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This research is motivated by the problem of the open unemployment rate in Maluku Province which is still fluctuating, where the influence of human capital indicators such as the Average Years of Schooling and the Gross Enrollment Rate of Senior High Schools as well as economic policies such as the Provincial Minimum Wage often show results inconsistent with theory, thus requiring further empirical studies to determine their influence in the region. The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the partial and simultaneous effects of the average years of schooling, the gross enrollment rate of senior high schools, and the provincial minimum wage on the open unemployment rate in Maluku Province. The method used is quantitative with secondary data in the form of time series from 2015 to 2024 sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Maluku Province, and analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques. The results show that the average years of schooling have a negative and significant effect, while the gross enrollment rate of senior high schools and the provincial minimum wage each have a positive insignificant and negative insignificant effect on the open unemployment rate. Simultaneously, the three variables also have no significant effect. The implications of these findings confirm that increasing the average length of schooling is a key factor in reducing unemployment, but policies related to minimum wages and high school participation need to be reviewed and combined with other policies to be more effective in addressing unemployment in Maluku Province.  

Unemployment is a socio-economic problem that can threaten the stability of the Indonesian economy. This study analyzes the effect of minimum wages, exports, foreign investment, and the human development index (HDI) on the unemployment raefrom 1990 to 2023. Using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) multiple linear regression estimation method, to correct bias in the estimation, the Newey-West HAC standard errors approach is used. Minimum wages and foreign investment have a significant negative effect on the open unemployment rate, confirming that wage increases can boost productivity, foreign investment creates direct jobs through the construction of production facilities and economic multiplier effects in supporting sectors. The most surprising finding of the HDI which has a positive effect and exports which are proven to be insignificant on the unemployment rate, this shows that human capital formation is not in line with existing job opportunities due to rapid technological changes, as well as export-increasing policies which focus more on capital intensity. The study provides important implications for policymakers, maintaining and optimizing minimum wage increases and foreign investment in a measurable manner because they have proven effective in reducing unemployment rates. Reorienting export strategies policy from capital-intensive to labor-intensive, increasing the human development index adjusted to technological developments, especially in the business and industrial world.

This study aims to analyze the factors affecting real wages of construction workers across provinces in Indonesia from 2010 to 2023 using panel data analysis. The independent variables include Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), and Performance Pay (Balas Jasa). A panel dataset of 476 observations from 34 provinces over 14 years was analyzed using three model approaches: Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), and Random Effect Model (REM). The best model was determined through Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lagrange Multiplier Test, which confirmed that the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) is the most appropriate for analyzing this research data. FEM estimation results show that simultneously, all independent variables (UMP, CPI, TPT, and Performance Pay) have a significant effect on real wages with an F-statistic value of 436,465.9 (p-value = 0.0000 < 0.05), indicating that the model as a whole is highly valid and capable of explaining the variation in real wages collectively. However, partial tests reveal that only the Real Wage variable has a positive and statistically significant effect on Performance Pay (coefficient = 106.3320; t-statistic = 1276.083; p-value = 0.0000), while UMP (p-value = 0.1472), CPI (p-value = 0.6460), and TPT (p-value = 0.6934) show no significant effects at the 5% significance level. The research model demonstrates very high predictive ability with an R-squared value of 0.999735 (99.97%), indicating that the variables studied can explain nearly all variation in real wages of construction workers at the provincial level. This research provides policy implications that improving real wages in the construction sector requires an integrated approach that focuses not only on minimum wage setting but also on regional inflation control, human capital quality improvement, and creating conducive labor market conditions through unemployment reduction

Leadership character development is a fundamental foundation in preparing Indonesian Naval Academy Marine Cadets as prospective Platoon Commanders (Platoon Leaders) in operational units. The complexity of the operational environment, the dynamics of the strategic setting, and the demands of military professionalism require a platoon commander to excel not only in technical and tactical competencies, but also to possess strong, integrity-based, and adaptive leadership character. This article aims to comprehensively analyze leadership character development materials for prospective Marine Platoon Commanders at the Indonesian Naval Academy (AAL) using the Character Cultivation approach and the Military Leadership and Character Development theory proposed by Dr. Charles C. Wong. This study employs a qualitative research method with data collected through expert interviews, document analysis, and SWOT analysis. The findings indicate that the most appropriate strategy for leadership character development is the Strength–Opportunities (SO) strategy, which emphasizes leveraging internal strengths of military education to capitalize on external opportunities, particularly global trends in character-based leadership and the utilization of educational technology. This article, structured equivalently to a minimum of 30 A4 pages, is expected to serve as an academic reference and a policy input for strengthening leadership education for Marine Cadets.

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) honorary teachers in West Sumatra face serious welfare challenges, with incomes far below the Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP). This condition affects work motivation, limits access to professional development, and reduces the quality of early childhood education services. This study aims to analyze the current welfare conditions of PAUD honorary teachers, identify the factors contributing to low welfare, and offer strategic solutions involving the government, PAUD institutions, the community, and the teachers themselves. This research employed a literature review method by examining scientific journals, educational department reports, statistical data, government regulations, and supporting theories such as Human Capital and Work Motivation. The findings indicate that low welfare is caused by limited regional government budgets, reliance on parental fees, weak legal status of PAUD teachers, limited certification opportunities, and insufficient CSR and community support. Recommended solutions include increasing government funding, expanding ASN/PPPK recruitment opportunities, strengthening institutional management, collaborating with private sectors, and enhancing teacher competence through continuous training. In conclusion, improving the welfare of PAUD teachers is an urgent step to strengthen the quality of early childhood education services and support the achievement of national education goals from an early age.

This study investigates the influence of economic growth, investment, and minimum wage on the open unemployment rate across districts and cities in East Kalimantan Province. The research employs a quantitative descriptive approach with panel data regression analysis, processed using EViews 13 software. Model selection was carried out through the Chow and Hausman tests, which identified the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) as the most appropriate estimation technique. The study utilizes secondary data from 2018 to 2024, obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office of East Kalimantan Province. The empirical findings demonstrate that economic growth exerts a negative and statistically significant impact on the open unemployment rate, indicating that higher economic growth effectively contributes to reducing unemployment in the region. Foreign Investment (PMA) is found to have a negative but insignificant effect, suggesting that inflows of foreign capital alone do not directly translate into job creation unless accompanied by supporting policies and local labor absorption capacity. In contrast, Domestic Investment (PMDN) shows a positive yet statistically insignificant relationship with unemployment, reflecting the possibility that domestic investments may not always generate sufficient employment opportunities in the short term due to structural constraints or sectoral imbalances. Furthermore, the minimum wage variable has a negative and significant effect on the open unemployment rate, implying that increases in the regional minimum wage can stimulate greater employment absorption and improve labor market conditions. Overall, the results highlight the importance of fostering sustained economic growth and designing investment policies that are more labor-intensive to optimize employment creation. Additionally, the findings emphasize the strategic role of minimum wage policy in supporting job opportunities while safeguarding workers’ welfare.

This study aims to evaluate the financial condition of four private banks, namely Bank Mega, Bank JTrust, Bank Danamon, and Bank Panin listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2015 to 2024. The analysis uses the Risk-Based Bank Rating (RBBR) approach with a quantitative method, where the data source is derived from published annual financial statements. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling with the criteria of financial statements available for the last 10 years and the fluctuations in profits in the last three years. The bank's health assessment is carried out through four main aspects. First, the risk profile is measured using non-performing loan (NPL) ratios and liquidity levels through the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). Second, Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is evaluated based on regulatory compliance and transparency reporting. Third, profitability which includes the return on asset ratio (ROA) and net interest margin (Net Interest Margin / NIM). Fourth, the capital aspect is analyzed through the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). The results of the study show that in general, the four banks are in a healthy condition, especially in terms of capital and governance, which reflects the bank's ability to meet the minimum capital requirements and maintain management practices in accordance with banking industry standards. However, significant differences were found in the risk and profitability aspects. Banks that have less than optimal risk management tend to experience an increase in NPLs, while banks that are more efficient in managing operational costs are able to maintain ROA and NIM at a more stable level. In addition, external factors such as global economic conditions, monetary policy, interest rates, and interbank competition also affect financial performance.

The implementation of the Job Creation Law has brought significant changes to the regulation of foreign investment in Indonesia, particularly through the establishment of a minimum capital requirement for a Foreign Investment Limited Liability Company (PT PMA) of IDR 10 billion. This study aims to examine the formal minimum capital requirements for PT PMA in notarial deeds under the Job Creation Law using normative juridical methods with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches, and referring to the theory of legal certainty, responsibility, and legal protection. The analysis includes the evolution of PT minimum capital regulations, capital classification within the company's legal structure, the phenomenon of fictitious PT PMAs such as the PT BKG case, and the status and limitations of notary responsibilities. The results of the study indicate that although the minimum capital requirement for PT PMAs has been explicitly stipulated in Government Regulation No. 5 of 2021 and Regulation of the Head of the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) No. 4 of 2021, there are legal loopholes in the form of unclear capital deposit periods, weak verification and oversight mechanisms, and the prevalence of nominee practices and fictitious PT PMAs that reduce the effectiveness of the policy. The notary's position as a public official plays a strategic role in drafting deeds of establishment, verifying documents, and providing legal counseling, but has limited authority in verifying material truth. The study concluded that regulatory improvements are needed through establishing clear capital deposit periods, strengthening verification and oversight mechanisms, and harmonizing regulations between institutions to ensure the effective implementation of minimum capital requirements for foreign-owned companies (PT PMA) in accordance with the principle of economic sovereignty.

This study investigates the influence of Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW), Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Population Growth Rate (PGR) on Employment Opportunities (EO) across 20 most populous provinces in Indonesia from 2017 to 2024. Using a quantitative approach and panel data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the analysis applies the Fixed Effect Model selected through Chow and Hausman tests. The Outcomes indicate that PMW has a significant negative effect on EO, implying that wage increases without corresponding productivity growth can reduce job absorption. Conversely, LFPR has a significant positive effect, reflecting that a higher labor force engagement boosts employment. PGR has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. The F-test confirms that all three variables jointly influence EO. These results highlight the need to harmonize wage regulations, human capital development (HDI), and population planning to support inclusive and sustainable employment in regions experiencing high demographic pressures.

This research is conducted using the normative juridical method and aims to analyse the impact of the enactment of the Perppu on the regulation of non-minimum authorised capital in the establishment of a limited liability company. The Perppu on Job Creation changes several important aspects of the Limited Liability Company Law, including the elimination of the minimum authorised capital requirement. While these changes are intended to ease the establishment of micro, small, and medium enterprises (UMKM) and adapt to economic and technological developments, there are concerns regarding their impact on creditor protection and public confidence in limited liability companies established without clear authorised capital. The results show that the lack of clarity regarding authorised capital may negatively impact the company's credibility, access to financing, and legal protection. This change can also reduce trust from external parties such as investors, creditors, and business partners, and create uncertainty among employees and management.

Share transactions in the sharia capital market must comply with sharia principles. The aim of this research is to analyze the position of stocks that are used as an arena for speculation in the views of scholars, both classical scholars and contemporary scholars. This research is library research with a descriptive analysis method using a normative juridical approach. The research data analysis was carried out through three mechanisms, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that Based on the discussion above, it shows that in the view of the ulama it has been explained that speculative activities, Riba, Gharar and Maysir (gambling) have been prohibited by Islamic law which was issued as a regulation. One of them is setting a minimum holding period for shares. With these restrictions, shares cannot be traded at any time, so there is little incentive to profit from price changes alone. However, finding the right retention period can be difficult. These restrictions can limit speculation, but also reduce the liquidity of capital market investments. Therefore, it is very possible that a rational investor needs quick liquidity but cannot sell shares because the required minimum holding period has not been met.

Financial conglomerates are considered to have a significant role in a country’s economy. A well-developed financial conglomerate will bring economy’s positive growth. However, when one collapses, systemic risk cannot be avoided to the financial system. The study conducts a comparative analysis of financial conglomerates/financial holding companies policies in six countries: Indonesia, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Australia. Furthermore, the research examines the literature review method of financial conglomerates criteria, structure, synergy, intragroup transactions, and data protection. In general, the requirements of financial conglomerates within research sample countries align with the Joint Forum. Indonesia is still developing the financial conglomerate’s minimum assets and members. Singapore is more concerned with a portion of assets, capital, liabilities, or income, while Taiwan regulates the total assets and paid-in capital. Malaysia regulates strictly with specific minimum ownership, while Australia focuses more on transaction materiality. The synergy among members of financial conglomerates may improve efficiency—however, the intragroup transactions raise systemic risk. Consumer data protection should be considered when financial conglomerates conduct cross-selling. From this study, policymakers should enhance their policies so that financial conglomerates take more advantage of generating the country’s economy while managing challenges to the financial system’s stability.

Analyzing influence of financial literacy, information technology, and minimum capital on interest in investing in shares in the Islamic capital market. Financial literacy (X1) has a significant positive effect on investment interest (Y). Tcount value is 4.156 > Ttable 1.662 and the Sig value is 0.000 < 0.05. Information technology (X2) has a significant positive influence on Investment Interest (Y). Calculated T value of the information technology variable is 6.120 > 1.662 with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Minimum capital (X3) has an insignificant positive influence on investment interest (Y). The T value of the minimum capital variable is 2.812 > 1.662 with a significance value of 0.06 > 0.05. Financial literacy, information technology and minimum capital together have a significant effect on investment interest. Significance values ​​(X1), (X2) and (X3) simultaneously influence (Y) by 0.000 < 0.005 and value of Fcount > Ftable (79.354 > 2.700).

Community participation in environmental protection is a very important and main component so that the living environment where humans live is safe, comfortable and provides prosperity for humans. Ambon City is the capital of Maluku Province. Ambon City consists of several sub-districts. It can be seen that in recent years the Ambon city forest environment and residential areas have experienced several fires which resulted in destruction and damage to the environment along with buildings and structures as well as loss of life. This is what happened in South Leitimu District, Sirimau District, Nunaniwe District. The cause is indicated by the low level of community participation in protecting the environment. This can be seen from human negligence or negligence, deliberate human actions, human carelessness. The aim of this community service activity is to increase public knowledge and understanding through educational and socialization facilities in order to reduce to a minimum the damage and destruction of the environment along with the loss of life.

Investment is important in helping to increase the growth and development of a country. The total ratio of investors in Indonesia in 2022 is 2.2%, this ratio is still lagging behind when compared to other countries. Students are in the spotlight for the Indonesia Stock Exchange to become young investors in the capital market. The Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) has done several things to increase investment interest in universities by establishing several collaborations and organizing programs such as opening an Investment Gallery. This study aims to determine the effect of investment knowledge, investment benefits, investment motivation, minimum investment capital and investment return on investment interest in the capital market. The results of this study are that simultaneously investment knowledge, investment benefits, investment motivation, investment return and minimum capital have a positive effect on investment interest. Partially, investment knowledge, investment benefits, investment return and minimum capital have a positive effect on investment interest, while the investment motivation variable has no effect on investment interest. The ability of these 5 variables to influence investment interest is shown in the adjusted R square value of 53% and the rest can be influenced by other variables outside of this study

The Sharia Investment Gallery is a place for students to learn about investing in the Islamic capital market. There are several programs carried out by the Sharia Investment Gallery, namely educating and motivating students by holding activities such as studies on the Islamic capital market, Islamic capital market schools (SPMS) and also socializing the existence of a minimum capital of IDR 100,000 in opening an account on the market. Islamic capital in order to attract students to invest in the Islamic capital market. Therefore this research is to find out whether Minimum Capital affects students' interest in investing in the Islamic capital market with education as a moderating variable. This research is a quantitative study, the variables used are minimum capital (X), Education (Z), and Student interest in investing (Y). This study tested the MRA interaction. By distributing 131 questionnaires to GIS investors at the Islamic Faculty of Trunjoyo Madura University. The results of this study indicate that the results of the T test on the minimum capital variable affect students' interest in investing in the Islamic capital market. Furthermore, in the interaction test, the education variable has a significant effect in moderating the relationship between minimum capital and interest in investing, and it can be said that the moderating variable (education) strengthens the relationship between minimum capital and investment interest. And included in the pseudo moderation variable (Quasi Moderation.

