legal umbrella, but in our ability to understand and embrace the human dimension in every dispute resolution process. Consequently, this paper recommends adaptive and collaborative strategies to strengthen the role of restorative justice, ensuring it can guide our criminal justice system towards a more just and dignified future for all parties.

This article explores the concept and implementation of restorative justice in Indonesia, an approach currently at a crucial crossroads within the criminal justice system. Rather than solely focusing on punishment, restorative justice offers a path towards repairing relationships between victims, offenders, and the community, seeking solutions oriented around conflict resolution. Through comprehensive analysis, this paper identifies the philosophical foundations and regulations supporting the adoption of restorative justice, while dissecting the dynamics of its application across various levels of legal processes in Indonesia. However, this noble endeavor is not without its challenges, ranging from institutional resistance and uneven understanding to harmonization with the conventional criminal law framework. Behind every case lies a human story yearning for more substantive justice. Therefore, this article argues that the success of restorative justice does not merely lie in its legal umbrella, but in our ability to understand and embrace the human dimension in every dispute resolution process. Consequently, this paper recommends adaptive and collaborative strategies to strengthen the role of restorative justice, ensuring it can guide our criminal justice system towards a more just and dignified future for all parties.

Project scheduling is an important element for shipyard companies to gain more profit. The most frequently used analysis is the Critical Path Method (CPM). However, in reality, planning using the CPM method is considered less efficient because it does not consider the productivity of each job in it and adds safety time which causes the project duration to become longer. In accordance with the above problems, a new method for planning project schedules is now being developed, namely Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM). CCPM is a project planning method that emphasizes the resources needed to carry out existing tasks in the project. This method is carried out by eliminating multitasking, student syndrome, Parkinson's law and providing a buffer at the end of the project. In this final project, a comparison of the duration of the results of applying the CCPM method with the Critical Path Method (CPM) method is carried out in a case study of ship repairs at PT. Galangan Kapal Madura. The initial project scheduling uses the traditional method in the form of a Gantt chart which is then broken down in more detail and completely with the relationship between activities in the form of CPM, and then will be compared with the duration of the results of CCPM scheduling which has eliminated multitasking, eliminated Safety time for each activity and provided a buffer in the work.

Osteoarthritis is a progressive degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage damage, chronic inflammation, and functional limitation. Current treatments mainly focus on symptom relief and mechanical correction, with limited ability to restore the biological environment of the joint. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell derived secretome has emerged as a promising cell free regenerative therapy with anti-inflammatory and tissue-repair potential. This study aimed to systematically review the role of mesenchymal stem cell secretome in osteoarthritis management, both as an intra-articular therapy and as an adjuvant following surgical intervention. A literature review was conducted on relevant preclinical and early clinical studies published over the past decade. The selected articles were analyzed to evaluate therapeutic mechanisms and clinical implications. The findings indicate that intra articular administration of secretome reduces inflammatory mediators, suppresses catabolic enzyme activity, and improves cartilage integrity in various osteoarthritis models. Early clinical evidence also suggests improvements in pain and joint function, especially in patients with mild to moderate disease. Furthermore, secretome shows potential as an adjuvant therapy after surgery by supporting biological recovery of joint tissues. Overall, mesenchymal stem cell secretome represents a promising component of a multimodal strategy for osteoarthritis management, although further clinical trials are required to confirm its efficacy and safety.

Problems in the transmission box of the Drilling Machine 438-02-814-0925 type (0.75 HP, 230/400V, 1425 rpm, produced in 1988) are the degradation of mechanical components for the pulley, V-belt, and rolling bearing. The purpose of maintenance and repair planning is to obtain maintenance costs, maintenance schedules in the period 2026, and the ratio of maintenance costs to profits. The maintenance and repair planning method includes collecting previous maintenance data; application of the inspection-replace-repair-overhaul (IRRO) method; evaluation of the working conditions of components, especially on the pulley, V-belt, spindle pulley (driven pulley), and rolling bearing; prediction of component service life; prediction of repairman costs; prediction of supporting equipment that will be used in maintenance; prediction of spare part replacement time or reinstallation of components after repair; estimation of maintenance and repair costs in 2026; and calculation of the ratio of maintenance costs to profits. The results of maintenance and repair planning obtained maintenance costs in 2026 amounting to Rp 4,627,000 with an estimated Drilling Machine rental rate of Rp 75,000/hour which has the opportunity to be rented for 400 hours/year, and a maintenance cost to profit ratio of 15.42% which implies that the Drilling Machine still has the opportunity to generate profits and is suitable for use in the coming years.

