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The background of this study was the fluctuation in net profit and the changes in current assets and current liabilities, which indicated an imbalance in the management of working capital at PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk during the 2020–2024 period). This study aimed to analyze the company's working capital and profitability, which were measured using the Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) ratios. This study employed a descriptive research design with a quantitative approach.. The data consisted of the company's financial statements for the 2020–2024 period, which were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the company's official website.. The results showed that the company's working capital remained positive but tended to decline, indicating a less favorable condition . The company's profitability was generally categorized as good, although the Gross Profit Margin was still considered less satisfactory.

This study aims to examine the effect of working capital efficiency and leverage on profitability and its implications for firm value in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2025 period. The post-COVID-19 pandemic condition has increased operational risks for manufacturing companies due to fluctuations in interest rates, exchange rates, cash management, inventories, and receivables. Therefore, companies are required to implement more effective financial strategies to maintain competitiveness. Profitability is positioned as an intervening variable because previous studies showed inconsistent results regarding the relationship between working capital efficiency, leverage, profitability, and firm value. This research uses a quantitative approach with path analysis to examine direct and indirect relationships among variables. The population consists of all manufacturing companies listed on the IDX, while the sample includes 45 companies selected from 270 firms using purposive sampling based on specific criteria, such as consistent listing and financial performance. The results indicate that working capital efficiency has a significant positive effect on profitability, leverage has a significant negative effect on profitability, profitability significantly increases firm value, and profitability fully mediates the effect of working capital efficiency and leverage on firm value. These findings provide theoretical and practical implications for managers and investors in financial decision-making.

Amid intense market competition, the profitability of manufacturing companies is not solely determined by sales volume but is highly dependent on the precision of financial management, particularly in managing the working capital cycle and operating cash flow circulation. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between Working Capital Turnover (X1) and Operating Cash Flow (X2) on Profitability (Y) in consumer goods industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022–2024 period. Using a quantitative approach and multiple linear regression analysis, this study processes 77 observations that have passed purposive sampling and outlier testing. The partial test results reveal contrasting findings: Working Capital Turnover (X1) does not have a significant effect on profitability, while Operating Cash Flow (X2) is proven to be a strong positive determinant. However, simultaneously, both variables have a significant influence on the financial performance of companies (Fhitung 24,008 > Ftabel 3,08), with operating cash flow acting as the dominant driving factor of profit. The implications of these findings emphasize that to maintain profit stability, management should prioritize the availability of cash generated from core operations, while investors should be more attentive to cash flow trends as an indicator of fundamental financial health before making investment decisions.

The issue addressed in this research is the fluctuating working capital at PT: HM Sampoerna, a cigarette company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2019 and 2023. The study aimed to examine the influence of working capital on profitability. The population of this research comprised cigarette companies, specifically PT.HM Sampoerna that listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in a single company being analyzed. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically simple linear regression. Hypothesis testing was conducted using a t-test. The descriptive analysis revealed that: (1) The average (mean) working capital amounted to IDR. 21,251,620,600. (2) The net profit margin had an average value of IDR 18.8, indicating that the company generated IDR for every IDR. 1 in sales. IDR 18.8 in gross profit. The t-test results showed that working capital (X) positively and significantly influenced the net profit margin (Y). The determination analysis (R³) indicated that working capital explained 96.9% of the variation in the profitability of PT. HM Sampoerna, as listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Profitability is one of the most important indicators for assessing a company's financial performance, as reflects the extent to which management efficiently manages resources to generate profits for the company. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of working capital turnover, cash turnover, accounts receivable turnover, and inventory turnover on the profitability of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique with a non-probabilistic sampling approach based on specific criteria. As a result, 36 companies qualified for this study. Data were processed using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that working capital turnover has a positive effect on profitability, while cash turnover has no significant effect. Meanwhile, receivable turnover has a positive effect on profitability, and inventory turnover has a negative effect on profitability. These results indicate that effective current asset management in company can increase profits, while the low contribution of cash turnover indicates that liquidity don”t always correlate with profitability, the negative impact of inventory turnover indicates the potential for decreased profits if inventory management is suboptimal.. This study confirms that working capital management has diverse impact on profitability. Working capital and accounts receivable turnover are driving factors for improved financial performance, while cash turnover does not directly impact profits, inventory turnover can negatively impact profitability if not managed effectively.

