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The shift from manual and informal bookkeeping practices to technology-supported structured financial management in small and medium enterprises within the framework of the evolution of culinary MSME accounting practices by considering the typical socio-cultural context. The study aims to explore the transformation of accounting practices in culinary Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Makassar, Indonesia, through the metaphor "From Traditional Kitchens to Digital Restaurants." Using a mixed methods approach, this study integrates Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social practice to analyze the shift from informal manual bookkeeping to digital accounting systems sociologically, taking into account how habitus, capital, and social structure influence accounting adoption. The survey of 3,950 culinary MSMEs was complemented by qualitative interviews with 95 business owners. The findings highlight significant gaps in accounting practices, which are influenced by digital access, cultural capital, and social habits. Digital adoption improves financial reporting and profitability but remains uneven due to social and educational constraints. The study recommends targeted digital literacy programs and policy incentives to bridge the gap.

Penelitian ini mengkaji simbol air dalam Injil Yohanes sebagai bahasa wahyu yang mengungkapkan identitas ilahi Yesus dalam kerangka pneumatologi. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah adanya kecenderungan studi sebelumnya yang menafsirkan simbol air secara parsial, baik sebagai simbol sakramental maupun metafora spiritual, tanpa melihat keterkaitannya secara menyeluruh dalam struktur naratif Injil Yohanes dan tradisi Yahudi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan bahwa simbol air merupakan struktur teologis yang mengintegrasikan kristologi, dan pneumatologi  Yohanes. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kepustakaan, melalui analisis teologis-intertekstual terhadap teks-teks Yohanes yang berkaitan dengan simbol air serta hubungannya dengan Perjanjian Lama dan tradisi Yahudi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simbol air berkembang secara progresif dari makna literal menuju simbol kehidupan ilahi dan Roh Kudus, serta mencapai klimaks dalam peristiwa penyaliban sebagai pencurahan Roh dan kelahiran Gereja. Dengan demikian, air berfungsi sebagai medium pewahyuan yang tidak hanya menjelaskan karya keselamatan, tetapi juga mengungkapkan identitas Yesus sebagai sumber kehidupan ilahi. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pneumatologi Yohanes pada dasarnya merupakan ekspresi kristologi dalam bahasa simbolik.

Enforced disappearance during the New Order era represents a historical reality that has left profound wounds and prolonged uncertainty for both the victims and the families left behind. This reality is powerfully represented in Laut Bercerita, a novel by Leila S. Chudori, through the use of symbolic and evocative literary language. This study aims to reveal the representation of enforced disappearance through the use of figures of speech and metaphors in the novel. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a stylistic approach. The data consist of narrative excerpts containing figures of speech and metaphors related to experiences of loss, suffering, memory, and resistance. Data collection was conducted through intensive reading and systematic note-taking, while data analysis involved classifying types of figures of speech and interpreting their contextual meanings. The findings indicate that metaphors of the sea, silence, darkness, and alienation play a crucial role in constructing the representation of enforced disappearance as a traumatic experience that is not only physical but also psychological and collective in nature. The use of figurative language strengthens the narrative’s expressive power in conveying criticism of state violence while simultaneously preserving the memory of humanitarian tragedies that are often marginalized. This study implies that literary works can function as reflective media and as cultural documentation of histories of violence.

The poem “Mayat Politik Ditutupi Koran Pagi” by Afrizal Malna presents sharp social and political criticism through the use of irony and complex metaphors. This study aims to examine how these two linguistic devices are employed to reveal the socio-political realities of post-reform Indonesia. Using a stylistic approach, the research explores the forms, functions, and meanings of irony and metaphor that appear within the poem’s structure. The analysis shows that irony serves to express dissatisfaction and satire toward political conditions that appear orderly but are actually filled with deception and manipulation. Meanwhile, metaphor provides a symbolic depiction of the role of mass media as an instrument of power that conceals the true political reality behind public discourse. Through the interplay of these two stylistic elements, Afrizal Malna succeeds in presenting a poetic representation of society’s anxiety over media domination and the blurring line between truth and political interest. This study is expected to enhance the understanding of literature’s role as a reflective and critical medium in uncovering the relationship between language, power, and ideology within Indonesia’s socio-political dynamics.