Punctuality is a crucial factor in ship repair projects because it directly affects operational efficiency, project costs, and the utilization rate of shipyard facilities. Delays in work completion can lead to increased costs, disruption of ship operational schedules, and decreased shipyard productivity. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and optimize the repair scheduling of Ship X at PT XYZ using the Critical Path Method (CPM). The research data were obtained from the actual project schedule compiled using Microsoft Project software, including the duration of each activity and the dependency relationships between tasks. The analysis results show that the project has one main critical path with a total duration of 74 hours. Most activities are on the critical path with a float value of 0 hours, while the Non-Destructive Test Penetrant Testing activity has a time slack of 1 hour. The application of the CPM method has proven effective in identifying critical activities, improving schedule control, and supporting managerial decision-making in optimizing ship repair projects.  

Aortic dissection is a cardiovascular emergency characterized by a tear in the aortic intima layer and the formation of a false lumen, posing risks of fatal complications such as rupture and organ malperfusion. Stanford type B dissections may be managed conservatively; however, complicated cases require intervention. Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) has emerged as the preferred modality, offering lower perioperative morbidity and mortality compared to open surgery. To report the first TEVAR procedure performed in Manado on a patient with Stanford type B aortic dissection, highlighting the technical approach, operative challenges, and clinical outcomes. A 62-year-old male with a history of hypertension and chronic chest pain was referred following a CT angiography that revealed a Stanford type B aortic dissection with an entry site in the proximal descending aorta. TEVAR was performed with stent-graft placement in zone 2 and a chimney graft to preserve perfusion of the left subclavian artery (LSA). Intraoperative aortography confirmed false lumen exclusion without endoleak. The patient showed significant clinical improvement and recovered without postoperative complications. The procedure was technically and clinically successful, with no major complications. Postoperative evaluation confirmed stable stent position and maintained LSA perfusion. This case demonstrates that TEVAR can be safely implemented in non-tertiary regional hospitals with thorough preparation. The first TEVAR procedure in Manado illustrates that this technique can be an effective solution for complicated type B aortic dissections. This experience marks a milestone in the development of endovascular services in resource-limited settings and may serve as a reference for similar institutions in Indonesia.

Extrinsic skin aging or photoaging occurs due to repeated and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB). Photoaging prevention can be done, one of which is the use of sunscreen. This literature review aims to review the role of sunscreen in photoaging prevention using a variety of existing literature. Sunscreen plays an important role in preventing skin damage caused by sunlight, especially in preventing and repairing skin damage due to sun exposure (photoaging). The addition of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A, melatonin, polyphenols, Polypodium leucotomos (PLE) extract as well as enzymes such as photoliase and T4N5 has been shown to increase protection against UV, visible light, and infrared-A rays and help repair skin damage. The use of colored sunscreen is recommended for protection from visible light. In addition, education on how to use sunscreen properly, such as reapplying every two to three hours and selecting the appropriate SPF and PA, also plays a big role in maximizing the effectiveness of skin protection from photoaging.

This study compares two service management models to evaluate the governance of the Wi-Fi network in Dusun Gita Nagari Baru. The main objective is to measure user satisfaction and service quality following the implementation of the COBIT 2019 framework, particularly the DSS02 domain (Manage Service Requests and Incidents). The research employed a mixed methods approach, using historical-comparative document analysis and Likert scale questionnaires distributed to 21 active users. The data were analysed through gap analysis, capability level mapping, and descriptive statistical analysis to identify performance differences between two periods. The results indicate that most indicators in the COBIT 2019 capability model are at Level 4 (Predictable), one indicator reaches Level 5 (Optimising), and another indicator is at Level 3. Indicators directly related to the DSS02 domain, such as ease of reporting, response speed, schedule accuracy, and repair time, demonstrate the most significant improvements. These findings support the hypothesis that implementing COBIT 2019-based governance for DSS02 can enhance user satisfaction and the quality of Wi-Fi network services in rural areas. This study also provides practical recommendations for the sustainable management of digital infrastructure in areas with limited access.

Unexpected downtime of a 2 kg/hour coffee grinder is crucial in cafe operations, thus less guaranteeing the availability of the grinder. The purpose of component replacement and repair planning is to obtain a prediction of the maintenance and repair schedule and costs in the 2026 period. The component replacement planning method includes collecting previous maintenance and repair data, applying the inspection-replace-repair-overhaul (IRRO) method, assessing component conditions, predicting component life, predicting technician costs, predicting supporting work equipment and supporting materials to be used in maintenance, predicting the time to replace spare parts or reinstall components after repair, estimating maintenance and repair costs for the 2026 period, and calculating the ratio of maintenance costs to profits. The results of component replacement and repair planning obtained maintenance costs for the 2026 period are IDR 2,350,000, - with an estimated coffee grinder rental rate of IDR 25,000/hour which has the potential to be rented for 1440 hours/year, and the ratio of maintenance costs to profits is 6.5% which implies that the coffee grinder with a capacity of 2 kg / hour is still suitable for use for the next few years and still has the opportunity to make a profit.