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Breastfeeding should ideally begin immediately after birth and be provided exclusively for the first six months of life. However, in 2022, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding among infants aged 0–6 months in Jayapura was only 21%, which remains far below the national target of 45%. Various factors contribute to this low coverage, including limited knowledge, lack of experience, insufficient support systems, and concerns among adolescent mothers that breastfeeding may interfere with their education or employment. This study aimed to explore the breastfeeding experiences of adolescent mothers in Wahno Village, Abepura Subdistrict. A qualitative research design was used, with structured interviews conducted using a questionnaire. The results indicated that the initiation of exclusive breastfeeding among adolescent mothers was generally positive. Participants reported mixed emotional experiences, including feelings of happiness, pride, stress, and discomfort. Family support, particularly from husbands, played an important role in sustaining breastfeeding practices. Most respondents also demonstrated adequate knowledge regarding how to manage breastfeeding-related challenges. Overall, adolescent mothers in Wahno Village showed a reasonable level of understanding and commitment toward exclusive breastfeeding. Continued education and support are recommended to further strengthen breastfeeding practices among adolescent mothers and their families.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that remains a major public health challenge in Indonesia, including in Ngombakan Village, Polokarto District, Sukoharjo Regency. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam.) are known as a superfood plant with nutritional content far exceeding conventional food ingredients, including protein, vitamin A, calcium, potassium, iron, and vitamin C, making them highly potential as a functional food for stunting prevention. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge of mothers at the Posyandu of Ngombakan Village about stunting and the benefits of moringa leaves, while also introducing the innovation of moringa leaf pudding as a nutritious supplementary food for toddlers. The activity was carried out from August 13 to September 6, 2024 through 6 meetings at the posyandu using lecture methods, leaflet distribution, and pudding-making demonstrations. The results showed a significant increase in mothers' knowledge about stunting and the nutritional content of moringa leaves, as well as positive enthusiasm from participants in accepting moringa leaf pudding as an affordable and nutritious supplementary food alternative for toddlers.

Partographs are an important instrument in labor monitoring that functions to detect complications early, monitor labor progress, and support appropriate clinical decision-making. However, incomplete filling of partographs is still a problem in various health service facilities and has the potential to affect the quality of midwifery services. This study aims to find out the completeness of filling in the partograph in childbirth monitoring at the Wajo Health Center UPTD Baubau City. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive design. The research population is all partograph documents for the period November 2025 to March 2026 as many as 40 documents. The sampling technique used total sampling and obtained 32 documents that met the research criteria. Data were collected using an observation checklist sheet and analyzed univariately through frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that as many as 28 documents (87.5%) had not been fully filled out and only 4 documents (12.5%) had been filled in completely. The components with the highest level of completeness were uterine contractions (100%), drugs and fluids (96.9%), and labor progress (93.8%). Meanwhile, the components of maternal information (12.5%) and maternal condition (31.3%) had the lowest level of completeness. Most of the filling of partographs at the Wajo Health Center UPTD still does not meet the completeness standards. It is necessary to strengthen supervision, training, and periodic monitoring to improve the quality of childbirth documentation and support the safety of mothers and babies

Background: Low immunization coverage and exclusive breastfeeding coverage are problems in various regions. This program is caused by a lack of maternal knowledge and family support. This problem increases the risk of infection, growth disorders, and impacts the health status of infants. Therefore, the IMASI MOVEMENT (Immunization and Exclusive Breastfeeding Movement) is needed to increase community knowledge and participation regarding infant and toddler health. Method: The methods used include interactive counseling, demonstrations of breastfeeding techniques according to the pink book (KIA), distribution of leaflets, and evaluation through pre-tests and post-tests. Evaluation was carried out on aspects of structure, process, results, and impact of the activity. Results: The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge scores by ?50–60% after education. Participant attendance reached ?85% of the target, and there was an increase in participation in integrated health post activities compared to the previous month. Discussion: The increase in knowledge scores in the post-test results compared to the pre-test indicates that the educational intervention is effective in increasing mothers' understanding of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and the importance of immunization. These findings indicate that community-based health education is an effective strategy to improve maternal health literacy and has the potential to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and complete basic immunization. Conclusion: This program has proven effective in increasing awareness and health behavior of mothers and toddlers as an effort to prevent stunting and infectious diseases.