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of Islamic stock understanding and financial behavior on the intention to purchase Islamic stocks at PT FAC Sekuritas. The method used in this study is a quantitative method, and the data analysis method used is the coefficient of determination test. The sample in this study was 94 samples of FEBI students at UIN STS Jambi class of 2019-2021, by distributing Likert scale questionnaires. The results of the study show that understanding of Islamic stocks (X1) has a significant positive effect on the intention to purchase Islamic stocks (Y). This is evidenced by the value of Tcount 4.379 > Ttable 1.661 and a Sig value of 0.001 <0.05, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Financial Behavior (X2) shows that there is a significant positive influence on the intention to purchase Islamic stocks (Y). This is evidenced by the tcount value of the minimum capital variable of 3.480 > 1.661 with a significance value of 0.001 <0.05, so it can be concluded that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Understanding of sharia stocks and financial behavior together have a significant effect on the intention to buy sharia stocks. It is known that the significance values ​​for (X1) and (X2) simultaneously affect (Y) of 0.000 <0.005 and the value of Fcount > Ftable (34.631 > 3.10). So it can be concluded that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. This means that the higher the level of understanding of Islamic stocks and the better financial behavior, the higher the interest of students in purchasing Islamic stocks at PT FAC Sekuritas.

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of financial literacy, investment motivation, and minimum investment capital on Gen Z's investment interest in the Bibit application. The analysis method in this research uses quantitative primary data, the test stages carried out are: validity test, normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, and coefficient of determination test (R2). The data used in this research used a questionnaire instrument, and valid data was collected from 100 respondents. The sampling method in this research is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The testing tool used was SPSS version 23. The results showed that investment motivation and minimum investment capital had a partially significant positive effect on Gen Z's interest in investing in the Bibit application, while financial literacy had a partially significant negative effect on Gen Z's investment interest in the Bibit application. Financial literacy, investment motivation, and minimum investment capital simultaneously have a positive effect on Gen Z's interest in investing in the Bibit application and the most dominant variable in investment interest is investment motivation.

Abstract. Absorption of labor is an important problem in national development where the number is increasing from year to year as a result of the increase in population, while the available job opportunities are limited in number, so that the unemployment rate in several cities is increasing. A high level of investment will increase production capacity which will eventually lead to the creation of new jobs. That way, the unemployment rate can be reduced and people's incomes will increase. This research is a quantitative research with secondary data in the 2015-2021 observation period. Data collection in this study uses the documentation method for data on Population 15+ Working, Investment and Minimum Wage obtained from BPS, Department of Manpower and Office of Investment. The collected data is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. Overall, the results of multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing can be concluded that partially investment and minimum wages have no significant effect on employment in Indonesia. Simultaneously, it shows that the investment and minimum wage variables have no simultaneous effect on employment in Indonesia. The lack of effect of investment on labor absorption in Indonesia is due to the fact that more investment is channeled into the capital-intensive project sector (services) compared to the labor-intensive project sector, where the capital-intensive project sector absorbs only a small amount of labor. Meanwhile, the minimum wage has no effect on labor absorption because the majority of the working population in Indonesia have received relatively high wages or exceeded the minimum wage. Employment. Absorption of labor in the perspective of Islamic economics is that the government has made various efforts as its responsibility to provide jobs for its people. The essence of Islamic economics in reviewing the power market based on an Islamic perspective shows the potential in generating economic equality in society and realizing prosperity   Keywords: national development, Investment, Minimum Wage  

Perkembangan teknologi memudahkan segala aktivitas masyarakat, salah satunya adalah berinvestasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan minat investasi generasi millennial di kota Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah generasi millennial di kota Semarang, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan fasilitas online trading, minim modal dan persepsi risiko mempengaruhi minat investasi secara bersama-sama. Secara parsial fasilitas online trading dan persepsi risiko berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap minat investasi, sedangkan modal minimal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat investasi.