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This article explores the implementation of a Community Service Program (KKN) carried out by students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Unismuh Makassar with the objective of improving reading and writing skills among students at SMP Negeri 2 Galesong. The KKN activities were specifically designed to strengthen literacy development through various programs, including the cultivation of daily reading habits, the establishment of literacy corners in classrooms, and creative writing training aimed at encouraging students to express ideas in written form. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through direct observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of literacy activities. The results indicate a significant increase in students’ interest and motivation in reading activities, as well as more active participation during literacy sessions. In addition, students demonstrated improvement in the quality of simple written texts, particularly in terms of idea organization and expression. Overall, the implementation of the KKN program proved effective in supporting the development of a positive literacy culture and enhancing students’ basic literacy skills within the school environment.

In response to the escalating challenge of packaging waste in the beauty industry, The Body Shop Indonesia has implemented a Green Marketing Mix through its Bring Back Our Bottles (BBOB) and Refill Station programs. This study aims to analyze the strategic implementation of this approach, assess consumer perceptions and engagement, and explore the inherent challenges and opportunities for future development. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research collected data from five respondents who are The Body Shop consumers with prior participation in either the BBOB or Refill Station programs. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, observation, and a comprehensive literature review. Thematic analysis was subsequently performed, with findings validated through source and method triangulation. The results indicate that The Body Shop’s Green Marketing Mix has been effectively implemented, particularly in the elements of product (environmentally friendly packaging), promotion (campaigns via digital and print media), and physical evidence (store design that promotes a natural ambiance). Despite positive consumer responses and a strengthened brand image, persistent obstacles were identified, including limited access to program locations and insufficient information dissemination. The programs were found to be effective in enhancing customer loyalty and hold significant potential for expansion, particularly through targeted education and collaborative initiatives with youth communities. This study recommends expanding the programs’ geographical coverage, strengthening digital communication, and establishing strategic community partnerships. The findings are expected to make a meaningful contribution to the development of sustainable green marketing strategies within the beauty industry.

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) of the General Elections Commission (KPU) of Palangka Raya City in supporting the strengthening of democracy and public participation at the local level. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design through documentary studies on regulations, internal policies of KPU, PPID service reports, and public information request data, enriched with observations of the information service mechanisms both offline and online. The results show that, normatively and structurally, the PPID of Palangka Raya City KPU has carried out its functions in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 14 of 2008 and KPU Regulation No. 22 of 2023. The information service procedures, response time limits, and the use of the E-PPID system reflect the institutional commitment to the principle of transparency. However, the level of utilization of public information services is still relatively low and dominated by the academic community, particularly students. Additionally, there have been no recorded requests for information from disabled groups, despite the provision of disability-friendly facilities. These findings indicate a gap between administrative information openness and substantive public participation. This study concludes that strengthening the role of PPID in the future should be directed toward public communication strategies, political education, and inclusive approaches so that information openness does not stop at regulatory compliance but can make a tangible contribution to the consolidation of a participatory and just local democracy.

This study aims to analyze how digital transparency, distribution validation, and personalized donor services simultaneously maintain donor trust and loyalty as strategies to mitigate liquidity risk and ensure program sustainability at LAZIS Alharomain Pare Kediri Branch. Using a qualitative descriptive–analytical approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving management, donors, and beneficiaries. The findings reveal a paradox between the increasing number of donors—from 5,644 in 2020 to 7,955 in 2023—and the financial deficit observed in key programs such as Infaq Sayangi Anak Yatim Dhuafa and Infaq Sahabat Sehat. To address this, the institution implemented three main strategies: real-time digital reporting via social media, multi-layered verification in fund distribution, and personalized communication with donors. These strategies form a trust–loyalty–participation cycle that strengthens program continuity. Theoretical analysis based on Trust Theory and liquidity risk management for zakat institutions shows that public trust functions as a form of social capital capable of compensating for short-term financial liquidity gaps. This study extends the discourse on Sustainable Islamic Philanthropy Governance by asserting that digital transparency serves as both an ethical and strategic instrument to uphold accountability and the sustainability of Islamic philanthropic institutions.