- Background: The rate of cesarean section (CS) deliveries continues to increase in Indonesia. Bali Province ranks first nationally, with a cesarean delivery rate of 53.2%. Cesarean section results in surgical wounds that cause pain in postpartum mothers. One non-pharmacological intervention to reduce pain is early mobilization through video media. Objective: This study aimed to determine the differences in pain intensity among post-cesarean mothers before and after receiving early mobilization through video media. Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The study population consisted of post-cesarean mothers at Singasana Regional General Hospital. A total of 26 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of early mobilization delivered through a 3-minute and 23-second video, accompanied by healthcare personnel. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: Most respondents were aged 20–35 years, multiparous, had completed senior high school, and were employed. The median pain intensity decreased from 5.00 before the intervention to 3.00 after the intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in pain intensity before and after the intervention. Conclusion: Early mobilization through video media was effective in reducing pain intensity among post-cesarean mothers. Video media can be utilized as an educational tool to support the implementation of early mobilization in healthcare settings..

Background: Stunting remains one of the public health problems that requires early prevention through health education and growth monitoring in children under five years old. Lack of parental knowledge regarding balanced nutrition, child feeding practices, hygiene, and routine physical examination can increase the risk of growth disorders in toddlers. Purpose: Physical examination in toddlers is important to identify early signs of growth and developmental problems, including body weight, height or length, nutritional status, and general physical condition. Method: This community service activity was conducted face-to-face using health education, discussion, and direct physical examination methods. The stages of activity included preparation, delivery of educational materials about stunting, physical examination of toddlers, recording the results, and providing simple counseling to parents. Results: The activity showed that mothers were enthusiastic in participating in counseling and toddler physical examination. Before the education was given, several mothers still had limited understanding about the causes, impacts, and prevention of stunting. After the activity, mothers began to understand the importance of balanced nutrition, routine weighing, height measurement, immunization, hygiene, and regular visits to posyandu or health facilities. Conclusion: Education about stunting and physical examination of toddlers can increase parental awareness regarding early prevention of growth disorders. This activity is useful in encouraging families to monitor toddler growth regularly and implement healthy childcare practices.

Background: Breastfeeding is a valuable experience for both mother and infant, enhancing cognitive development, immunity, and emotional bonding. However, exclusive breastfeeding coverage remains suboptimal, partly due to inadequate breastfeeding technique skills among mothers. Objective: This study aims to analyze the differences in breastfeeding technique skills among pregnant women before and after a video-based educational intervention at the Gema Santi Nusa Penida Regional General Hospital, Klungkung Regency. Methods: This study utilized a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The population consisted of 160 pregnant women visiting the Gema Santi Nusa Penida Regional General Hospital from March to April 2025. A sample of 32 pregnant women was determined using a comparative analysis sample size formula and selected via purposive sampling. Primary data were collected through observation using a validated and reliable breastfeeding technique skill checklist (calculated $r = 0.411 - 0.758 > 0.349$; Cronbach's alpha $= 0.757 > 0.6$). Results: The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated that the data were normally distributed, with values of 0.325 (pre-test) and 0.127 (post-test) $> 0.05$. The mean score for breastfeeding technique skills was 42.28 before the intervention and increased to 70.46 afterwards. The paired t-test demonstrated a significant difference in breastfeeding technique skills before and after the educational intervention ($p = 0.000 < 0.05$). Conclusion: Video media is highly effective in improving breastfeeding technique skills. Future initiatives should focus on developing more comprehensive video content to further enhance educational efficacy.

Background: Cesarean section (CS) is a mode of delivery frequently used in women with high-risk pregnancies. Over the past two decades, the rate of CS has increased significantly worldwide. Although CS can be a life-saving intervention when performed based on appropriate medical indications, it may also result in adverse outcomes for both mothers and infants and increase the clinical and economic burden on healthcare systems. Limiting CS rates can be achieved through the control of modifiable risk factors. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the factors contributing to the occurrence of cesarean section. Method: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted at Singasana Regional General Hospital, Tabanan Regency, from February to May 2025. The study sample consisted of 259 women who underwent cesarean delivery during the period 2020–2024. Data were collected through a review of medical records using a checklist instrument. Univariate analysis was performed to describe maternal characteristics and indications for cesarean section. Result: Most cesarean deliveries occurred in women aged 20–35 years (77.99%) and in multiparous women (48.65%). The most dominant maternal factor was a previous cesarean section (37.6%), while the most common fetal factor was fetal distress (42.7%). Conclusion: Maternal age of 20–35 years, multiparity, a history of previous cesarean section, and fetal distress were the dominant factors associated with cesarean delivery. These findings highlight the importance of early antenatal risk screening and optimal labor management to reduce unnecessary cesarean sections and improve maternal and neonatal safety.