This research aims to determine the effect of cash turnover, receivable turnover, inventory turnover, and capital structure on profitability. The population in this study is 13 Pharmaceutical Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2023 period. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling method, and there were 11 companies that met specified criteria. This study uses multiple linear regression method using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 program. The results of this study indicate that Capital Structure have a negative effect on Profitability, and Cash Turnover, Receivable Turnover, and Inventory Turnover have no effect on Profitability.

This study discusses capital structure, company growth, working capital and net sales on profitability listed on the IDX. In the context of increasingly fierce business competition, companies are required to increase revenue and manage resources well to achieve an optimal level of profitability. The purpose of this study is to find and analyze theories that mention the effect of capital structure, company growth, working capital and net sales on profitability. This research uses the literature review method. In this study, researchers present the reasons for other explanatory variables, as well as findings from previous literature. The theories behind this research are agency theory, exchange theory and signal theory. The mapping of other explanatory variables that suggest profitability consists of capital structure, Company growth, working capital and net sales. The results suggest that there are different relationships between capital structure, corporate growth, working capital and net sales on profitability and thus no consensus has been reached. This study provides a detailed illustration based on reality and can help future research using capital structure, firm growth, working capital and net sales on profitability.

This thesis aims to determine and analyze the simultaneous influence of cash turnover, accounts receivable turnover, and inventory turnover on the profitability of automotive sub-sector companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index for the period 2019-2023. As well as to determine and analyze the partial influence of cash turnover, accounts receivable turnover, and inventory turnover on the profitability of automotive sub-sector companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index for the period 2019-2023. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data, using panel data regression analysis tools. The results of the conclusions are as follows: 1) The estimation results show that simultaneously the cash turnover, receivables turnover, and inventory turnover variables together have a positive and significant effect on the profitability of automotive sub-sector companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index for the 2019-2023 period. 2) The estimation results show that partially the cash turnover variable has a positive and significant effect on the profitability of automotive sub-sector companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index for the 2019-2023 period. The receivables turnover variable has a positive and significant effect on the profitability of automotive sub-sector companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index for the 2019-2023 period, and the cash turnover variable has a positive and significant effect on the profitability of automotive sub-sector companies and their components listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index for the 2019-2023 period.

This study aims to determine the effect of efficiency, sales growth, capital working, and firm age on firm profitability in Companies publish syariah stock that listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index 70 (JII70) for the 2019 – 2023 period of 70 companies. The data used in this study were obtained from financial statement data and annual reports. The population in this study are companies that publish syariah stock that listed on  the Jakarta Islamic Index 70 (JII70). The sampling technique used was purposive sampling method and obtained 185 sample data from 37 companies. The analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The results of this study indicate that efficiency and sales growth have a positive effect on firm profitabillity, capital working have a negative effect on firm profitability, and firm age has no effect on firm profitability.

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, working capital and company age on firm value in property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019 - 2022. The data used in this study was obtained from financial report data and annual reports obtained from the IDX and Yahoo Finance websites. The population in this study are property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research sample used 54 companies in the property and real estate sector. The analysis technique used in this research is a multiple linear regression analysis test using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 program. Based on the results of this research, it shows that profitability has a positive and significant effect on company value, while working capital and company age do not influence on firm value.

Even though there has been a lot of research on the relationship between working capital and company performance on profitability in Indonesia, the majority of research findings still show the phenomenon of recognizing working capital as an important variable in managing company profitability. This research aims to review, analyze, summarize and present the results of empirical research in Indonesia to help future researchers in making decisions regarding working capital management and capital structure related to company profitability. This literature review examines research that focuses on company performance in terms of profitability, working capital management, and capital structure. The results show that there are varying relationships between working capital and capital structure on profitability so that no agreement can be reached. This study also provides a more in-depth picture to explain this phenomenon and assists research that uses working capital and capital structure in determining its impact on company profitability.

The cooperative must manage the amount of working capital in accordance with the requitments of its operations, taking into account the source and use of funds in the working capital. This study aims to determine and analyze the seources and uses of working capital relation with profitability at KSU Lorosae Makassar. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research that describes how the application of the management of the sources and uses of working capital KSU Lorosae Makassar. The focus of this study is to report the financial KSU Lorosae Makassar consisting of the balance sheet and the income statement during the period 2018-2020. Data analysis used is the analysis of the sources and uses of working capital and ratio analysis profitability. The results showed that the management of the sources and uses of working capital KSU Lorosae Makassar for 3 years has increased and is quite effective in generating profits.

Companies in the food and beverage sector that are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange have the same goal as any other company: to maximize earnings. Working capital management and accounts receivable turnover are critical factors that might affect a company's financial performance in this setting. Previous studies have shown that improved management of a company's working capital and receivables may lead to increased earnings. Listed businesses in the food and beverage subsector on the IDX will have their working capital and receivables turnover assessed for their impact on profitability from 2020 to 2022. A quantitative research technique grounded on descriptive methodology is used in this study. The food and beverage industry had a number of IPOs between 2020 and 2022 on the IDX. As supplementary resources, we rely on www.idx.co.id and the company's annual financial report. We used a multiple linear regression test to examine the data and determine the impact of working capital and receivables turnover on profitability at the same time. Data shows that between 2020 and 2022, receivables turnover and working capital together have a major impact on the profitability of IDX-listed food and beverage subsector firms. Improved management of working capital and receivables may lead to higher profitability, according to the research. Future studies should include a larger sample size and more factors to better advise organizational management on financial decision-making.

This research aims to analyze and determine how the effect of working capital turnover, receivable turnover, and total asset turnover on profitability (Return on Asset) in forestry and paper sub sector companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. This research is quantitative research using secondary data which is taken from the company’s annual financial reports. Purposive sampling is used in this research to take samples. The analytical techniques used are panel data regression analysis with the help of Eviews 9 software. Based on the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that partially the working capital turnover and total asset turnover have no effect on profitability, whereas receivable turnover has an effect on profitability. Simultaneously, working capital turnover, receivable turnover, and total asset turnover had an effect on profitability in forestry and paper sub sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022.

This research aims to analyze Working Capital Management and Leverage on Profitability Through Good Corporate Governance (Empirical Study of Consumer Cyclicals Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2020 – 2022 Period. The research population is all listed Consumer Cyclicals sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period 2020 - 2022 with a total of 139 companies, the sample that has been determined in this research is 31 companies using non-probability sampling techniques with the Purposive Sampling method. Data analysis in this research uses the SmartPLS program. Hypothesis testing using the SEM-PLS approach. The results of the analysis and discussion of Working Capital Management have an effect on Profitability, Leverage has no effect on Profitability, Good Corporate Governance has an effect on Profitability, indirectly  Working Capital Management has no effect on Profitability through Good Corporate Governance, and indirectly h Leverage has no effect on Profitability through Good Corporate Governance in Consumer Cyclicals Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2020 – 2022 Period.    

Analysis of Working Capital on Profitability Levels at PT. Gaya Makmur Tractors Makassar, Thesis for the Management Study Program at the Indonesian Educational Institute of Management Science College (STIM-LPI) Makassar. (supervised by Dra. Pra Gemini, M.Si and Fausiah, S.E., M.Si). This research aims to determine how working capital influences the level of profitability at PT. Gaya Makmur Tractors Makassar. The type of research used in this research is quantitative. The data processed is the financial report of PT. Gaya Makmur Tractors Makassar for 2019-2021 which consists of a profit and loss report and balance sheet. The research results of the current ratio are stated to be good because they continue to increase every year 2019-2021 and exceed the internal average standard in 2020 and 2021. On the activity ratio with measurements using the NWC Turnover ratio can be said to be quite good because it exceeds the internal average, although it experienced a decline in 2020 of 368% but rose again to 430% in 2021. The profitability ratio with Return On Investment is said to be not good because it is below the internal average . Return on Equity is said to be not good, although it has increased in 2019 and 2021, this ratio is still below the internal average. Gross Profit Margin is also still said to be not good or not optimal because it experienced ups and downs from 2019-2021, namely 173%, 181%, 175%, although in 2020 it experienced an increase and was above the internal average of 176.3% but in 2021 experienced another decline and was below the internal average. Net Profit Margin is also said to be not good because it is still below the internal average.  

PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk bergerak dalam bidang manufaktur, pemasaran dan distribusi barang konsumsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perputaran modal kerja dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas pada PT. Unilever Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, dan variabel digunakan adalah perputaran modal kerja dan profitabilitas dengan sumber data penelitan yaitu berupa data sekunder. Penulis menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data, yaitu studi dokumentasi. yaitu mengumpulkan data dengan cara pengumpulan informasi yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan tahun 2018-2022 pada PT. Unilever Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa  perputaran modal kerja PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk dari tahun 2018-2022 mengalami fluktuasi. Kenaikan ini disebabkan oleh naiknya jumlah penjualan/pendapatan perusahaan yang diikuti dengan menurunnya jumlah modal kerja (total aktiva lancar) perusahaan. Profitabilitas khususnya gross profit margin, return on equity mengalami fluktuasi dan net profit margin, return on asset mengalami penurunan. Dari hasil rata-rata rasio yang di peroleh (GPM), (ROA), dan (ROE) PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk dari tahun 2018-2022 berada di atas rata-rata industri, untuk rasio (NPM) yang diperoleh masih berada di bawah rata-rata standar industri namun mendekati hasil rata-rata standar industri. Dari hasil ini menunjukan bahwa  perusahaan sudah efektif dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas.

The aim of this research is to determine whether there is an influence of working capital and capital structure on company value with profitability as an intervening variable in metal subsector companies and similar companies listed on the IDX for the 2018-2022 period. The sample selection in this study used purposive sampling with a sample of 7 companies with a period of 5 years. The results of this study show that (1) Working capital has a significant effect on profitability, (2) Working capital does not have a significant effect on company value (3) Capital structure has a significant effect on profitability, (4) capital structure has no significant effect on company value and (5) profitability has a significant effect on company value.

Reports on sources and uses of working capital can function as a basis for planning, management and supervision of working capital in the future. This research aims to determine the source and use of PT's working capital. Fast Food Indonesia Tbk and to find out the level of company profitability. This research method is a quantitative descriptive method. The data source used is secondary data. From the research results, it is known that the company's largest source of working capital comes from undetermined retained earnings, while the company's largest use of working capital is other non-current assets. The management of sources and use of the company's working capital in the 2017-2018 period was quite good, as can be seen from the increase in the current ratio and quick ratio. However, in 2019-2021 both experienced a decline. Meanwhile, the company's working capital turnover ratio is said to be effective because from 2017 to 2020 it continued to increase, but in 2021 there was a decline. Meanwhile, the company's profitability for the 2017-2021 period experienced fluctuating values. Gross Profit Margin 62.55%, 62.15%, 62.54%, 59.27%, 60.65%. Net Profit Margin 3.15%, 3.35%, 3.60%, -7.79%, -6.11%. Return On Assets 5.99%, 9.34%, 9.09%, -12.36%, -10.81%. Return On Equity 12.91%, 13.76%, 14.55%, -30.26%, -32.17%.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of net working capital, solvency and company size on profitability. There are independent variables including net working capital using Net Working Capital, solvency using Debt to Equity Ratio, company size using natural logarithm of total assets and the dependent variable profitability using Net Profit Margin. The sample in this research uses the food and beverage sub-sector which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period, publishes annual financial reports for 2019-2021, as well as entities with complete financial report data related to research variables, entities earn profits throughout 2019- 2021, entities that publish their financial reports in rupiah currency in 2019-2021 using the non-purposive sampling method. In this research, there were 20 entities that supported the research sample criteria, so that 60 financial report data were obtained. This research method uses classical assumption tests such as normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation used in this research. Furthermore, the hypothesis is tested with the F test, t test and the coefficient of determination. The research test uses multiple regression analysis with multiple regression equation models. Based on the test findings, it is known that working capital has no impact on profitability, solvency has a negative impact on profitability and company size has a positive impact on profitability in food and beverage sub-sector entities listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2021.