This community service program aims to implement a technology-based digital marketing mix strategy to promote the education program of the Barisan Mujahid Matita (BMM) Da'wah House to teenagers in the Titipapan area, Medan. The methods used include digital audience analysis to identify the characteristics of Generation Z, planning data-driven content strategies using artificial intelligence (AI) tools, and implementing integrated digital campaigns through various social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. The activities also include intensive mentoring and practical training for adolescents in creative content creation, da'wah copywriting, social media management, and digital campaign performance evaluation. The results of the program showed an increase in adolescent participation in BMM's education program by 65%, a growth in social media engagement by 200%, and the formation of an independent and sustainable adolescent digital content team. This program proves that the integration of digital technology in religious education marketing strategies is not only effective in reaching adolescents, but also encourages active engagement, creativity, and positive digital literacy in the community.

This article explores the implementation of a Community Service Program (KKN) carried out by students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Unismuh Makassar with the objective of improving reading and writing skills among students at SMP Negeri 2 Galesong. The KKN activities were specifically designed to strengthen literacy development through various programs, including the cultivation of daily reading habits, the establishment of literacy corners in classrooms, and creative writing training aimed at encouraging students to express ideas in written form. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through direct observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of literacy activities. The results indicate a significant increase in students’ interest and motivation in reading activities, as well as more active participation during literacy sessions. In addition, students demonstrated improvement in the quality of simple written texts, particularly in terms of idea organization and expression. Overall, the implementation of the KKN program proved effective in supporting the development of a positive literacy culture and enhancing students’ basic literacy skills within the school environment.

Belawa Village, located in Lemahabang District, Cirebon Regency, West Java, is famous for the Labi-labi Belawa tourist attraction. This study aims to develop a sustainable tourism village at the Cikuya Tourist Attraction in Belawa Village. This model is expected to be an integrated solution to support the implementation of sustainable tourism. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with quantitative data analysis. The results of the study show that the implementation of sustainable tourism in Cikuya is evident through environmental preservation and the conservation of the Belawa turtle habitat. Although the management is not yet optimal, there are practices of utilizing organic waste, such as chicken manure for animal feed and coconut shells for souvenirs, supporting the circular economy concept. Community participation in cultural activities also supports the social and cultural aspects of sustainable tourism, although it is still incidental and has not yet been programmed sustainably. However, the implementation of sustainable tourism in Cikuya is not yet fully optimal, despite having strong natural and conservation potential. Structural and operational barriers, such as accessibility, human resources, institutional governance, economy, socio-culture, and policy support, affect the effectiveness of applying sustainability principles.

The Islamic insurance industry in Indonesia, including in the city of Medan, continues to face various challenges, one of which is the low level of public participation in using Islamic insurance products. Public decisions to choose Islamic insurance are influenced not only by economic factors but also by non-economic factors, such as the level of religiosity, Islamic financial literacy, and trust in insurance service providers. This study aims to examine in depth the role of religiosity, financial literacy, and trust in influencing public decisions regarding the use of Islamic insurance in Medan City. This research employs a qualitative approach by utilizing secondary data obtained from reports of the Financial Services Authority (OJK), the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), as well as relevant national and international scholarly articles. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques to obtain a comprehensive understanding of public behavior, perceptions, and preferences. The findings indicate that religiosity plays a role in increasing awareness of the importance of financial products that comply with sharia principles, financial literacy strengthens public understanding of the benefits and mechanisms of Islamic insurance, while trust emerges as the key factor most decisively influencing decision-making. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for formulating strategies to enhance public literacy and trust in Islamic insurance in Medan City.