Dental caries is one of the most common oral health problems among young children. Preschool-aged children are highly dependent on their parents, especially mothers, for dental health care. A mother's level of knowledge is expected to influence the incidence of caries in children. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of dental caries among children at Qalby Play School, Bogor Regency. Method: This research employed a cross-sectional design with an analytic survey approach. The population consisted of all mothers and their children at Qalby Play School, totaling 30 participants, selected using total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires to assess maternal knowledge and odontogram sheets to measure caries incidence. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test. Result: The results showed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of dental caries in children, with a p-value 0,047 < 0,05. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of dental caries in children. Therefore, it is important for parents, especially mothers, to pay close attention to their children's oral health by ensuring proper and regular tooth brushing and scheduling dental check- ups every six months.

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and may result in various complications during pregnancy and childbirth. In Tegal Regency, preeclampsia contributed to 27% of maternal deaths in 2024; therefore, studies on childbirth characteristics among mothers with this condition are needed. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of childbirth events in mothers with preeclampsia at Dr. Soeselo Slawi Regional Hospital, Tegal Regency. A descriptive design with a retrospective approach was used by reviewing the medical records of 202 mothers who delivered with preeclampsia during 2025. Data were analyzed univariately and presented as frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that most mothers underwent operative delivery (62.38%), while spontaneous and induced labor accounted for 37.13% and 0.50%, respectively. Most deliveries occurred at preterm gestational age (62.38%), followed by term (36.14%) and postterm (1.49%) deliveries. Maternal and obstetric complications included bleeding (6.93%), fetal distress (4.95%), eclampsia (1.49%), and HELLP syndrome (0.99%). Most neonates had normal birth weight (82.18%) and did not require NICU care (95.05%), although low birth weight (17.82%) and NICU admission (4.95%) were still identified. The maternal clinical condition was dominated by blood pressure of 140–159/90–109 mmHg (75.74%). Proteinuria was found in 46.53% of respondents, with moderate proteinuria (+2) as the predominant category (38.30%). In conclusion, childbirth among mothers with preeclampsia was dominated by operative and preterm deliveries. These findings emphasize the importance of early detection and optimal management of preeclampsia to reduce maternal and neonatal complications and improve the quality of maternal-infant health services overall.

Postpartum depression is a postpartum mental health disorder that significantly impacts maternal well-being, infant development, and family functioning. The high prevalence of postpartum depression in Indonesia is due to limited access to health services, low mental health literacy, and social stigma in the community. This indicates a significant gap between the need for maternal mental health services and the availability of existing interventions, making education a crucial component in efforts to prevent postpartum depression early. This study aims to analyze the prevention of postpartum depression in postpartum mothers through telenursing-based education and screening using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in the community. A descriptive case study design was used, involving one respondent, a 25-year-old primigravida mother residing in the Bantul area. The intervention was implemented online via WhatsApp and video calls, including structured health education on postpartum psychological changes, adaptive coping strategies, and the importance of social support. The intervention also included daily remote monitoring of the respondent's condition via the WhatsApp mobile application. The EPDS was administered as a pre-test and post-test to evaluate changes in the respondent's psychological condition. The findings showed a significant decrease in the EPDS score from 16 (moderate depression) to 6 (minimal depression), indicating significant psychological improvement. These results imply that integrating EPDS screening, structured health education, and daily monitoring is an effective and accessible community-based approach to preventing postpartum depression, particularly for mothers with limited mobility and access to health services.

The physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, both physically and mentally, may be rather uncomfortable, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Pregnant women often report back discomfort, muscular aches, trouble sleeping, excessive exhaustion, and irregular sleep patterns. Mothers' physical and mental health as well as the health of their unborn children may be significantly impacted by inadequate sleep quality during pregnancy. To enhance comfort and the quality of sleep during pregnancy, one non-pharmacological technique is to use an aromatherapy maternity pillow. An ergonomic and ecologically sustainable invention to enhance mother comfort during pregnancy was the goal of this research, which intended to produce a Pregnancy Pillow Therapy product with pineapple leaf fiber and aromatherapy. A descriptive research design using a prototype creation technique was used in this study. The stages of the research included problem identification, literature review, product design, material selection, prototype manufacturing, and product evaluation. Data were collected through literature studies and observations related to sleep discomfort in pregnancy, maternity pillow utilization, aromatherapy therapy, and pineapple leaf fiber characteristics. The developed product was designed ergonomically to support the back, abdomen, waist, and legs of pregnant women. The addition of aromatherapy was intended to provide a relaxing effect and improve sleep quality. The use of pineapple leaf fiber also supports environmentally friendly product innovation through agricultural waste utilization. The results indicate that Pregnancy Pillow Therapy has the potential to become a supportive product for improving comfort and sleep quality among pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to evaluate product effectiveness directly among pregnant women.

 Background: Perineal pain due to episiotomy is a common complaint experienced by postpartum mothers and can affect patient comfort, mobility, and recovery. Nonpharmacological pain management is needed to help reduce discomfort with minimal risk of side effects. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of applying cold compresses using ice packs in reducing perineal pain intensity in postpartum mothers with episiotomy. Methods: The study used a descriptive case study design in three vaginal postpartum patients with episiotomy who were treated in the postpartum ward. The intervention involved applying cold compresses using ice packs to the perineal area for 10–15 minutes, as per nursing procedures. Pain was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. Findings: The results showed a decrease in pain intensity in all patients after the application of cold compresses. Patient P1 experienced a decrease in pain score from 5 to 4, patient P2 from 6 to 5, and patient P3 from 5 to 4, with an average decrease of 1 point. Implications: Cold compresses using ice packs have the potential to be an effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention to help reduce perineal pain and improve the comfort of postpartum mothers with episiotomies during the care period.

This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve the performance of Posyandu cadres in stunting prevention efforts in Kepudibener Village, Turi District, Lamongan Regency. The main problems faced by the community include low health literacy, suboptimal utilization of Posyandu, and limited capacity of cadres in providing health education. The implementation method uses a participatory and educational approach through the stages of observation, cadre training, health education, mentoring, and program evaluation. The results of the activity show an increase in the knowledge and skills of Posyandu cadres in monitoring child growth and development and nutrition education, increased community participation in Posyandu activities, and an increase in understanding of mothers of toddlers regarding stunting prevention. This program is also able to strengthen the role of cadres as agents of change in raising community awareness of the importance of family health. Thus, improving the performance of Posyandu cadres has proven effective in supporting community-based stunting prevention efforts. Sustainability of the program through ongoing training and mentoring is essential to maintain the positive impacts that have been achieved.

Background: Stunting threatens the future of the nation’s next generation, until 2022 the National stunting incidence rate (21,6%) is still high including in Lampung Province (15,2%) and Pesawaran Regency ranks first for children who experience stunting where the incidence of stunting increased from the previous year to 25,4%. Based on the data of Public Health Office of Pesawaran Regency the highest incidence of stunting is Public Health Center of Kedondong with a total of 124 children out of a total of 584 stunted children. Research method: analytic survey research with a cross sectional approach. The population of the research is all mothers and children aged 12-23 months, while the number of samples from 12 villages obtained as many as 110 respondents. Sampling technique using is proportional simple random sampling and the data obtained in the analysis using is logistic regression. Research results: maternal height (OR= 9.836, pV=0.001) and IMD (OR=4.326, pV= 0.011) were the most dominant factor associated with the incidence of stunting in Kedondong District Pesawaran Regency in 2023. Special attention needs to be given to pregnant women who have a height <150cm to be able to prioritize nutritional intake in 1000 HPK, starts from the pregnant until the child is 2 years old, especially the high intake of protein and ensure when the child is born must get IMD to avoid risks of stunting and avoid passing on short stature to the next generation.

