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Children with intellectual disabilities experience limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive abilities, which impact their independence in daily activities, including buttoning clothes. This skill requires fine motor coordination, concentration, and a proper understanding of task sequences. This case study aims to determine the effectiveness of button board play therapy in improving fine motor skills in children with intellectual disabilities. The method used was descriptive with a case study approach involving two children with moderate intellectual disabilities aged 8 and 9 years at SLB Bhakti Luhur Maumere. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The intervention consisted of button board play therapy conducted for 6 days, with a duration of 15–30 minutes per day, implemented gradually and repeatedly. The results showed that before the intervention, both children were unable to button their clothes independently. After the intervention, there was an improvement in their ability, as the children began to button some buttons (2–3 buttons) with better motor coordination, although they still required assistance and supervision. In conclusion, button board play therapy is effective in gradually improving fine motor skills and independence in children with intellectual disabilities. It is recommended that the intervention be carried out consistently and involve parents to achieve optimal results.

Thalassemia is a chronic genetic disease that requires long-term treatment and affects children's quality of life physically, psychologically, socially, and academically due to chronic anemia and regular blood transfusion needs. This study aimed to determine factors influencing the quality of life of children with thalassemia at Rumah Sakit Anak dan Bunda Harapan Kita. A descriptive design with a cross sectional approach was used, involving 41 respondents through total sampling. Data were collected using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale) and respondent characteristics including age, gender, socioeconomic status, parental education, and frequency of blood transfusions. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results showed most respondents were under ten years old, female, from families with socioeconomic status below the minimum wage, had parents with high school or higher education, and received blood transfusions every three weeks. Bivariate analysis indicated only the frequency of blood transfusions was significantly associated with quality of life, while other variables were not. Thus, transfusion frequency is the main factor influencing quality of life in children with thalassemia.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in improving students' cognitive abilities based on nutritional status in Brangsong Village, Indonesia. The research used a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative designs. Quantitative data were collected from 30 student beneficiaries via questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients. Qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with managers of the Nutrition Fulfillment Service Unit (SPPG), school authorities, students, and parents, and analyzed thematically. The results show a positive and significant relationship between nutritional status and academic achievement, but no significant relationship with students' cognitive ability. Nutrient intake, however, was positively and significantly associated with both cognitive ability and academic achievement. The strongest relationship was observed between cognitive ability and academic achievement. These findings suggest that the MBG program effectively supports academic achievement by improving nutrient intake and cognitive ability. However, its impact on students’ nutritional status has not been uniformly distributed.

The phenomenon of moral degradation and the increase in negative activities among children during the crucial hours between dusk and evening have become serious challenges for the community in Ujung Negeri Kahan Village. This community service research aims to evaluate and optimize the role of the "Maghrib Mengaji" program as a preventive instrument to shield children from unhealthy environmental influences and gadget dependency. The method employed in this service is participatory mentoring using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, involving religious leaders, parents, and village officials. Through the restructuring of activities in mosques and prayer rooms, this program focuses not only on Qur'anic literacy but also on the cultivation of noble character (akhlakul karimah). The results indicate a significant transformation in behavior; children who previously engaged in counterproductive outdoor activities are now more focused on positive spiritual and social endeavors. The success of the program is indicated by a decrease in the intensity of nighttime wandering and an increase in learning discipline. The conclusion of this activity confirms that community synergy through structured religious programs is effective in reducing the potential for juvenile delinquency and strengthening the moral resilience of the younger generation at the rural level.

This community service program was conducted by Group 7 of KKN ITB Ahmad Dahlan Lamongan in Bapuhbandung Village, Glagah District, Lamongan Regency, aiming to address environmental and public health issues through the utilization of ecobricks and the cultivation of family medicinal plants (TOGA). The main problems identified were low awareness of plastic waste management and the underutilization of home yards for medicinal plants. The program applied a participatory assistance method involving students, parents, youth, and village officials throughout the stages of observation, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The results showed that more than 300 ecobricks were produced and assembled into an installation forming the word “BAPUHBANDUNG,” which now serves as a new village icon. In addition, medicinal plants such as ginger, turmeric, and lemongrass were planted around the installation area and residents’ yards. The evaluation indicated high community participation, good-quality ecobricks, and positive initial growth of TOGA. This program not only produced physical outputs but also increased community awareness of plastic waste management, family health independence, and the strengthening of village identity.

