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The Integrated Primary Care Posyandu (ILP) program requires cadres to assume a much broader role compared to conventional Posyandu services. In the working area of Puskesmas Penusupan, ILP achievement reached only 20% in 2025, while merely 25 out of 225 cadres (11%) had received related training. This condition indicates that cadre readiness needs to be examined more comprehensively before the program can be implemented optimally. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the readiness of ILP Posyandu cadres using a descriptive-analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The study involved 144 cadres selected proportionally from a population of 225 using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through structured interviews using a validated questionnaire and analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Spearman Rank), and multivariate (ordinal logistic regression) analyses. The results showed that among the eight variables examined, only skills (r = 0.171; p = 0.040) and resource availability (r = 0.225; p = 0.007) were significantly associated with cadre readiness. In the multivariate analysis, resource availability emerged as the most influential factor with an OR = 2.839 (95% CI: 1.311–6.149), indicating that cadres supported by adequate resources were 2.8 times more likely to demonstrate good readiness. In conclusion, resource availability was identified as the dominant factor associated with the readiness of ILP Posyandu cadres in the working area of Puskesmas Penusupan. Therefore, improving the availability of facilities and infrastructure, providing practice-based training, and strengthening operational support should become priority programs in the future.

This study examines the transformation of financial management through the implementation of digital accounting in PPOB (Payment Point Online Bank) businesses, which still face manual recording problems such as input errors, delayed reconciliations, and data discrepancies. The research used a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach involving PPOB agents in Sidoarjo. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that digital accounting significantly improves operational efficiency through automated transaction recording, real-time data integration, and faster as well as more accurate reconciliation processes. In addition, features such as automatic validation, API integration, and audit trails help minimize recording errors and maintain data consistency. The implementation of digital accounting also supports transparency and improves the quality of financial information used in decision-making. Although challenges remain regarding agents’ technological understanding and infrastructure readiness, overall implementation has provided positive impacts on financial management effectiveness and business operations in PPOB services, making processes more efficient, accurate, and reliable.

The availability of a reliable backup power source is essential for supporting the operational continuity of the Indonesian National Army Fuel Filling Station (SPBT) at the Naval Academy (AAL). Interruptions in the main electrical supply can disrupt fuel distribution activities and reduce operational readiness. This study aims to determine the most appropriate emergency generator as a backup power source for SPBT AAL using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires administered to experts with competencies in electrical systems and operational management. The evaluation was based on three criteria: purchase cost, spare parts availability, and ease of maintenance. Five generator alternatives were assessed, namely Cummins C10D6, Yanmar YTG10S, Traknus PL15P-SS, Honda EM10000, and Yamaha EF12000E. The results indicate that ease of maintenance is the most influential criterion with a priority weight of 0.627, followed by spare parts availability at 0.280 and purchase cost at 0.094. The global priority ranking shows that Yanmar YTG10S achieved the highest score of 0.438, making it the most suitable emergency generator for SPBT AAL. Furthermore, the consistency ratio (CR) values were below 0.10, indicating that the respondents’ judgments were consistent and that the results are valid for decision-making purposes.

This research aims to analyze and develop a competency model for the Indonesian Navy Technical Officers thru the education of Naval Academy Cadets (AAL) in supporting the operational readiness of main weapon system equipment (alutsista) in the naval domain. The research uses a mixed methods approach with a Sequential Exploratory design, starting with qualitative studies thru interviews, observations, documentation studies, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD), followed by quantitative testing using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The research results show that the education curriculum, teaching quality, mentoring system, field practice, and mastery of weapon system technology have a positive and significant impact on the development of the competencies of the Indonesian Navy Technical Officers. The most dominant factor is the mastery of weapon system technology, followed by field practice and the education curriculum. This research resulted in the Integrated Naval Technical Officer Competency Development (INTOCD) Model, which integrates a competency-based curriculum, academic learning, technical training, field practice, technology mastery, as well as character and leadership development. The model is expected to serve as a reference in the development of the competencies of the Indonesian Navy Technical Officers to enhance personnel professionalism and support the operational readiness of naval defense equipment sustainably.