This study analyzes the use of conceptual metaphors representing the grieving process in Taylor Swift's album "Folklore" through the lens of Kübler-Ross's five stages of grief. The method employed is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection conducted through the analysis of song lyrics obtained from physical albums and digital music platforms. The research instrument consists of a guideline for identifying and categorizing metaphors related to the theme of grief. The data analysis procedure includes in-depth reading to identify metaphors, which are then categorized according to the stages of grief. The findings indicate that each song in the album reflects various aspects of denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance, providing a profound understanding of the grieving experience. This research demonstrates that metaphors in the lyrics serve not only as artistic expression but also as a means to comprehend the psychological processes individuals undergo. The study recommends further analysis of other albums with similar themes to enrich the understanding of the emotional impact of song lyrics

This study discusses the phenomenon of increasing consumptive behavior among Muslim communities due to the influence of social media, technology, and e-commerce. This behavior is considered contrary to Islamic teachings that emphasize balance, simplicity, and social responsibility. Therefore, this research aims to formulate the concept of Islamic consumption that not only fulfills physical needs, but also considers spiritual values, ethics, and social justice. Using a qualitative approach through literature study, this research examines consumption principles in Islam such as halal-thayyib, maqāṣid al-syarī'ah, and ethical rationality as an alternative to conventional consumption that is materialistic. The results show that consumption in Islam is part of worship that includes spiritual, social, and environmental dimensions. Islamic consumption encourages frugal, selective, and responsible behavior, and strengthens social solidarity through zakat and alms. This research produces an integrated Islamic consumption framework that can serve as a guideline for Muslim consumers, policy makers, and da'wah institutions in building a more ethical, sustainable, and Islamic-compliant consumption lifestyle in the modern era.

Medan is one of the metropolitan cities that has many offices, schools and colleges, this has resulted in most residents of Medan City being required to sit continuously and be less mobile in working and studying. Sport is one activity that can be done to overcome this. Therefore it is necessary to build a recreational sports arena in the city of Medan which can be used every day according to the user's schedule and which can accommodate activities or matches held by certain communities or parties. This sports arena was designed with a metaphorical architectural approach, to show an attractive building visual and increase the interest of the people of Medan City to exercise in this building.      

This article analyzes the word “seed” as a metaphor of God's word in Jesus' parables found in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) with a semantic approach. The metaphor of “seed” in the context of first-century agriculture is used by Jesus to describe human responses to God's words, which are likened to different types of soil. This study explores the literal, metaphorical, and symbolic meanings of the Greek word σπόρος (sporos), and compares its usage in the three Synoptic Gospels to reveal differences in their narrative emphases. This study shows that the metaphor of “seed” not only describes the dynamics of spiritual growth, but also conveys a theological message about the importance of faith, perseverance, and readiness of heart in receiving God's word. As such, this article offers a new perspective that connects biblical and linguistic studies to deepen the understanding of Jesus' teaching.  