This study aims to systematically analyze the implementation of formative and summative assessments in Grade IV Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at SDN 2 Konda within the framework of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design to obtain an in-depth and contextual understanding of classroom assessment practices. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, the principal, and parents, as well as an analysis of curriculum documents and various assessment instruments used throughout the learning process. The data were analyzed using thematic coding techniques supported by NVivo software, guided by the Formative Summative Continuum framework to examine the alignment and integration between both assessment types. The findings indicate that teachers have regularly implemented formative assessment through digital quizzes, direct observation, reflective discussions, and continuous feedback, which have increased student participation and strengthened competency mastery. Meanwhile, summative assessment was conducted at the end of the semester through written tests and project-based assignments; however, it still primarily emphasizes cognitive aspects and has not fully integrated formative assessment evidence. The study also identifies limitations in the use of multidimensional rubrics, continuous portfolio management, and meaningful parental involvement in the overall evaluation process.

In today's digital landscape, rapid and accurate access to information has become a fundamental requirement for educational institutions. Previously, SMP Swasta Karya Bhakti Medan relied heavily on conventional methods for disseminating information, such as verbal communication or limited printed media. This situation frequently resulted in delays in delivering news to guardians and limited the promotional reach to the broader community. Addressing these issues, this internship project focuses on the design and development of a school profile website as a solution for information digitalization. The system development process involved several stages, including field data collection, user-friendly interface design, and the coding implementation phase. The website is designed to host essential information, ranging from the institutional profile, vision and mission, and facilities, to student activity documentation. To ensure optimal accessibility, the site is hosted using the Netlify service, allowing for continuous online access. The final outcome of this project is a responsive and easily accessible digital information portal. The presence of this website is expected to enhance the school's image and facilitate parents and prospective students in obtaining valid information regarding SMP Swasta Karya Bhakti Medan without distance or time constraints.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Primary infection occurs upon first exposure to bacillary tuberculosis, which often occurs in childhood, hence the term "childhood TB." The diagnosis of TB is usually made through a history that includes complaints of persistent cough, weight loss, fever, and weakness, along with a chest X-ray that shows typical abnormalities of pulmonary TB. In this case, a 21-month-old girl presented with a worsening, persistent cough accompanied by weight loss. The patient's mother reported that her child frequently had fevers and appeared weak. After a physical examination and supporting tests, the patient was diagnosed with TB. The patient was given pharmacological therapy in the form of anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT), and parents were educated about the importance of adherence to TB treatment as prescribed by the doctor. Furthermore, providing a balanced, nutritious diet is recommended to support successful treatment.

The determination of scholarship recipients is a very important process in supporting students’ educational success, particularly in providing fair opportunities for high-achieving students who require financial assistance. However, in practice, this process often faces various challenges, such as assessor subjectivity and uncertainty in evaluating the applied criteria. Therefore, a decision support system is needed to assist decision-making in an objective and measurable manner. This study aims to implement the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method as a decision support system for determining scholarship eligibility. The criteria used in this study include Grade Point Average (GPA) as an indicator of academic achievement and parents’ income as an indicator of students’ economic conditions. The Fuzzy Tsukamoto method was selected because it is capable of producing crisp output values based on predefined fuzzy rules. Student data were processed through several stages, namely fuzzification to transform input data into fuzzy values, inference using the minimum operator, and defuzzification using the weighted average method. The results of the study indicate that the application of the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method is able to generate more objective, consistent, and measurable decisions. Based on the calculation results, a scholarship eligibility score of 63.9 was obtained, which falls into the eligible category. Thus, the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method can be considered an effective alternative to support fair, systematic, and transparent decision-making in determining scholarship recipients.

This article aims to describe the forms of danger, identify the causal factors, formulate strategies, and explain the role of parents in creating safe and inclusive parenting for children with disabilities. Children with disabilities are highly vulnerable to various forms of danger, including physical and emotional neglect, due to a lack of parental understanding and strong social stigma. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature review approach, analyzing data from books, scientific journals, and official reports. The results indicate that risky parenting is caused by a lack of knowledge, economic pressure, and insufficient support from the environment and Non-Formal Education (NFE) institutions. The key strategy to overcome this is through strengthening parental education (inclusive parenting classes), collaboration between NFE institutions and the community, and creating accessible and secure learning environments. In conclusion, NFE has a strategic role as a bridge for parents to gain knowledge and support, thus strengthening a safe, loving, and difference-appreciating family environment. This research emphasizes the novelty of NFE’s role in integrated family-community support to ensure optimal development for children with disabilities.