This study examines the legal protection of children's rights to inclusive education and its implications for the institutional governance of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Indonesia. A normative juridical method with a descriptive-qualitative library-based approach is used to evaluate the coherence between macro-level child protection regulations and operational standards for school management. The data are entirely secondary, sourced from statutory laws, ministerial regulations, and pertinent scientific literature. The findings reveal a fundamental tension: the constitutional rights of children with special needs to access non-discriminatory ECE are robustly guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 35/2014 on Child Protection, and Law No. 8/2016 on Persons with Disabilities, yet a wide gap persists at the implementation level. This discrepancy arises because derivative ECE governance instruments including accreditation frameworks and curriculum standards still frame inclusion readiness as a voluntary component rather than a binding obligation. Consequently, ECE institutions encounter systemic barriers in human resource management, physical accessibility, and curricular flexibility. The study underscores the urgency of transitioning ECE management toward a Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) and recommends that the Ministry of Basic and Secondary Education reform accreditation instruments by embedding inclusive indicators as mandatory prerequisites for institutional feasibility, thereby aligning administrative governance with the fulfillment of children's constitutional rights.

This study examines the role of QRIS as a non-cash payment system in supporting the digitalization of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The rapid growth of digital transactions has encouraged MSMEs to adopt more efficient, practical, and secure payment systems. This study aims to integrate the benefits and barriers of QRIS, map its position in the MSME digitalization process, and develop a conceptual framework for future research. A descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study design was employed, utilizing relevant academic sources related to QRIS, MSMEs, digital payments, and user behavior. Data were analyzed using content analysis by comparing, interpreting, and synthesizing findings from selected literature. The results indicate that QRIS contributes to simplifying transactions, improving operational efficiency, reducing cash dependency, and supporting MSMEs’ adaptation to digital payment trends. However, its implementation remains constrained by factors such as digital literacy, user readiness, trust, and infrastructural limitations. The study also highlights that QRIS adoption is influenced not only by technological advantages but also by perceived value and user trust. Therefore, QRIS can be positioned as a strategic instrument in accelerating the digital transformation of MSME payment systems. The findings imply the need for further empirical research to examine the direct impact of QRIS adoption on MSME performance and sustainability.

The rapid proliferation of learning analytics, business intelligence (BI), artificial intelligence (AI), and generative AI (GenAI) has significantly expanded universities’ ability to collect, integrate, analyze, and operationalize institutional data. However, despite advances in predictive analytics, dashboards, and AI-driven systems, the translation of analytical outputs into consistent and accountable institutional decision-making remains uneven. This systematic literature review synthesizes contemporary research on analytics-enabled decision-making in higher education with the aim of moving beyond dashboard-centric perspectives toward a socio-technical and computing-oriented understanding of how data are transformed into institutional actions and outcomes. Guided by the PRISMA framework, the review synthesizes evidence across four interconnected dimensions: data ecosystems and learning analytics foundations; analytics capability, BI adoption, and digital readiness; AI and advanced analytics for decision support; and human-in-the-loop (HITL) decision routines and institutional outcomes. The findings show that predictive performance and analytical sophistication alone do not guarantee decision value. Instead, effective analytics-enabled decision-making depends on interoperable data ecosystems, organizational analytics capability, governance mechanisms, explainability, and sustained human oversight. Based on these findings, this review contributes a computing-oriented decision-intelligence framework that conceptualizes analytics-enabled decision-making as an end-to-end socio-technical pipeline linking heterogeneous data acquisition, integration, feature construction, analytical modeling, explainability, human validation, governance, and feedback-based refinement. By integrating learning analytics, BI, AI, GenAI, and HITL mechanisms within a unified framework, the review clarifies how universities can move beyond dashboard-based reporting toward accountable, adaptive, and institutionally actionable decision-support infrastructures.

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed organizational landscapes and driven fundamental changes in leadership practices and strategic management. This article aims to critically examine AI-based leadership by highlighting its opportunities, risks, and implications for strategic management. The study employs a qualitative literature-based approach using an integrative literature review strategy. The data consist of secondary scholarly literature relevant to AI, leadership, governance, innovation, and strategic management, which were analyzed through qualitative thematic analysis and conceptual content analysis. The findings show that AI-based leadership creates opportunities in the form of improved decision quality, faster strategic analysis, operational efficiency, stronger innovation, and enhanced organizational agility. However, AI integration also presents risks, including algorithmic bias, limited decision transparency, technological dependency, accountability challenges, and ethical concerns. This study confirms that AI does not fully replace human leaders; rather, it fosters a hybrid leadership model that requires technical, adaptive, transformational, and ethical capabilities. The study implies that the effectiveness of AI-based leadership depends on responsible governance, organizational cultural readiness, and balanced human–machine collaboration in supporting strategic management.

Health-related SMEs in Indonesia have significant opportunities to enter international markets, but many businesses still face limitations in digital capabilities, innovation, and readiness for external markets. This study aims to examine the influence of digital transformation on the success of health-related SMEs in going international, both directly and through business innovation as a mediator. The study employs a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design involving 200 owners or key managers of SMEs in East Java, selected via purposive sampling. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that digital transformation has a positive influence on business innovation and the success of going international. Business innovation also has a positive effect on internationalisation success and mediates the relationship between digital transformation and external market success. These findings confirm that digitalisation should not merely be understood as an operational tool, but as a strategic capability that must be integrated with product, process, marketing, and business model innovation. The research implications emphasise the importance of strengthening digital capabilities and business innovation to enhance the global competitiveness of Indonesian health-related SMEs

The growth of aviation activities at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali, has led to the rapid development of surrounding areas, potentially obstructing protected airspace. Obstacles on the approach surface of Runway 27 have become a critical concern, particularly for precision approach Category II (CAT II) operations, which require obstacle-free approach areas. This study aims to analyze obstacles within the approach area of Runway 27 and develop effective control strategies. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through field observations, interviews, and documentation studies. The analysis follows the Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) standards according to ICAO and national regulations. The findings reveal obstacles such as mangrove vegetation, antennas, and ship activities in the Benoa Harbor area, which are located within the approach surface and could potentially impact the OLS limits. While these obstacles generally comply with existing regulations, their proximity to the threshold may reduce the safety margin of flight operations and limit CAT II implementation on Runway 27. This study proposes technical, operational, regulatory, and preventive strategies to improve obstacle control, enhancing aviation safety and ensuring the readiness for CAT II operations at the airport.

The implementation of Hospital Management Information Systems (HMIS) has become a strategic imperative to enhance operational efficiency amidst the ongoing global digital health transformation era. This study aims to analyze the determinants of successful HMIS implementation and its impact on service efficiency and patient outcome quality. Employing a narrative review approach with thematic synthesis of literature from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases between 2016-2026, the study evaluates the relationship between technology investment and organizational performance. The synthesis results indicate that while HMIS significantly reduces administrative burdens and medication errors, a "digital paradox" exists where technical efficiency may disrupt interpersonal interactions between healthcare providers and patients if systems are not user-centered. Key success factors include data interoperability (HL7/FHIR standards), human resource readiness, and governance policy support. This study concludes that a patient-centered efficiency model is the fundamental basis for ensuring technology investments yield sustainable added value within the healthcare delivery system.

Health-related SMEs in Indonesia have significant opportunities to enter international markets, but many businesses still face limitations in digital capabilities, innovation, and readiness for external markets. This study aims to examine the influence of digital transformation on the success of health-related SMEs in going international, both directly and through business innovation as a mediator. The study employs a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design involving 200 owners or key managers of SMEs in East Java, selected via purposive sampling. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that digital transformation has a positive influence on business innovation and the success of going international. Business innovation also has a positive effect on internationalisation success and mediates the relationship between digital transformation and external market success. These findings confirm that digitalisation should not merely be understood as an operational tool, but as a strategic capability that must be integrated with product, process, marketing, and business model innovation. The research implications emphasise the importance of strengthening digital capabilities and business innovation to enhance the global competitiveness of Indonesian health-related SMEs.

The hospitality industry is a dynamic sector that demands housekeeping staff to have high adaptability to changes in technology, operational procedures, and guest expectations. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of workplace adaptability training in increasing the understanding and adaptation readiness of housekeeping staff at PT X. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test post-test model. Training participants included various job levels, from staff to supervisors. The intervention was carried out through the delivery of conceptual material, discussion of operational case studies, and online reflective sessions. The comparative test results showed a significant difference between the participants' level of understanding before and after the training. All participants experienced a consistent increase in scores, indicating that this training was effective in building employees' cognitive capacity and adaptive behavior. However, the effectiveness of this training needs to be supported by inclusive organizational policies, fair compensation systems, and protection against work risks to reduce the turnover rate of new and daily workers. The study concludes that adaptability training is a vital investment for hotel operational resilience amidst market dynamics.

Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health (the 2023 Health Law) serves as a fundamental regulation governing various aspects of health services in Indonesia, including the operations of private hospitals. For private hospitals whose shares are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), the implementation of the 2023 Health Law has brought significant changes in both legal and operational dimensions. This study aims to examine the legal aspects of implementing the 2023 Health Law on the operations of IDX-listed private hospitals. Employing a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, this study analyzes relevant regulations and doctrines. The results indicate that the 2023 Health Law expands the scope of hospitals' legal liability, comprehensively regulates the obligations and rights of both hospitals and patients, and imposes stricter sanctions for violations. Furthermore, the implementation of this regulation impacts the business and financial aspects of listed private hospitals, including expansion opportunities, shifts in cost structures, and stock market responses. However, challenges remain in its application, such as diverse interpretations of certain provisions and hospitals' readiness to comply with the established requirements.

The police institution is a law enforcement agency whose operational effectiveness heavily depends on the management of human resources to support organizational development and sustainability. The Directorate of Special Criminal Investigation (Ditreskrimsus) holds a strategic role in handling specialized and complex crimes. Its duties involve addressing various forms of criminal activity with high levels of risk and uncertainty. Such risks are often unpredictable and may arise suddenly. Continuous readiness and sustained vigilance in diverse situations can serve as significant sources of work-related stress. One strategy to mitigate work stress is by enhancing Quality of Work Life (QWL). This study aims to examine the relationship between QWL and work stress among members of the Ditreskrimsus of Polda Jambi. A quantitative approach with a correlational research design was employed, involving 115 members selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected online using questionnaires consisting of a QWL scale and a Work Stress scale. Correlation analysis conducted using SPSS indicated that the majority of respondents were in the moderate category. The findings revealed a significant negative relationship between QWL and Work Stress, with a correlation coefficient of r = -0.549 and a significance level of p < 0.001. These results underscore the importance of continuously improving various aspects of QWL as an effective strategy to prevent and reduce work-related stress.

Digital transformation has become a central agenda in local governments seeking to improve the effectiveness, accessibility, and reliability of public service delivery, particularly in population administration services that constitute the legal foundation of citizenship. In Indonesia, the Surabaya City Government has implemented the Klampid New Generation (KNG) program as an integrated digital platform for population administration services, aiming to streamline civil registration processes, enhance service quality, and expand citizen access. Despite its technological ambition, the implementation of digital population administration services continues to face persistent challenges related to administrative capacity, especially at the municipal level where services are operationalized and directly experienced by citizens. This issue raises an urgent academic and practical question regarding how administrative capacity shapes the performance and sustainability of digital public services within the broader digital government transformation. This article aims to synthesize and critically evaluate the existing scholarly literature on administrative capacity in the implementation of digital population administration services, with analytical relevance to the KNG program in Surabaya City Government. Employing an integrative literature review design, the study systematically examines peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2021 and 2025, retrieved from Scopus, DOAJ, Google Scholar, and SINTA databases. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and analyzed using thematic and conceptual synthesis techniques. The review identifies key dimensions of administrative capacity that consistently influence digital service implementation, including institutional and organizational arrangements, human resource competence, technological and infrastructural readiness, regulatory and procedural alignment, inter-organizational coordination, and the role of street-level bureaucrats in frontline service delivery.

The interactive learning video innovation "Human Blood Circulation" through Edpuzzle, with embedded questions, is designed to address the difficulties faced by fifth-grade elementary school students in understanding abstract biological concepts. Science education in elementary schools often encounters challenges in explaining invisible processes, such as the heart's working mechanism and blood circulation, leading students to struggle with comprehension or merely memorize the material. Conventional learning videos tend to make students passive, necessitating media that can transform the learning process into an active one. Edpuzzle, as an educational platform, allows teachers to insert questions at critical points in the video, requiring students to answer before continuing to watch. This innovation aligns with the cognitive development stage of fifth-grade students, who are in the concrete operational stage.The research objectives include product development, validity and feasibility testing, analysis of conceptual understanding improvement, influence on focus and learning independence, and student responses. Media development refers to Mayer's cognitive theory of multimedia and the characteristics of interactive videos according to Heinich et al. Additionally, media development models such as ADDIE and Dick and Carey are discussed. The main benefits of using Edpuzzle include increasing engagement, facilitating real-time formative assessment, and enhancing learning motivation. However, challenges exist such as technology access, teacher readiness, the risk of technology dependency, and long-term evaluation. The practical implications can support digital learning and the transformation of elementary science education.

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are required to establish well-organized bookkeeping and administrative systems to enhance competitiveness and readiness for international expansion. However, Iluh Craft MSME continues to face challenges related to unstructured financial record-keeping and traditional administrative practices, which hinder effective financial monitoring and the preparation of business documentation. This community service activity aims to implement an efficient bookkeeping and administrative system to improve recording accuracy, operational efficiency, and the readiness of Iluh Craft MSME to expand into international markets. The implementation employed a descriptive participatory approach involving interviews, observations, and documentation, followed by system design, phased implementation, mentoring, and joint evaluation with the partner. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the accuracy of financial records, a reduction in transaction recording errors to below 5%, administrative time efficiency gains of approximately 25–30%, and improved document organization with faster data retrieval. In addition, more than 90% of staff members were able to operate the system independently. Overall, the implementation of an efficient bookkeeping and administrative system proved effective in supporting more professional business management and enhancing the readiness of Iluh Craft MSME for international market expansion.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of bulk cement loading processes on the operational performance of vessels agented by PT. Pelayaran Multi Jaya Samudera Belawan. Bulk cement loading is a complex logistical activity at specialized port terminals that requires intensive coordination between the vessel, agency, and terminal to comply with international safety standards such as the IMSBC Code. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including direct field observations, interviews with the company's operational staff, and documentation studies conducted during the internship period. The research findings indicate that loading effectiveness is significantly influenced by the readiness of cargo handling equipment, such as pneumatic or conveyor systems, as well as the timeliness of agency administration in processing ship documents. Although the process generally runs well, obstacles were identified in the form of technical malfunctions of loading equipment and weather factors that frequently hinder operational speed. The conclusion of this research emphasizes that enhancing technical supervision and strengthening communication between the agent and port terminal authorities are crucial to minimizing vessel dwelling time, thereby optimizing operational performance and cost efficiency for ship owners.

This study examines the integration of technology in the process of Human Resource (HR) transformation through the perspective of employee data analytics as a strategic approach to modern HR management. The primary focus of the study is to analyze the impact of the simultaneous integration of digital HR systems and organizational digital transformation on improving the efficiency of HR functions, with organizational agility positioned as a moderating variable that strengthens this relationship. In addition, the study explores the potential optimization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies and predictive analytics methods, such as Bayesian Optimization, in predicting workforce dynamics, including employee attrition risk and competency development needs, while also bridging the analytical skills gap among HR practitioners. The research method employed is a systematic literature review of relevant scientific publications from 2021 to 2025, selecting sources that address digital HR transformation, HR analytics, and the application of AI in organizational contexts. The findings indicate that digital HR systems have a strong and significant effect on enhancing operational efficiency and the quality of HR decision-making, and this effect becomes more optimal when supported by a high level of organizational agility. Furthermore, AI and predictive analytics are proven to generate more accurate predictions and simplify technical complexity, making them easier for HR practitioners to adopt. This study concludes that the success of HR transformation requires a holistic approach that aligns the use of advanced technologies with organizational capabilities, human resource readiness, and ethical considerations to create sustainable organizational value.