Afrito, D., & Isnaini, H. (2024). The Influence of Gaul Language on The Use of Indonesian Among Students of Stiepar Yapari, Bandung City. An International Journal Tourism and Community Review, 1(2), 14-19. Agustina, N., Sudradjat, R. T., & Isnaini, H. (2022). Analisis Semiotika Pada Puisi “Dalam Doa: II” Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono. Parole: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 4(5). Amriyah, N., & Isnaini, H. (2021). Campur Kode Sudjiwo Tedjo dalam Dialog Interaktif Indonesia Lawyers Club TvOne Episode Setahun Jokowi-Maruf: Dari Pandemi Sampai Demokrasi. Jurnal Disastra, Vol. 3 No.1, 98-103. Aprilianti, D., Herawati, M. N., & Isnaini, H. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Hadiah terhadap Minat Siswa dalam Menulis Teks Cerpen pada Siswa SMP. Parole: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, IKIP Siliwangi, Vol. 2 No.3, 427-432. Isnaini, H. (2023). Semesta Sastra (Studi Ilmu Sastra): Pengantar Teori, Sejarah, dan Kritik. CV Pustaka Humaniora. Isnaini, H. (2024). Perempuan Di Titik Nol: Female, Feminine, Dan Feminist. Prawara: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 5(2), 148-157. Mustika, I., & Isnaini, H. (2021). Konsep Cinta pada Puisi-Puisi Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono: Analisis Semiotika Carles Sanders Pierce. Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Humaniora, Vol. 6 No. 1 Maret 2021, 1-10. Purwaningsih, L., Sudibyo, A., & Isnaini, H. (2023). Problematika pada Pembelajaran Apresiasi Sastra. Metonimia: Jurnal Sastra dan Pendidikan Kesusastraan, 1(2), 69-73. Rizkyanfi, M. W., & Isnaini, H. (2023). Prates Keterampilan Membaca Artikel Ilmiah Jurnal Elekronik Menggunakan Media Google Form bagi Mahasiswa Baru. Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra, 2(1), 117-124. Soepandi, D. (2023). Analisis Puisi “Aku Membawa Angin” Karya Heri Isnaini Dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Semiotik. Fonologi: Jurnal Ilmuan Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris, 1(3), 36-46. Sunarti, S., Yusup, M., & Isnaini, H. (2022). NILAI-NILAI NASIONALISME PADA PUISI “DONGENG PAHLAWAN” KARYA WS. RENDRA. Parole: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 5(4), 253-260. Supini, P., Sudradjat, R. T., & Isnaini, H. (2021). Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Drama dengan Menggunakan Metode Picture and Picture. Parole: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, IKIP Siliwangi, Vol. 4 No. 1, 16-23. Suryawin, P. C., Wijaya, M., & Isnaini, H. (2022). Tindak Tutur (Speech Act) dan Implikatur dalam Penggunaan Bahasa. Sinar Dunia: Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniiora dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Volume 1, Nomor 3, 29-36. Tresnawati, F., Yuliana, Y., & Isnaini, H. (2023). Problematika Pemahaman Teori Pembelajaran Sastra Bagi Siswa SMP dan SMA di Indonesia. Jurnal Humaniora Herisna Institute, 1(2), 29-37. http://herisna-institute.com/index.php/jhhi/article/view/10 Tussaadah, N., Sobari, T., & Permana, A. (2020). Analisis puisi “Rahasia Hujan” karya Heri Isnaini dengan menggunakan pendekatan mimetik. Parole: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 3(2), 321-322. Dede, W., Tuti, S., Dela, S. W., & Raden, I. M. (2019). Analisis Nilai Moral pada Lima Cerpen Karya Kuntowijoyo dalam Buku Dilarang Mencintai Bunga-Bunga. Parole (Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia), 1(2), 241-256. Diana, J. (2018). Citra sosial perempuan dalam cerpen kartini karya Putu Wijaya: Tinjauan kritik sastra feminis. Jurnal Pena Indonesia, 4(1), 78-96. Pramidana, I. D. (2020). Unsur Intrinsik dan Ekstrinsik Dalam Cerpen “Buut” Karya I Gusti Ayu Putu Mahindu Dewi Purbarini. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Bali Undiksha, 7(2), 61-70. Urfadhilah, A. Y., Kasnandi, K., & Hurstyanti, H. (2021). Gaya Bahasa Retoris dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Metafora Padma Karya Bernard Batubara. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 1(2

Youth center is a youth activity center in the form of a container or Aplace where teenagers can gather, socialize, and engage in arts, sports, education, and recreational activities. The lack of such facilities results in the low development of adolescents in the aspects of sports and arts. This can be the cause of juvenile delinquency due to the lack of control over youth leisure activities. Designing a youth center is needed to reduce the problem of juvenile delinquency, as well as to help develop the potential of teenagers in Padang city. This research aims to explore the design aspects and themes of the youth center building. This research uses a qualitative method by conducting a literature review and observation. The literature review was conducted to find out the types and typologies of youth center buildings as well as considerations related to youth center design requirements and standards. This design applies the architectural theme of wave metaphor to space, form, facade, color, and material, which illustrates the complexity of emotions and the journey of adolescent growth through the use of curved elements with various height variations.