Stunting is a national health problem that has not been resolved to date. Training on the use of local coastal food is still rare and the use of yards through planting moringa is also still lacking in coastal areas. The purpose of this community service is to prevent stunting by training to toddler families about the benefits and innovations of local coastal food and planting moringa trees in the Soropia coastal area. The implementation method uses lectures and demonstrations of making fish and moringa chips. Community service has been carried out in Bajoe Village on 35 mothers with toddlers, using booklets and leaflets. The results of the implementation of the activity are knowledge and the media score obtained before health education is 8 and after 10, with a good knowledge achievement of 100%. The results of the training on making moringa chips, there was an increase in skills before was 10 and after training obtained a score of 12, the achievement of skills after being given training was 91.4%. The results of the Wilcoxon sign rank test obtained a p value of 0.000. The conclusion of community service is that there is an increase in the knowledge and skills of mothers who have toddlers in utilizing local coastal food and the availability of moringa trees in the yards of their homes and the Bajoe Village Hall, Soropia Subdistrict.

The problem of malnutrition in pregnant women is a health issue that risks causing serious complications, both for the mother and the fetus, such as anemia, premature birth, and low birth weight. Anemia in pregnancy has a negative impact on fetal development, including the risk of miscarriage, premature babies, and suboptimal growth. Globally, anemia is considered a major public health problem in more than 80% of countries, with prevalence in pregnancy reaching more than 20%. This service activity aims to increase pregnant women's knowledge about the importance of nutrition in preventing anemia and other complications during pregnancy. The method used is in the form of health education with a promotive-preventive approach, through interactive counseling and group discussions. The material provided includes the nutritional needs of pregnant women, signs and symptoms of anemia, as well as prevention strategies through the consumption of balanced nutritious foods and adherence to iron supplementation. The results of the activity showed an increase in pregnant women's understanding of the risk of anemia and the importance of maintaining nutritional status during pregnancy. Thus, this activity is expected to support the achievement of a healthy pregnancy, reduce the risk of complications, and ensure the welfare of mothers and babies.

World Health Organization (WHO) reports that immunization is able to prevent approximately 3–5 million deaths each year; however, a number of children still do not receive optimal immunization coverage due to insufficient parental knowledge. This study aimed to analyze the effect of health education on improving mothers’ knowledge regarding early childhood immunization in RW 04, Kertamaya Subdistrict, Bogor City, in 2026. This study employed a pre- experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach involving 30 respondents. Knowledge levels were measured using a questionnaire before and after the health education intervention and analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test. The results indicated a statistically significant difference in mothers’knowledge levels before and after the health education intervention (p = 0.029). In addition, the proportion of respondents with good knowledge increased from 76.7% in the pre-test to 93.3% in the post-test. These findings demonstrate that health education has a significant effect on improving mothers’ knowledge and can serve as an effective promotive intervention to support the success of community-level immunization programs.

Exclusive breastfeeding is a crucial step in improving infant health, yet it remains under-practiced in Indonesia. This is primarily due to a lack of knowledge and positive attitudes among mothers. Health education using leaflets has become a popular strategy in community-based nursing due to its simplicity and ease of understanding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of leaflets in improving maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding exclusive breastfeeding. A systematic literature search was conducted using the PRISMA methodology. Data were collected from scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 that met the inclusion criteria for intervention studies using information leaflets with pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women. Twenty original articles meeting these criteria were analyzed. The results showed that most studies found a significant increase in maternal knowledge after distribution of information leaflets (p < 0.005). Furthermore, improvements in attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding were observed, although practices varied. Many studies have shown that audiovisual materials are more effective than leaflets, although leaflets are easier to use and distribute. Factors such as social support and infrastructure influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This study concluded that leaflets were effective in improving mothers' knowledge and attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding and remained valuable inhome care, especially when combined with other educational methods

Exclusive breastfeeding is a crucial step in improving infant health, yet it remains under-practiced in Indonesia. This is primarily due to a lack of knowledge and positive attitudes among mothers. Health education using leaflets has become a popular strategy in community-based nursing due to its simplicity and ease of understanding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of leaflets in improving maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding exclusive breastfeeding. A systematic literature search was conducted using the PRISMA methodology. Data were collected from scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 that met the inclusion criteria for intervention studies using information leaflets with pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women. Twenty original articles meeting these criteria were analyzed. The results showed that most studies found a significant increase in maternal knowledge after distribution of information leaflets (p < 0.005). Furthermore, improvements in attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding were observed, although practices varied. Many studies have shown that audiovisual materials are more effective than leaflets, although leaflets are easier to use and distribute. Factors such as social support and infrastructure influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This study concluded that leaflets were effective in improving mothers' knowledge and attitudes toward exclusive breastfeeding and remained valuable inhome care, especially when combined with other educational methods