Early English mastery is a long-term educational investment that should be supported by instructional approaches aligned with children’s developmental characteristics. This community service program aimed to systematically implement the *English Through Play* approach, enhance English learning interest, and create positive learning experiences for children aged 4–6 years at Samantha English Course. The program was conducted participatorily through preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages over eight weeks. The *English Through Play* approach was applied through various activities, including action songs, flashcard games, storytelling with gestures, and simple role play. Evaluation was carried out descriptively through observation of participation, verbal responses, children’s expressions, and simple oral tests to measure basic vocabulary mastery. The results showed that more than 80% of the children were actively engaged during the learning sessions. Approximately 70–85% demonstrated increased learning interest, as reflected in their enthusiasm, verbal participation, and positive responses to English instructions. In addition, most children were able to recognize and pronounce 5–10 basic vocabulary items based on the learning themes and perform simple self-introductions. The program also produced a play-based learning guide that can be sustainably implemented by the partner institution. In conclusion, the *English Through Play* approach proved effective in enhancing young learners’ interest and participation in early English learning. This model can serve as a practical and replicable alternative for similar non-formal educational institutions.

This conceptual research analyzes the relationship between social entrepreneurship and social innovation as an integrated framework for creating and sustaining sustainable impact. Social entrepreneurship is positioned as a strategic mechanism that combines the disciplines of entrepreneurship, value creation, and community empowerment to address complex social and environmental challenges. Meanwhile, social innovation provides new solutions, approaches, and models that drive systemic change and expand community participation in social development. Through a literature-based analysis, this research demonstrates that the synergy between these two concepts enables organizations to design sustainable business models that balance social mission with economic sustainability. The research findings confirm that sustainable social impact is achieved through three interrelated key pillars: system-oriented innovation, hybrid and adaptive business models, and collaborative ecosystems that strengthen institutional capacity and legitimacy. This research provides theoretical contributions by developing a conceptual framework that integrates social value creation, innovation processes, and sustainability mechanisms. Future research is recommended to empirically test this conceptual model through case studies or mixed approaches to assess its applicability in various socio-economic contexts.

Public speaking is an essential communication skill that plays a crucial role in enhancing self-confidence, delivering ideas effectively, and fostering social participation. However, many women in rural areas still lack opportunities to develop this skill due to limited access to training, gender stereotypes, and minimal experience in public forums. These challenges lead to low levels of women’s involvement, particularly housewives who are members of PKK, in community activities and decision-making processes at the local level. This study aims to examine the impact of public speaking training on improving the knowledge, self-confidence, and social participation of PKK mothers in Nagari Sumpur Kudus. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a participatory approach through interactive lectures, speaking practice simulations, reflective discussions, participatory observations, and qualitative evaluations. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing based on field notes, observations, and participants’ feedback. The findings indicate that the training successfully improved participants’ understanding of basic public speaking techniques, including intonation, eye contact, body language, and structured idea delivery. Furthermore, the participants experienced significant growth in self-confidence, courage to speak in front of groups, and motivation to continuously practice their communication skills. The interactive and supportive learning atmosphere also strengthened collaboration and solidarity among PKK members. Thus, public speaking training not only enhances individual competencies but also contributes to women’s empowerment and their active participation in community development at the village level.  

Financial inclusion has become a key driver in promoting sustainable development, especially in the era of Industry 4.0, which is characterized by rapid digitalization, technological innovation, and the transformation of financial services. Although academic interest in this topic continues to grow, research in this field has not been systematically mapped, resulting in limited understanding of global trends and thematic evolution. This study uses bibliometric analysis (BA) to explore developments, intellectual structures, and key research focuses in financial inclusion research. Data were collected from the Scopus database for the period 2015–2025, using keywords related to financial inclusion, thus ensuring a comprehensive dataset for analysis. Bibliometric methods were applied using analytical tools such as VOSviewer and R Studio to support the assessment. The results of the analysis show a consistent increase in the number of publications over the last decade, reflecting growing academic attention. The main contributions came from India, China, and the United States, with increasing participation from universities in Africa and Southeast Asia through international collaboration. The main research focus has shifted from microfinance and poverty alleviation to more digital-oriented themes, including fintech, digital finance, blockchain, and green finance. This study contributes by mapping the structure and trends of financial inclusion research and providing insights for policymakers and academics in developing inclusive financial systems that support national strategies such as the SNKI, MSME digitalization, and financial literacy programs in Indonesia to achieve sustainable development goals.