Parental mental health plays a critical role in fostering healthy parenting practices, particularly during early childhood. Nevertheless, many parents, including homemakers and working mothers, continue to demonstrate limited awareness of the importance of maintaining psychological well-being in the parenting process. This community service initiative aimed to enhance parents’ mental health literacy and raise awareness of its implications for parenting practices. The program employed a mental health education and outreach approach, incorporating structured presentations, interactive discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and the provision of practical coping strategies applicable to daily life. The activity was implemented among parents of kindergarten pupils. The findings indicated a notable improvement in participants’ understanding of parental mental health, increased awareness of stress management in parenting contexts, and an enhanced capacity to apply simple strategies to maintain emotional regulation. Moreover, participants demonstrated active engagement and positive responses throughout the programme. This initiative contributes to strengthening parental mental health awareness as a preventive measure to support healthier and more adaptive parenting practices within the family setting.

This Community Service Program (PkM) aims to strengthen the role of adolescent parents through education on parenting during puberty and family financial literacy in Lembang Tondon Langi’, Tondon District, North Toraja Regency. Through two training sessions led by Ibu Rio Rita Pakan and Ibu Westerini, the program focused on enhancing the knowledge and skills of parents in addressing the challenges of parenting adolescent children and managing household finances. The first session, which addressed parenting during puberty, provided parents with insights into the characteristics of adolescent development and effective communication strategies. The second session, which focused on family financial management, offered practical skills in budgeting, debt management, and saving for the future. The results of the program showed that parents in Lembang Tondon Langi’ felt more prepared and confident in applying a more open and adaptive approach to parenting, as well as becoming more prudent in managing household finances. The enhancement of skills in both areas is expected to create more harmonious families and greater financial stability. The sustainability of the program is recommended through the formation of ongoing discussion groups and the active involvement of community leaders. This program has contributed positively to family welfare and the empowerment of parents in rural areas

This study aims to determine the relationship between family social support and the discipline of 4-5-year-old children at Pembina State Kindergarten. The study used a quantitative method with a descriptive correlational approach. A sample of 14 parents was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained through a five-level Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment correlation test. The results showed that children's discipline was in the very high category at 93.5%, while family social support was also in the very high category at 94.9%. However, the correlation test showed an r value of –0.14, indicating a very weak and insignificant relationship between family social support and children's discipline. This finding indicates that, despite high family support, other factors such as role models and school habits likely have a greater influence on the development of children's discipline. This study emphasizes the importance of collaboration between families and educational institutions in supporting the development of discipline in early childhood.

This study aims to analyze in depth the quality of Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in the learning process at schools and its implications for early childhood development. The quality of educators is viewed as one of the key factors determining the success of learning implementation and the achievement of educational objectives at the early childhood education level. This study employs a literature review method, which involves collecting various relevant scientific articles, books, and other academic sources related to the research topic, followed by systematic analysis to obtain a comprehensive understanding and conclude the findings. The results indicate that the quality of educators has a significant influence on teachers’ success in performing their roles as facilitators, mentors, and educators in supporting children’s cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. Therefore, the quality of early childhood educators needs to be continuously developed and improved through education, training, and professional development to maintain and enhance the quality of learning activities in schools. In addition, support from various stakeholders, including the government, educational institutions, schools, and parents, plays a crucial role in efforts to improve the quality of early childhood educators in an optimal and sustainable manner.

Choking is a dangerous thing for children, especially children with special needs who require proper handling, and parents as the closest people to the child must have first aid skills for choking. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of ANSIVI (Animation and Simulation Video) Choking Management on parents' ability in first aid for choking. The research design was a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach without control. The purposive sampling technique obtained 36 respondents. The research instrument used an observation sheet for first aid for choking. The statistical test was the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with α 0.05. The results of the study before being given the ANSIVI (Animation and Simulation Video) Choking Management intervention showed that all (100%) respondents had insufficient ability, and after the intervention the majority (52.8%) of respondents had sufficient ability. The results of the statistical analysis obtained a p-value of 0.013 < α 0.05, so there is an effect of ANSIVI (Animation and Simulation Video) choking management on parents' ability in first aid for choking. The ANSIVI method (Video Animation and Simulation) combines two methods so that it is more interesting, interactive, and effective because the video is captured by the eyes and ears and then will be detected and converted into signals to the optic nerve and auditory nerve and forwarded to the brain, program area, and frontal area to be associated so that it will affect the respondent's ability. The ANSIVI method can be used in education for all parents and school residents as a first aid effort for choking, especially for children with special needs.

