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The primary causes of mortality among infants are diarrhea and pneumonia. But, more than 50% of the cases were caused by malnutrition. Exclusive breastfeeding (6 months to 2 years) and providing complementary nutritious food have proven to be effective interventions in reducing the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). This study aims to analyze maternal barriers to exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months in Montasik Public Health Center, Aceh Besar. This study used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The population was 147 women. 60 respondents were chosen as the sample using a proportional random sampling technique. It was conducted on May 2nd–18th, 2024. The analysis uses univariate and bivariate Chi-square tests. The results showed that of 60 respondents, most of them provided non-exclusive breastfeeding for 34 respondents (56,7%), early adulthood for 32 respondents (53,3%), middle-class education level for 24 respondents (40%), self-employed for 33 respondents (55%), had sufficient knowledge of breastfeeding as 24 respondents (40%), and did not have a supportive workplace in giving exclusive breastfeeding as 34 respondents (56,7%). In conclusion, there is a correlation between age, education level, work status, knowledge, and environment towards exclusive breastfeeding. It is expected that the community health center will conduct socialization regarding exclusive breastfeeding by holding antenatal classes for a better understanding of exclusive breastfeeding.

Nosocomial infections are a serious problem that often occurs in hospitals and can have a negative impact on patient safety. The role of nurses, especially in inpatient rooms, is very important in preventing these infections. Preliminary studies found 0.34% of HAIs in hospitals, 0.00% of urinary tract infections, 0.86% of Phlebitis, 0.00% of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and behavior of nurses regarding the prevention of nosocomial infections.This type of research is quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. This population is all nurses in the Inpatient Room at PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo Hospital. The sample for this research was 42 respondents who were selected using the total data saturated sampling technique used, namely univariate and bivariate analysis (Spearman rho test).The results of the univariate analysis research showed that the nosocomial infection prevention process variable, nurse knowledge was in the good category at 100% and the nosocomial infection prevention process variable, nurse behavior was in the good category at 100%. The results of bivariate analysis using the Spearman's rho statistical test show that there is a p-value of 0.000, where this value is smaller than 0.05 with a coefficient value of 0.528. So it can be said that there is a relationship between knowledge and behavior of inpatient room nurses in preventing nosocomial infections at the PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo hospital.In conclusion, there is a relationship between knowledge and behavior in preventing nosocomial infections at the PKU Muhammadiyah hospital. Suggestions: Increase counseling and training on preventing nosocomial infections for nurses and health workers and non-health workers at the PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo Hospital.

Background: Bronchopneumonia is the leading cause of death in toddlers. The incidence of Bronchopneumonia in Indonesia is 31.4%, in Aceh it is 22.62%. The incidence of Bronchopneumonia in the pediatric ward of Dr. H. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan Hospital ranks second after diarrhea cases. Toddler characteristic factors that influence the incidence of bronchopneumonia are: age, gender, birth weight, history of breastfeeding, nutritional status, and history of immunization. Research Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between toddler characteristics (gender, birth weight, history of breastfeeding, nutritional status, history of immunization) and the incidence of bronchopneumonia in the pediatric ward of Dr. H. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan Hospital. Research Method: This study used a descriptive analytical method. While to analyze bivariate data by testing the relationship between independent and dependent variables with the chi-square test. The respondents of the study were parents of toddlers whose children were treated in the pediatric ward of Dr. H. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan Hospital as many as 50 respondents. Conclusion: Based on the chi-square test analysis, it shows that there is a relationship between several toddler characteristic variables and the incidence of bronchopneumonia at RSU DR. H. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan, namely low birth weight p value 0.026, non-exclusive breastfeeding p value 0.029 and poor nutritional status p value 0.018. The results of the p value <0.05 so that there is a significant relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Suggestion: The results of this study can be input to the institution of DR. H. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan General Hospital and become a guideline for improving health services for toddlers with bronchopneumonia.  

Stroke patients are susceptible to respiratory problems and complications in the lungs, namely pneumonia, which most often occurs during stroke treatment. The aims of this study is to review the various literature on interventions that nurses can do to prevent and treat pneumonia in stroke patients. Search methods using electronic databases Science Direct, Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar with a search range of 2017-2022. The inclusion criteria were research conducted on all stroke patients, both ischemic and hemorrhagic, the intervention given was a nursing action, and the outcome assessed was pneumonia. Five articles were reviewed and found several interventions used to prevent and reduce the incidence of pneumonia in stroke patients. Nursing actions that can be done are dysphagia screening and oral care. Conclusion: Dysphagia screening and and oral care can used to prevent and reduce the incidence of pneumonia in stroke patients.