Population density plays a critical role in shaping public health outcomes and environmental quality, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions. This study aims to analyze the relationship between high population density and its impacts on sanitation conditions, air quality, access to clean water, and the incidence of various diseases in densely populated areas. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach by combining a comprehensive literature review with field observations conducted in several urban areas characterized by high population concentration. The findings reveal that increased population density is closely associated with environmental degradation, including inadequate sanitation systems, reduced air quality due to pollution, and limited availability of clean water. These environmental challenges contribute directly to a higher prevalence of health problems, such as respiratory infections, waterborne diseases, and other communicable illnesses. Overcrowded living conditions also intensify the spread of diseases, placing additional pressure on public health infrastructure. Furthermore, the study highlights that insufficient public facilities and poor environmental management exacerbate the negative effects of population density on both health and the environment. To address these challenges, effective strategies are required, including population growth control, improved urban planning, and enhanced investment in public health and environmental sanitation facilities. Strengthening community awareness and participation in maintaining environmental cleanliness is also essential. Overall, this study emphasizes the need for integrated policies that balance population management with sustainable environmental and public health development.  

The Community Service (PkM) activity aimed to enhance the capacity of civil society to conduct effective public oversight of the East Lombok Regency Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) for fiscal year 2025. The “Budget School” program, organized by the Pimpinan Daerah Pemuda Muhammadiyah in collaboration with the Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency (FITRA) NTB and ITSKes Muhammadiyah Selong, provided participants with a comprehensive and critical analysis of the regional budget structure and allocation patterns. The key findings highlighted notable fiscal inefficiencies, particularly the disproportionately high allocation for Employee Spending (Belanja Pegawai), which indicates an urgent need for budget reallocation toward increasing Capital Expenditure (Belanja Modal). Such realignment is essential to accelerate infrastructure development, enhance public service delivery, and ensure broader socio-economic benefits for the community. The event, conducted on September 25, 2025, successfully improved fiscal literacy among youth and civil society actors by strengthening their understanding of fiscal governance and legal oversight mechanisms. Overall, the activity fostered collective awareness and encouraged active participation in promoting sustainable, transparent, and efficient regional financial management.

The quality of human resources is a fundamental pillar of a country’s development, and education plays a crucial role in shaping this quality. Education not only provides knowledge and skills but also builds attitudes, values, and competencies that enable individuals to contribute effectively to social and economic development. This study aims to examine how education can enhance human growth and improve the overall quality of human resources. The research employs a descriptive quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to thirty members of the general public. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques to identify community perceptions regarding the importance of education in human development. The results show that the majority of respondents strongly believe that education has a significant positive impact on human growth. Education is perceived as an essential tool for improving critical thinking abilities, increasing productivity, and fostering awareness of the importance of active participation in national development processes. Furthermore, respondents indicated that education contributes to the development of discipline, creativity, and adaptability, which are necessary to face global challenges and technological changes. Education also plays an important role in reducing social inequality by providing equal opportunities for individuals to improve their quality of life. Overall, these findings confirm that improving the quality of education should be a top priority in national development strategies. High-quality education is essential to produce competitive, innovative, and superior human resources that can significantly contribute to sustainable national progress.

This study aims to examine the impact of green economy initiatives on Indonesia’s GDP growth, with a particular focus on public perceptions of sustainable economic practices. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach, collecting primary data through an online survey administered to twenty respondents. The survey measured perceptions related to sustainable innovation, environmentally friendly resource management, and energy efficiency as key components of green economy implementation. The findings indicate that respondents hold a generally positive view of green economy practices, as reflected in a high average score of 4.24, suggesting strong agreement regarding their implementation and potential benefits. In addition, perceptions of economic development linked to green initiatives were also rated highly. These results imply that the public perceives a meaningful relationship between the adoption of green economy principles and long-term economic prosperity in Indonesia. Further analysis suggests that green practices can contribute to increased income levels, improved social welfare, and enhanced productivity, while simultaneously supporting environmental sustainability. From a practical perspective, the study highlights the importance of greater community participation, stronger policy commitment from the government, and increased green innovation by corporate entities. Theoretically, the results support existing economic and sustainability theories that emphasize the role of green economy strategies in fostering resilient, inclusive, and equitable economic growth. Overall, this study reinforces the relevance of green economy initiatives as a viable pathway toward sustainable national development.

This community service activity aims to strengthen the role of higher education institutions in preserving local culture through the revitalization of cultural arts learning based on local wisdom, particularly traditional Nias carving art. The main problems faced by the partners include the limited availability of contextual cultural arts learning, minimal integration of traditional art practices into university courses, and students’ low understanding of the philosophical values embedded in Nias carving motifs. The implementation method employs a participatory–educational approach consisting of preparation, socialization, theoretical and practical training, intensive mentoring, and evaluation stages. This activity involves students and lecturers as participants as well as agents of cultural preservation. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge of the symbolic meanings of Nias carving motifs, their basic skills in designing and drawing carving motifs, and their appreciative attitudes toward the preservation of local cultural arts. This activity contributes to the strengthening of cultural arts learning in higher education and has the potential to serve as a sustainable model of community service based on local culture.

This community service activity aims to increase the understanding of students at State Senior High School 2 Mataram regarding information security by introducing the concepts of coding and cryptography in digital messages. The rapid use of messaging applications among teenagers makes students increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats, necessitating education on how data protection works in online communication. This program is implemented using a descriptive method consisting of planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The material covered includes basic cryptography concepts, end-to-end encryption mechanisms, and the practical process of the Diffie–Hellman key exchange thru the interactive simulation "Alice and Bob." Learning is designed contextually and participatively so that students can connect theory with the digital applications they use every day. The evaluation results showed an improvement in students' understanding, reflected in their active participation, ability to answer questions, and adequate post-test scores. This activity not only strengthens digital security literacy but also raises students' awareness of the importance of protecting personal data in online communication. This program is expected to be the beginning of more sustainable digital security learning development in the school environment.

This community service activity aims to increase the understanding of students at State Senior High School 2 Mataram regarding information security by introducing the concepts of coding and cryptography in digital messages. The rapid use of messaging applications among teenagers makes students increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats, necessitating education on how data protection works in online communication. This program is implemented using a descriptive method consisting of planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The material covered includes basic cryptography concepts, end-to-end encryption mechanisms, and the practical process of the Diffie–Hellman key exchange thru the interactive simulation "Alice and Bob." Learning is designed contextually and participatively so that students can connect theory with the digital applications they use every day. The evaluation results showed an improvement in students' understanding, reflected in their active participation, ability to answer questions, and adequate post-test scores. This activity not only strengthens digital security literacy but also raises students' awareness of the importance of protecting personal data in online communication. This program is expected to be the beginning of more sustainable digital security learning development in the school environment.

This study explores how the organizational culture of Sanggar Kartika Budaya strengthens local artistic values through identity building, leadership, training strategies, and adaptive creativity. Rooted in a commitment to traditional arts, the sanggar positions local cultural expression not only as heritage but also as a living space for innovation. The research aims to uncover how these cultural elements shape member behavior, sustain artistic traditions, and support the regeneration of young artists. Using a qualitative approach with document analysis, this study examines official profiles, program descriptions, and relevant scholarly sources. The findings reveal that the sanggar’s cultural identity centered on the motto “Pegang Teguh Seni Tradisi Siap Berkreasi”serves as the backbone of its learning system and creative ecosystem. Leadership plays a central role in directing artistic vision while safeguarding cultural authenticity. Structured training, literacy activities, and collaborative performances effectively embed traditional values in new members. The sanggar also demonstrates an ability to evolve with modern trends through creative choreography, multimedia integration, and active participation in contemporary festivals, all while maintaining strong roots in local heritage. These findings highlight how a well-structured organizational culture can act as a powerful engine for cultural preservation and artistic resilience. The implications suggest that cultural institutions can remain relevant in a fast-changing era by blending heritage with innovation, ensuring that tradition continues to live meaningfully in the hands of future generations.