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This study aims to analyze the influence of digital experience and customer experience on passenger loyalty on the Progo Train route, Pasar Senen–Lempuyangan. The increasing digitalization of public transportation services through the Access by KAI application has highlighted the importance of examining the quality of digital experience and customer experience in maintaining passenger loyalty. The study employed a quantitative approach with a causal associative design. Data were collected from 150 respondents through a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software (Ringle et al., 2024). The results of the outer model evaluation showed that all indicators had outer loadings > 0.70, Average Variance Extracted (AVE) > 0.50, Composite Reliability (CR) and Cronbach's alpha > 0.70, thus all constructs were declared valid and reliable. The inner model test shows that digital experience has a positive and significant effect on passenger loyalty (β = 0.192; T = 2.237; p = 0.025). Customer experience also has a positive and significant effect on passenger loyalty (β = 0.243; T = 3.268; p = 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.133 indicates that both variables explain 13.3% of the variance in passenger loyalty. The customer experience variable has a more dominant influence than digital experience on Progo Train passenger loyalty.

The rapid population growth in urban areas has caused various complex problems, such as congestion, air pollution, and the high use of private vehicles, so that it becomes a challenge in realizing sustainable cities and settlements. Public transportation is present as one of the solutions in overcoming these problems because it can increase community mobility and reduce negative impacts on the environment. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT), TransJakarta, and Electric Rail Trains (KRL) in supporting the achievement of SDGs 11 Sustainable Cities and Settlements. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach. The results show that the MRT and KRL contribute to efforts to reduce carbon emissions and congestion, TransJakarta excels in the aspect of cost affordability while the LRT plays a role in improving urban connectivity efficiently. Thus, public transportation palas an important role in realizing sustainable cities and settlements with the integration between modes of public transportation which is the main factor in supporting the achievement of SDGs 11 optimally.

Online transportation has become an essential component of modern urban mobility, significantly transforming the way people travel while creating new challenges related to service quality, safety, customer satisfaction, sustainability, and its impact on conventional public transportation. This study aims to examine the development of research on online transportation through a bibliometric analysis combined with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data were collected from the Scopus database using the keyword "Online Transportation" and filtered using the PRISMA framework, resulting in 90 eligible articles for analysis. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer to identify publication trends, leading contributing countries, author affiliations, journal sources, and the most frequently occurring keywords. The findings reveal that research on online transportation remains relatively limited despite showing a gradual increase in recent years. Indonesia emerged as the country with the highest number of publications, followed by the United States, China, Japan, Malaysia, and the United Kingdom. Frequently occurring keywords indicate that online transportation research is commonly associated with traffic management, drivers, passenger safety, customer satisfaction, service quality, employment, and user loyalty. These findings suggest substantial opportunities for future studies, particularly in the areas of regulatory frameworks, sustainable transportation, traffic safety, digital technology integration, and the development of intelligent transportation systems to support more efficient, inclusive, and sustainable urban mobility.

Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) requires an efficient and adaptive supply chain system to ensure timely distribution, cost efficiency, and adequate nutritional delivery for a large number of beneficiaries. However, conventional supply chain approaches are generally static and unable to respond effectively to dynamic demand, supply uncertainty, and logistical constraints. This study proposes a Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning (MORL) model to optimize the MBG supply chain by simultaneously considering distribution cost, delivery timeliness, service level, nutritional adequacy, and food waste reduction. The model is developed using a simulation-based environment representing real-world supply chain conditions, including demand variability, transportation limitations, and kitchen capacity constraints. The results show that the proposed approach achieves cost reductions of 15–22%, improves delivery timeliness by 18–25%, maintains a service level above 90%, increases nutritional fulfillment by 12–18%, and reduces food waste by 10–15% compared to baseline methods. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrates the robustness of the model, with minimal performance degradation under disruption scenarios. These findings indicate that Reinforcement Learning provides a scalable and adaptive solution for optimizing large-scale public food distribution systems. The proposed model contributes both theoretically by integrating multi-objective optimization within an RL framework and practically by supporting data-driven decision-making for improving the effectiveness of the MBG program in Indonesia.

The digital transformation of Indonesia's political landscape has created space for the emergence of a new populist narrative based on vertical social mobility. This study aims to analyze the construction of the "Anak Kampung" identity used by Bahlil Lahadalia as an instrument of political branding on social media. Using netnography and a four-level Cyber ​​Media Analysis (AMS) tool, this study explores how past marginalized experiences—such as being a cake seller, a conductor, and a public transportation driver—are reconstructed into symbolic capital in the digital space. The results show that Bahlil carried out effective "impression management" through visual performativity and narratives of struggle, which succeeded in building affective loyalty among constituents across generations. However, this branding also faces challenges in the form of digital skepticism regarding academic integrity and controversial public policies. This study concludes that the success of political branding in the digital era depends heavily on actors' ability to navigate the logic of platform algorithms while maintaining a sense of authenticity.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Trans Banten Program in supporting the development of public transportation in Serang City. The research uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews, documentation and literature study, then analyzed interactively. The research results show that the Trans Banten Program is quite effective in increasing community accessibility and mobility, especially towards areas of education, government and public services. This service also provides economic benefits through reduced transportation costs and is supported by facilities that are relatively comfortable and safe for users. In addition, the increase in the number of passengers shows the public's acceptance and need for public transportation. However, the effectiveness of the program is not yet optimal because there are still obstacles in the form of fleet limitations, inaccurate operational schedules, passenger density during peak hours, and limited service information. Therefore, it is necessary to improve service quality, add fleets, and strengthen information systems to support the sustainability and optimization of the Trans Banten Program as public transportation in Serang City.

Primary healthcare centers generate both medical and non-medical waste that may pose environmental and public health risks if not properly managed. This study aims to describe the waste management practices at Kesumadadi Public Health Center, Bekri Subdistrict, Central Lampung Regency, in 2025. This research employed a descriptive design conducted in May 2025 at the Kesumadadi Public Health Center. Data were collected through observation and interviews as primary data and secondary data from the health center. Data processing included editing, coding, tabulating, and cleaning, while data analysis was carried out using checklists and questionnaires. The results showed that the segregation of medical and non-medical solid waste was not fully in accordance with standards, waste transportation to temporary storage areas did not use trolleys and lacked designated routes, there was no wastewater treatment facility for liquid waste, and the use of personal protective equipment by staff was not optimal. Waste management practices at the Kesumadadi Public Health Center have not met the required standards, particularly in waste segregation, transportation, liquid waste treatment, and occupational safety, therefore improvements are needed to reduce environmental and health risks.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of East Flores Regency in managing the eruption disaster of Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki during the pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster phases. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method involving 18 informants from BPBD and affected communities in Wulanggitang and Ile Bura Sub-districts. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that during the pre-disaster phase, BPBD implemented preparedness measures through disaster-prone area mapping, the establishment of Disaster Preparedness Teams and Disaster-Resilient Villages, public outreach, and the use of local wisdom. However, outdated contingency plans, limited early warning systems, weak relocation efforts, and low public awareness contributed to panic and casualties during the eruption. In the emergency response phase, BPBD successfully coordinated evacuation efforts, established emergency posts, and distributed logistics effectively. Nevertheless, displaced communities experienced discomfort due to prolonged emergency conditions and limited fulfillment of basic needs in temporary shelters. In the post-disaster phase, BPBD conducted rehabilitation and reconstruction through transportation recovery, trauma healing programs, and permanent housing development based on the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (R3P). However, limited funding and delays in reconstruction processes remained major challenges. Therefore, improving coordination, institutional capacity, disaster communication, and community participation is essential for effective disaster management.

The development of information technology encourages public service agencies to improve the quality of service through the use of integrated information systems. PERUM DAMRI Ende as a provider of passenger transportation services, still faces problems in delivering information on schedules, routes, fares, and vehicle data management that has not been optimally integrated, thus causing uncertainty for service users. This study aims to design and build a Passenger Transport Vehicle Information System at PERUM DAMRI Ende to improve fleet data management efficiency, route scheduling, and customer information access. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative descriptive approach. System development is carried out using the Waterfall method, which includes the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The system is built as a web-based application using the PHP programming language and a MySQL database, and tested using the Black-Box Testing method. The results of the study are expected to help PERUM DAMRI Ende manage vehicle and schedule data more effectively, improve service quality, and provide the public with greater convenience in obtaining passenger transportation information.

Marriage confirmation services are often hampered by manual procedures, leading to delays and administrative errors. This study aims to design and implement a web-based Marriage Confirmation Information System to facilitate registration, document uploads, and online monitoring of verification status and court schedules. The system was developed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database using the Waterfall method, encompassing analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The results show that the system is capable of optimally performing all managerial functions, from document validation to report automation. Black Box testing confirmed that all features functioned as expected and were easy to use. In addition to improving bureaucratic efficiency, the system ensures data security through login encryption and provides transparency through real-time status tracking. The presence of this platform significantly saves time and transportation costs for the public, as bureaucratic processes can be monitored from anywhere. In conclusion, this system successfully supports the digitalization of public services and improves the quality of administration within the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) and Religious Courts, thereby realizing more effective, efficient, accountable, and modern governance for all levels of society

The Indonesian National Army as a member of the Indonesian National Guard is at the forefront of Indonesia in the eyes of the public as an example and role model in discipline, ethics, and compliance with the law. However, in the reality of daily life, there are still TNI soldiers who commit traffic violations, such as driving a vehicle without having a Driver's License (SIM). This research includes empirical juridical research, or called field research, which examines the applicable legal provisions and compares them with the reality that occurs in society. The research method used was in the form of interviews with five relevant sources, then the data was analyzed descriptive-qualitatively to provide a comprehensive understanding. The results of the study showed that (1) law enforcement against TNI soldiers who committed traffic violations without a driver's license was checked according to the procedure of the rapid inspection event; no long inspection minutes are required, it is enough to use the minutes of traffic violations and road transportation or tickets from the military police; (2) Sanctions applied for minor traffic violations in the form of administrative disciplinary sanctions, including criminal prosecution of fines paid to military authorities and deposited into the state treasury. This reflects the balance between legal compliance and internal discipline of the TNI, as well as efforts to develop soldiers so that they remain an example for the community.

This study is motivated by the growing public demand for reliable and high-quality public transportation services such as the Trans Solo Bus on corridor 4. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of Facilities, Innovation, and Service Quality on User Interest, both partially and simultaneously. This study employs a quantitative method with a sample of 100 respondents who are users of the Trans Solo Bus on corridor 4. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics through several tests, including validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, multiple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The results revealed that Facilities, Innovation, and Service Quality significantly influence User Interest, either individually or simultaneously. These findings imply that improving facilities, implementing continuous innovation, and ensuring high service quality can increase public interest in using Trans Solo Bus services, thus supporting the development of sustainable urban transportation.

This study discusses the production of digital campaign content for Perumda Transpakuan Bogor through Instagram and videotron as part of public transportation communication strategies targeting Generation Z. The study aims to analyze and implement digital content production processes that are visually engaging, informative, and relevant to young audiences. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach with a project-based applied research orientation. Data were collected through participatory observation, documentation, and Instagram Insight analysis. The project resulted in nine Instagram contents in the form of reels, carousel posts, infographics, and interactive posts, as well as one public service advertisement video for videotron media. The findings show that the use of storytelling, relatable visuals, and short-form video formats effectively increased audience reach and engagement. Instagram reels became the most effective format in attracting Generation Z audiences, while videotron strengthened message distribution in public spaces. The study implies that integrating social media and digital outdoor media can support more effective public communication campaigns for public transportation services.

Green transportation policy has increasingly been regarded as a cornerstone of urban mobility reform worldwide, yet its explicit orientation toward cyclist safety remains insufficiently developed. This paper examines how sustainable transportation management policies can be normatively designed to advance cyclist safety as a primary policy objective, not a secondary concern. Drawing on a qualitative literature review, the study explores the structural relationship between green transportation frameworks and the protection of cyclists within urban road systems. The discussion covers key policy dimensions including physical infrastructure standards, speed regulation, legal frameworks, public education, technological support systems, and inter-agency coordination. The study argues that a coherent policy architecture is essential for ensuring that the promotion of cycling as a low-emission mode is accompanied by robust safety provisions. Without this coherence, green transportation policy risks generating a structural contradiction between its environmental aspirations and its duty of care toward vulnerable road users. The findings affirm that cyclist safety and environmental sustainability are mutually reinforcing values that must be embedded together within any credible urban transportation governance framework.

Leprosy remains a significant public health problem in various developing countries, including Indonesia. This disease is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which attacks the skin and peripheral nerves and can cause long-term physical, psychological, and social impacts if not treated early and adequately. Health-seeking behavior in leprosy patients is also influenced by structural factors such as the availability of health facilities, distance, transportation costs, and the quality of communication between health workers and patients. Research in various endemic countries confirms that friendly, accessible primary health care services that provide comprehensive education can improve early detection and therapy adherence. Patient SA, an 11-year-old child diagnosed with multibacillary (MB) leprosy and has been undergoing treatment for four months. The progression of the disease to MB indicates limitations in early symptom recognition and the family's health-seeking behavior, which may be influenced by low perceptions of disease susceptibility and severity, lack of knowledge, and barriers to accessing health services. However, after the diagnosis was confirmed and education provided by health workers, positive behavioral changes occurred, indicated by the patient's adherence to routine therapy as recommended.

This research examines the implementation of mobile public services in archipelagic contexts, where dispersed settlements, dependence on sea transportation, weather uncertainty, and limited digital connectivity significantly constrain service access and continuity. Although digital government has developed rapidly, most previous studies focus on urban or mainland settings and rarely consider geography as a determining factor. This creates a gap in understanding how archipelagic conditions interact with governmental capacity, governance structures, and frontline practices. The study aims to explain the mechanisms of mobile service implementation under these constraints and to develop an Archipelagic Implementation Framework that integrates context, capacity, governance, and outcomes. Using a qualitative single-case study approach in Raja Ampat Regency, Indonesia, data were collected through in-depth interviews, policy documents, and limited observation, then analyzed using hybrid thematic analysis. The findings reveal that archipelagic constraints lead to frequent rescheduling, hybrid online–offline service delivery, increased coordination demands, and connectivity challenges. Service sustainability depends on staff rotation, portable infrastructure, and adaptive strategies by frontline actors. The proposed framework highlights how contextual constraints shape administrative capacity, coordination, and service outcomes, offering practical insights for resilient public service delivery.

This study examines the effectiveness of public service management in Ponorogo Regency's transport sector, focusing on the performance gap between traffic asset conditions (signs, traffic lights) and formal maintenance policies. This gap indicates a non-proactive maintenance cycle, exacerbated by limited resources and low organisational responsiveness to public complaints. Employing a qualitative case study grounded in a synthesis of Edwards III's Policy Implementation Theory and the New Public Service (NPS) perspective, the core findings confirm that frontline officials' low proactive disposition mediates policy implementation failure. Instead of proactive responsiveness (anticipating minor damage), officials often exhibit passive responsiveness (acting only after major incidents or reports), leading to a critical breakdown in which administrative procedures are completed but the public outcome remains poor. The novelty of this research lies in proposing a Proactive and Participatory Governance Model. This model necessitates the institutionalisation of Public Involvement (Participation) to enhance transparency and shift asset performance evaluation from output-oriented to outcome-oriented. The study concludes that the optimal model for the Ponorogo Transportation Department is the synergy between agile asset management and NPS principles (proactive and participatory) to enhance public service effectiveness.

Illegal street racing is a persistent issue in Indonesia, including Bungo Regency, endangering road users and violating traffic laws. This study, based on a case study at the Traffic Unit of Bungo Police Resort, aims to explore the police's role in addressing illegal street racing from an Islamic criminal law perspective. Using a qualitative juridical-empirical approach, the study examines legal regulations, institutional practices, and Islamic jurisprudence. Data was gathered from legal sources and literature related to law enforcement and Islamic criminal law. The results reveal that the police play a strategic role in combating street racing through preventative, preemptive, and repressive tactics. Repressive measures include law enforcement based on the Indonesian Traffic and Road Transportation Law, while preventive actions involve community outreach, traffic education, and regular patrols. From an Islamic criminal law viewpoint, illegal street racing is categorized as jarimah ta‘zīr, where authorities impose sanctions to maintain public order and prevent harm (mafsadah), aligning with the maqasid al-shariah goals of preserving property and life. The study concludes that effective and sustainable action against street racing requires collaboration between law enforcement, communities, and religious perspectives.

This is related to the rights of traffic accident victims regulated in Article 240 of Law 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation "traffic accident victims have the right to receive compensation from the party responsible and are entitled to insurance compensation from the insurance company". Article 1365 of the Civil Code, every person who commits an unlawful act is obliged to compensate for the losses arising from his or her mistake. In fact, many accidents occur due to damaged roads in Samarinda City, so this is one of the factors causing traffic accidents.The aim of this research is to answer two things. First, to find out and examine unlawful acts by the authorities in cases of traffic accidents due to damaged roads. Second, we want to know and examine the legal responsibilities of road operators. In this part of the research, we review and explore the relevant laws that regulate and are relevant to claims for compensation against road operators by victims of traffic accidents due to damaged roads.The results obtained from this research are as follows: 1) In this case, the occurrence of traffic accidents in terms of the last 5 years continues to show a significant increase, which means that the government has not maximally provided the community's rights, namely to have good roads. One of the causes of accidents is damaged roads, but to date no member of the public has filed a civil lawsuit against the government for compensation for the pain they suffered. 2) The government's regulations and efforts to provide protection for road users are sufficient, but they are not implemented optimally, in fact the public has never been given an appeal to demand their rights to receive good roads.  

This study aims to evaluate the quality of Trans Semanggi Suroboyo public transportation services with the support of the GoBis application system as a form of digital-based public service innovation in the city of Surabaya. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with the SERVQUAL (tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy) theoretical approach. The data used includes secondary data from the Surabaya Transportation Office, with the number of GoBis users reaching 327,018 people, GoBis balance users 42,833 people, and saving ticket users 2,095 people. The results of the study show that the tangible and reliability dimensions are relatively good, shown through modern fleet conditions and fairly consistent departure schedules. However, in the dimensions of responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, there are still obstacles related to the speed of response of digital systems, transaction security, and limitations of users' digital literacy. The utilization of GoBis' digital transaction feature is still low compared to the total number of application users. This study concludes that the success of Trans Semanggi Suroboyo is highly dependent on the integration between the quality of physical services and the effectiveness of the digital system. It is necessary to strengthen technological infrastructure, improve data security, and digital education for the public so that the quality of smart transportation in the city of Surabaya can run optimally and sustainably according to the principles of smart mobility.