Pleural effusion is a condition in which fluid accumulates in the pleural space. Many diseases may underlie the occurrence of pleural effusion including tuberculosis, malignancy, pneumonia, thoracic empyema, congestive heart failure, and liver cirrhosis (1, 2). In western countries, pleural effusion is mainly caused by congestive heart disease, liver cirrhosis, malignancy, and bacterial pneumonia. While in developing countries like Indonesia it is common to be caused by tuberculosis infection.

Hypertiroidism that continues into a thyroid storm is one of the rarest complication to be found in Indonesia. The pathogenesis of thyroid storm hasn’t been identified, but this condition is suspected as a result of the free thyroid hormones that escalates after a thyroidectomy or I-131 therapy, infection, acute stress, non-tiroid surgery, parturition, and overmanipulated thyroid glands. Thyroid storm is an emergency condition that can happened to a hyperthyroidism patients that needs a specific and fast management. If this condition is being treated correctly, the mortality rate of patient could be decreased, therefore a case of a 63 years old woman with the loss of consciousness with hyperthyroidism goiter node as the trigger factor that leads into a thyroid storm, happens with a congestive heart failure and pneumonia. The assessment with Burch-Wartofsky obtained a score of 55, then treated with the right diagnostic assessment and treatment. After the treatment, that patient’s condition was getting better day by day, but the patient’s family later decided to bring the patient home in the third day of treatment.

Background: Because of the very high mortality in children and children under the age of five, bronchopneumonia is the leading cause of death in children under the age of five worldwide. When viruses, bacteria, microbes and fungi enter the lungs through the respiratory system, they infect the lung parenchyma and cause pneumonia. Objective: Analyzing ineffective airway clearance nursing care in children with bronchopneumonia by collaborative action of administering a nebulizer in the Picu Room of Prof. Hospital. Dr. H Aloei Saboe Methods: Participants in this study, which used a quasi-experimental design, received treatment or intervention before measuring and analyzing the impacts. The pre-post-test group design method served as the basis for the research design. In children with bronchopneumonia, this strategy is used to check the results before and after administration of the nebulizer. Two young people who fight against crime become samples. Results: The results of the study show the overall evaluation results after nursing actions, namely: Based on the results before being given a nebulizer to patients the problem was not resolved in 2 patients and after being given a nebulizer to patients the problem was resolved in 2 patients Conclusion: Based on the description above, inhalation therapy to reduce symptoms of shortness of breath in children with bronchopneumonia is effective where inhalation therapy or steam inhalation therapy using drugs can widen the bronchial airways resulting in complaints such as shortness of breath and disappearance of breath sounds.

Menurut Kementerian Kesehatan, kasus pneumonia pada bayi yang terjadi pada tahun 2018 berjumlah 160.908 jiwa dan dibagi menjadi dua klasifikasi yaitu pneumonia ringan dan pneumonia berat. Pada kasus Pneumonia ringan Sulawesi Tenggara menduduki peringkat 14 tertinggi dengan jumlah penderita Pneumonia sebanyak 1.088 orang, Jawa Barat (60.941), Jawa Timur (25.951), DKI Jakarta (13.564), NTB (8.238), Banten ( 7.893), Jawa Tengah (5.307), Sumatera Selatan (4.425), Kalimantan Selatan (3.632), Sumatera Barat (3.571) Pneumonia adalah infeksi akut jaringan paru (alveoli). Penyebabnya adalah bakteri, virus, jamur, paparan bahan kimia atau kerusakan fisik dari paru-paru dan efek tidak langsung lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus kontrol yaitu mempelajari hubungan antara faktor penelitian atau pajanan dengan penyakit dengan membandingkan antara kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol berdasarkan status pajanan. Hasil analisis bivariat pada SPSS menggunakan chi-square menunjukkan = 0,06 yang berarti ada hubungan antara umur bayi, pemberian ASI eksklusif, status imunisasi dan lingkungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada bayi di RSUD Kab.Mamuju, sehingga disarankan kepada ibu untuk memberikan Asi Eksklusif pada bayi, pemberian imunisasi dan menjaga kebersihan lingkungan Ada hubungan antara umur dengan kejadian pneumonia pada bayi, ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian pneumonia pada bayi, ada hubungan status imunisasi dengan kejadian pneumonia pada bayi, ada hubungan antara lingkungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita.