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Abstract. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness and reliability of production machines in the process of making public street lighting poles (PJU) at PT. XYZ The main problem faced by the company is high machine downtime so that production targets are not achieved. Therefore, a method is needed that is able to measure machine effectiveness as a whole and identify the main causes of production losses. The method applied includes Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) to measure machine effectiveness based on three components, namely availability, performance and quality. The Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) approach is used to identify factors causing low effectiveness through Six Big Losses analysis. Apart from that, Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) and Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) are calculated to determine the level of machine reliability. The data used includes machine working hours, downtime, operating time, production quantities, defective products, as well as machine damage and repair data. The analysis results are expected to show the level of machine effectiveness and identify the dominant factors causing downtime. Based on these results, improvement proposals are prepared to reduce downtime, increase machine reliability and improve production productivity Keywords: Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Six Big Losses, Downtime, Efektivitas   Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan keandalan mesin produksi pada proses pembuatan tiang penerangan jalan umum (PJU) di PT. XYZ Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi perusahaan adalah downtime mesin yang tinggi sehingga target produksi tidak tercapai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode yang mampu mengukur efektivitas mesin secara menyeluruh dan mengidentifikasi penyebab utama kerugian produksi. Metode yang diterapkan meliputi Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) untuk mengukur efektivitas mesin berdasarkan tiga komponen, yaitu availability, performance, dan quality. Pendekatan Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab rendahnya efektivitas melalui analisis Six Big Losses. Selain itu, dilakukan perhitungan Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) dan Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) untuk mengetahui tingkat keandalan mesin. Data yang digunakan mencakup jam kerja mesin, downtime, waktu operasi, jumlah produksi, produk cacat, serta data kerusakan dan perbaikan mesin. Hasil analisis diharapkan dapat menunjukkan tingkat efektivitas mesin dan mengidentifikasi faktor dominan penyebab downtime. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disusun usulan perbaikan untuk mengurangi downtime, meningkatkan keandalan mesin, dan memperbaiki produktivitas produksi Kata kunci: Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Six Big Losses, Downtime Mesin, Efektivitas Mesin

The implementation of predictive maintenance supported by SAP Plant Maintenance (SAP PM) at PT Xyz has proven to be effective in reducing machine downtime, lowering maintenance costs, and improving asset reliability. The integration of SAP PM with Industry 4.0 technologies such as IoT sensors, AI-based analytics, and real-time notification systems strengthens operational efficiency and ensures continuous performance. Empirical results show improvements in key performance indicators, including a 20-25% reduction in downtime, a 30% reduction in maintenance costs, an increase in asset availability to 97%, an MTBF extension of up to 511 hours, and an OEE rate of 92.1%. These findings highlight the strategic role of digital predictive maintenance in increasing competitiveness and supporting long-term sustainability in manufacturing operations.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of preventive maintenance on the Simplex machine at PT. XYZ by applying the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and identifying the primary causes of production losses through the Six Big Losses framework. Preventive maintenance is an important strategy to ensure machine reliability, reduce downtime, and improve production efficiency. OEE is a widely recognized performance measurement tool consisting of three key indicators: Availability, Performance, and Quality. These indicators collectively reflect the overall effectiveness of equipment in supporting the production process. The results of this study indicate that the OEE value of the Simplex machine is 79%, which remains below the world-class benchmark of 85% as recommended by the Japan Institute of Plant Maintenance (JIPM). This finding suggests that the machine’s performance has not yet reached the optimal standard and requires improvement efforts. Further analysis using the Six Big Losses approach reveals that the most significant contributors to reduced machine effectiveness are equipment failure and idling or minor stoppages. These two categories account for the majority of productivity losses, thereby affecting both machine utilization and production output. To further explore the underlying issues, a root cause analysis was conducted using a fishbone diagram, which enabled the identification of several critical factors related to human resources, methods, machines, materials, environment, and measurement systems. Based on this analysis, improvement proposals were developed through the 5W+1H method, providing a systematic strategy to enhance preventive maintenance practices. The recommended actions include scheduling more frequent inspections, improving operator training, upgrading spare parts management, and implementing stricter monitoring of machine performance. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of continuous preventive maintenance to optimize machine productivity and reduce unplanned downtime. By adopting the proposed improvement strategies, PT. XYZ can increase the effectiveness of its Simplex machine, moving

The development of digital printing technology requires machines with high reliability and efficiency. The AccurioPress 6100 is a widely used digital printing machine that offers a speed of up to 100 pages per minute. However, the machine’s Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) at PT. OctoPrint only ranged from 45% to 53%, which is below the industry standard of 85%. This study identifies the gap in machine efficiency and proposes solutions based on OEE analysis involving Availability, Performance, and Quality indicators. The study adopts a descriptive quantitative method, collecting data through direct observation and interviews over a 14-week period. Preventive maintenance strategies were implemented to improve machine performance. The results showed an increase in OEE to 60–63%, supported by improvements in Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) and reductions in Mean Time To Repair (MTTR).