The advancement of information technology has increased young children’s exposure to digital devices, which potentially affects language development. This study aims to analyze the relationship between daily screen time duration and language development of children aged 5–6 years in Desa Mendalo Indah, Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. The subjects were six children aged 5–6 years who had more than two hours of daily screen time. Data were collected through observations of children’s language abilities, interviews with parents, and documentation of daily activities, and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s (2014) interactive model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed variations in children’s language abilities despite having relatively similar screen time durations. Children who received active parental guidance and accessed educational content demonstrated better receptive and expressive language skills, including following sequential instructions, forming simple sentences, and expressing ideas verbally. Conversely, children who used screen time passively without supervision tended to have limitations in vocabulary acquisition, concentration, and verbal interaction. These findings indicate that screen time duration alone is not the sole determinant of children’s language development; it is also influenced by the quality of parental guidance, the type of content accessed, and social interaction experiences. This study is expected to provide guidance for parents, teachers, and early childhood education practitioners in managing digital media use wisely to optimally support children’s language development.

The growing use of smartphones among adolescents carries a high risk of addiction, which can negatively impact physical, mental, and social well-being. To address this issue, a community service program was implemented to conduct early detection of gadget addiction among high school students and provide educational health media to raise knowledge and awareness about excessive smartphone use. The program involved 240 students of SMA Negeri 1 Tuntang and was conducted in three stages: screening, development of educational materials, and health counseling. Screening used the short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale and revealed that 90% of students were classified as addicted. Prior to counseling, 81.25% of students had low levels of knowledge regarding healthy gadget use, which significantly improved after the intervention, with 83.4% achieving high knowledge levels. Health counseling proved crucial in enhancing students’ understanding and promoting responsible smartphone habits. The program highlights the importance of collaborative efforts by schools, parents, and students to limit smartphone use, encourage physical activity, and foster face-to-face social interactions to support adolescent well-being.

This study aims to develop a student learning progress monitoring system designed to assist teachers and parents in tracking students’ academic performance at SMP Negeri 2 Loura. The main issue identified in the school is that academic information is still distributed using manual procedures, which results in delays and limited transparency regarding students’ learning progress. To address this problem, the system was developed using the Model View Controller (MVC) architecture and the Waterfall approach to system development, which consists of several sequential phases such as analyzing requirements, designing the system, implementing the solution, conducting tests, and performing ongoing maintenance. The findings of this research show that the system that has been created is capable of presenting academic information in a complete and structured manner, including assignment scores, daily tests, and semester examinations. The system provides faster and easier access for teachers to input grades and for parents to monitor their children’s academic development in real time. Functional testing shows that all features operate correctly according to user needs, with no errors found during system operation.

Early detection of child growth and development is a crucial effort to prevent developmental delays and health problems in children. Family involvement plays a significant role because the family is the closest environment to the child and has continuous interaction in daily life. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a family education program in improving parents’ knowledge and skills in detecting child growth and development. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a pretest–posttest method. The population consisted of families with children aged 0–6 years, with samples selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires and observation sheets measuring parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to growth and developmental detection. Data analysis was conducted using paired sample t-tests. The results showed a significant increase in parents’ knowledge and skills after participating in the family education program. The findings indicate that structured and continuous family education can enhance parents’ ability to monitor child growth and development independently. This study implies that family-based education programs can be integrated into community health services as a preventive strategy to improve child health outcomes.

Stunting is a health issue that remains a concern for the government, particularly in supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely the nutritional status of children under five. Stunting, or chronic malnutrition, causes children to fail to grow, which is influenced by mothers' knowledge of nutritional fulfillment in children, especially from the first 1,000 days of birth until the child is 2 years old. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education on parents in preventing stunting in Sumeith Pasinaro Village. The targets of this study were pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and parents who had children aged 1-5 years. This study used a One Group Pre-test-Post-test design with paired sample t-test analysis. There were 12 participants in the activity. Data were collected through a multiple-choice questionnaire administered before and after the socialization with the material “Prevent Stunting from the Heart.” The average pre-test score of the participants was 6.75 and then increased to 9.33 on the post-test, with a difference of 2.58. The paired sample t-test results showed a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.014 (< 0.05), indicating a significant increase in participants' knowledge after receiving education. Therefore, health education through socialization activities is effective in increasing mothers' knowledge about stunting prevention. Activities like this are important to continue as an effort to reduce the incidence of stunting in the community.