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Pancasila Education is a compulsory subject taught at every level of education, from elementary to higher education, with the aim of shaping students’ attitudes and behaviors based on the values of Pancasila in their daily lives. This study aims to describe the teacher's strategies in implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model to enhance students' critical thinking skills in the Pancasila Education subject for fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 5 Penatih. The research focuses on three main aspects: (1) the implementation of PBL by teachers in improving students’ critical thinking in the topic "Pancasila as the Foundation of My Country", (2) the supporting and inhibiting factors in applying the PBL model, and (3) the implications of PBL implementation on the learning process and outcomes. This study employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the teacher’s strategy in applying PBL involves three key stages: planning (designing contextual and relevant problems), implementation (the teacher acting as a facilitator during group discussions), and evaluation (assessing students’ thinking processes). Supporting factors for the successful application of PBL include teacher competence, student motivation, a conducive learning environment, and curriculum support. On the other hand, limited instructional time and low student participation present challenges that need to be addressed. The implications of PBL implementation include enhanced critical thinking skills, improved collaboration abilities, and the development of student character as reflective, open-minded, and responsible individuals. Learning becomes more engaging, meaningful, and interactive as students are actively involved in solving real-life problems related to their everyday experiences.

This training aims to introduce and apply a product-based learning (PBL) approach in a kindergarten (TK) environment. PBL is a student-centered learning method where children learn through exploration, problem solving and collaboratively in producing a product. In the kindergarten context, PBL focuses on developing children's cognitive, social and motor skills through hands-on learning and writing activities. This training was developed for kindergarten teachers with a theoretical understanding of PBL, PBL planning methods that are adapted to child development, as well as creative and effective classroom implementation strategies. Educators are trained to design programs that connect to the kindergarten curriculum, conduct product-based learning, assess children's progress in critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills. The hope is that this training can help teachers create an interesting and meaningful learning environment for children, encouraging creativity, curiosity and enthusiasm for learning. It is hoped that the results of this training can improve the quality of children's education through the effective implementation of PBL.

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has become a significant approach in the realm of education aimed at enhancing students' abilities to solve real-world problems. This paper delves into the integration of PBL within curriculum planning as an endeavor to create a more meaningful and pertinent learning environment for students. PBL amalgamates theoretical concepts with practical applications in problem-solving, enabling students to hone critical thinking, creativity, and collaborative skills. This research scrutinizes strategies for implementing PBL within curriculum planning, encompassing the identification of curriculum-relevant issues, structuring structured learning steps, and evaluating learning outcomes. The success of PBL within the curriculum context hinges upon schools' and teachers' capacities to design adaptable and flexible curricula. Teachers assume a pivotal role as learning facilitators, guiding students in exploring problems, fostering collaboration, and nurturing profound comprehension. Furthermore, this study underscores the advantages of integrating PBL into the curriculum, including heightened student motivation, fortified problem-solving skills, and preparing students to confront real-world challenges.