Optimization of primary and secondary packaging is crucial for the quality and efficiency of drug production. The drug packaging process consists of primary packaging that is in direct contact with the product and secondary packaging that provides additional protection and important information. This study aims to analyze various methods applied in pharmaceutical packaging to assess the effectiveness of Lean Manufacturing (VSM), Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED), and Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). This study shows that VSM significantly reduces the time of secondary packaging activities. SMED reduces the lead time of primary packaging analysis by 58.06%. Meanwhile, OEE analysis of primary packaging identified high set-up/adjustment as the main cause of losses. The importance of implementing structured methods to increase productivity, reduce waste, and ensure a more efficient and effective packaging process in the pharmaceutical industry, contributing to improving product quality and safety.

One of the key processes in the production of APAR cylinders is the welding of cylindrical plates, which is carried out using a Longitudinal Welding Cylinder machine and the CO₂ welding method. However, in practice, operators face several challenges, mainly due to the number of process steps that do not significantly contribute to the quantity or quality of the output, resulting in reduced productivity. This study aims to improve the productivity of the welding process through a series of improvements. The methods used include data analysis and root cause identification through the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) approach and Lean Six Sigma using the DMAIC stages (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Based on the Define stage, the initial OEE value was 67.49%, which is still far below the world-class standard of 85%. In the Measure stage, Pareto analysis revealed that the largest downtime (2,097 minutes or 40%) was caused by cycle time issues. Further analysis showed that activities such as material setup, additional plate placement, and additional plate cutting (totaling 85 seconds) could still be optimized. During the Improve stage, modifications were made, such as eliminating the additional plate cutting process and adding a stopper to ensure accurate welding alignment. These improvements successfully reduced the cycle time from 180 seconds to 120 seconds, thereby decreasing downtime and increasing the OEE value to 76.12%.

PT XYZ is a company that produces various gases in the form of Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Argon in gas and liquid form. In the production process, the machine runs 24 hours non-stop and will stop production when maintenance is employed once a year. The Air Separation Plant (ASP) machine performance measurements are needed to determine the effectiveness of its production. The reseacrh aims to analyze the factors that affect machine productivity. The method used is quantitative, using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) approach. In addition, this study uses interviews to determine the factors that affect engine performance. The results show that the OEE value of the machine is 75%, which is still below the international standard OEE value of 85%. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize engine performance. Based on the analysis using a fishbone diagram, there are five influencing factors: human factors, machines, work methods, environment, and materials. Based on these five factors, the engine factor most influences the low value of engine performance. The predictive maintenance calculations are conducted, especially on expender and cold box machines, every 95 days of machine should use with work efficiency of around 40 hours.

Pengelolaan kinerja forklift di Gudang Terminal Peti Kemas Semarang memiliki peran penting dalam keefektifan stripping barang impor Less Container Load (LCL). Tujuan penelitian (1) mengetahui hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata availability ratio pada kinerja forklift dalam kegiatan stripping di Gudang Terminal Peti Kemas Semarang, (2) mengetahui hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata performance ratio pada kinerja forklift dalam kegiatan stripping di Gudang Terminal Peti Kemas Semarang, (3) mengetahui hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata quality ratio pada kinerja forklift dalam kegiatan stripping di Gudang Terminal Peti Kemas Semarang, (4) mengetahui hasil perhitungan nilai rata-rata Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) di Gudang Terminal Peti Kemas Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) melalui tahapan-tahapan perhitungan (1) perhitungan data penurunan waktu forklift tahun 2023 (2) perhitungan nilai availability ratio (3) perhitungan nilai performance ratio, (4) perhitungan nilai quality ratio, (5) perhitungan nilai indeks Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). Nilai rata-rata availability ratio adalah -0,1616666 %, dimana standar JIPM > 90 %, sehingga hasil menunjukkan ketersediaan forklift tahun 2023 rendah. Penyebabnya bulan Juni forklift mengalami kerusakan mpu board sehingga menjalani perbaikan selama 720 jam untuk waiting part modul fet fm dan board comp dan bulan Juli forklift mengalami kerusakan mesin forklift sehingga menjalani perbaikan selama 744 jam. Nilai rata-rata performance ratio adalah 106,7925 %, dimana standar JIPM > 95 %, sehingga hasil menunjukkan forklift memiliki kemampuan yang baik dalam pengangkutan produk. Nilai rata-rata quality ratio adalah 100 %, dimana standar JIPM > 99 %, menunjukkan kualitas pengangkutan barang baik. Nilai indeks Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) adalah 9,99483 %, dimana standar JIPM > 85 %, menunjukkan produksi memiliki nilai yang rendah.

Disturbances in the eyes of the elderly will cause disturbance which have an impact on discomfort and other disturbances in carrying out daily activities. The figure of the elderly is part of family members and community members whose number is increasing in line with the increase in life expectancy. The number of elderly people in Indonesia is increasing rapidly every year, so that Indonesia is expected to experience an “elderly population boom” in the early 2 decades of the 21 century as a result of the baby boom several decades ago. BPS projects that ini 2045 Indonesia will have around 63,31 million elderly or nearly 20 percent of the population. According to UN projections, the percentage of elderly Indonesians will reach 25 percent in 2050 or around 74 million elderly. This community service activity is a form of application in the optics and wave physics course. The purpose of this screening is to find out the description of eye refraction abnormalities and lectures can apply it to the community. The location for the screening was held in the Sei Agul area of  Medan, North Sumatera. The subjects were the ederly and the poor around Medan Barat District who ere suspected of having refractive errors. Screening was carried out using the Snellen Optotype and corrected using a trial lens. The implementation of this community service activity took place smoothly and efficiently. The results of the exmation of the elderly, which were almost large, were that the elderly were not found to have eye defects such as night blindness, cataracts or color blindness. This activity is expected to foster community motivation in carrying out their lives with the glasses provided by the lion clubs and remind them to carry out routine checks before experiencing cataracts.

Developments in the world of manufacturing industry are increasing, very tight industrial competition is encouraging industry to increase production effectiveness. PT. PAN Brothers is a manufacturing industry located in Boyolali, Central Java. PT. PAN Brothers produces clothing types such as jackets, coats, ski jackets, down jackets, tracksuits, travel pants and so on. During the production process, sewing machines have problems, namely machine damage. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of sewing machine performance using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and provide suggestions for improving the results of the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. The measurement uses the OEE method with three main components, namely availability rate, performance rate and quality rate to identify types of losses based on the six big losses. The average OEE value of 60% is still below world class standards with factors influencing the low OEE value. namely the performance rate, while the losses that affect the effectiveness value of the performance rate are Idling and minor stoppages losses with a value of 42%. By carrying out root cause analysis using a fishbone diagram, the root causes of low performance values ​​influenced by Idling and minor stoppage losses are known, namely machine factors, human factors, methods, materials and the environment. After identifying the problem and measuring the Risk Priority Number (RPN), suggestions for improvement were obtained including providing training to operators, to implement a preventive maintenance system, adding employees in the line balancing section and adding equipment to support machine repair facilities.      

Every company is obliged to carry out efficiency strategies in every business process in order to continue to exist in today's increasingly fierce competition. This research aims to determine the magnitude of the OEE value and the dominant factors from the six big losses analysis which is used as a proposal for improvements to the cutting machine at PT ABC. The method used is Availability Ratio, Performance Ratio and Rate of Product Quality as basic elements of Overall Equipment Effectiveness and Six Big Losses and analyzed using a fishbone diagram. Calculation results for the period September 2023 to February 2024 obtained an OEE value of 82.58% with the largest contributor to losses being the idling and minor stoppages and Reduce Speed ​​factors. To overcome this, it is necessary to increase skills in identifying and repairing machines, implementing clear standard operating procedures, operator skills in conveying information about machine damage, as well as standard material for parts used by machines.    

The industrial revolution today is not only oriented towards quality results and cutting-edge technology such as the industrial revolution 4.0. Today's industry is developing by implementing the concept of green building or green industry. Green industry is a concept and idea that an industry no longer only takes into account the advantages and benefits for its company, but also needs to pay attention to the level of efficient use of natural resources and energy sources and minimize the impact of the production process which is felt by the surrounding community and has a negative impact on the environment. , PT XYZ is one of the companies engaged in integrated plastic recycling in the world which processes plastic waste into quality and environmentally friendly products. In order to move towards a green building era that applies efficiency and effectiveness standards for a work system, PT XYZ will plan to determine the effectiveness value of a sustainable production line using the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) theory. To measure the effectiveness value of a sustainable production process in TPM, the OLE (Overall Line Effectiveness) measurement method can be used. OLE is a tool for measuring the effectiveness of the production process, a modification of the OEE tool which is specifically for determining the value of process effectiveness in sustainable production. From the TPM measurement results, a production line effectiveness value using the OLE method was obtained of 91.7% during September 2023.    

Industry is an economic activity that processes raw materials, raw materials, semi-finished goods, and/or finished goods into goods with higher value. Industrial revolution 4.0 is often also called the cyber physical system. PT XY to run its business has a system, namely Management System (MS). MS cannot be separated from information technology to support KPI achievement. One of the information technologies that needs to be applied to the production department is OEE Downtime Details as a Realtime production report. currently has a system that is not yet effective in OEE KPIs, especially in Downtime Details. The method that can be used to complete analysis related to this problem is the Pureshare Method which displays quantitative data to provide motivation and suitability for business and technology goals. The results obtained from this research are that creating a dashboard can increase the effectiveness of data input and the data can be standardized so that the data is more valid. Suggestions for further research require evaluation regarding the development of information that will be presented on the dashboard.