Konseptual dalam arsitektur merupakan suatu gagasan awal yang digeneralisasikan yang harus diperluas dan dikembangkan lebih lanjut dan terperinci. Tiap rancangan bangunan dapat tersusun dari banyak konsep melalui proses desain dan penyelesaian desain dari permasalahan yang ada akan membentuk suatu hasil karya yang akan terus berkembang hingga proses pembangunan. Konsep terbagi menjadi lima macam yaitu metafora, analogi, hakekat, pragmatik dan utopia. Pembahasan dari data primer dan sekunder sebagai kajian konsep dalam pengaplikasiannya. Data primer didapatkan dari wawancara kepada arsitek professional dan data sekunder didapat dari internet dengan karya – karya dari arsitek professional. Penggunaan konsep dalam setiap karya tergantung dengan permasalahan dan bagaimana pemecahan solusinya. Dalam data primer ini  karya dari Ridwan Kamil yang menggunakan konsep metafora konkrit dan analogi romantik dalam konsep perancangan Museum Tsunami Aceh. Sedangkan data primer hasil wawancara menggunakan konsep pragmatik dengan pendekatan konsep rencana (plan) dalam hasil karyanya. Dalam proses realitanya keuangan sangatlah berpengaruh dalam perancangan dari project yang diinginkannya.

Tebing Tinggi is experiencing rapid development, with the youth population becoming an important asset because they will be the next generation in shaping the quality of life in the future. This study aims to design a youth center that can be a place for recreation and develop talent interests through various activities for teenagers so they can grow in a positive and healthy environment both indoors and outdoors. The research method used is a quantitative approach, where a survey is carried out using a questionnaire and also concept exploration by collecting information which includes a literature review and analysis of related case studies. Next, the collected data is analyzed to produce a design concept. The theme raised is metaphorical architecture to create architecture that symbolizes inspiration, creativity and collaborative growth with teenagers. The research results found that the design aspect involved the use of symbols and creative elements that convey messages, as well as paying attention to symbolic meanings that could inspire teenagers. Symbolic principles communicate positive messages, provide unique experiences, and allow for flexibility in the use of space. Symbolic architecture is applied through the metaphor of nerve cells, with the concept of togetherness and unity where the building and outdoor space are connected to each other, thereby optimizing outdoor space to avoid negative space and creating connections for visitors. The nerve cell metaphor is applied to the shape of the building which can be seen through the facade and bird's eye view with the presence of a plaza in the site plan and easy access to reach the entire building with the pavement around the site. Apart from that, transparent material is also an architectural element that is used to create a connected visual impression.

Education creates an optimal learning environment and an active learning process for students to develop their potential and help them achieve goals in improving knowledge and morals, as well as building children's personalities. Lack of educational facilities and difficulty managing free time are also problems for teenagers in channeling their talents and interests and preparing for a better future. Madrasah Aliyah Vocational Boarding School as an alternative school has an optimal environment for character education. The aim of this research is to design a Madrasah Aliyah Vocational Boarding School that can meet educational needs, a good learning environment, security and safety, as well as several supporting architectural factors and elements by applying metaphorical architectural aspects. The research method is carried out using qualitative methods, which can be collected by collecting data from literature studies, case studies or similar themes, then direct observation of educational activities. The application of a design with a metaphorical architectural theme, which uses the basic shape of a rose, is expected to visually illustrate the function of the building. Thus, observers and building users are expected to be able to clearly obtain ideas and impressions of the activities taking place within it through the shape of the building mass and facade.  

The aim of this exploration is to recognize the enormous use of representation in the first verse of the Al-Qur'an Surah Ibrahim, especially the words Al-Zhulumat and Al-Nur. The main point is to interpret the task of isti'arah in giving an uncertain meaning to a part which can give rise to various translations. Using a scientific-rational approach, this research method examines the text of the Al-Qur'an through language and literature studies, with a focus on metaphors, especially relevant metaphors. This research approach is qualitative, with data collection using the Library Research method (library research). This investigation also includes interpretive efforts to better understand how isti'arah can be used as a tool of understanding, namely the translation of Fahruddin Al-Razi's Mafatih Al Ghaib. Findings (1). The study involved various translations resulting from the ideas of Intisari and Majaz in the application of isti'arah (2). Fakhruddin Al-Razi underlined that isti'arah helps Muslims understand the Al-Qur'an by explaining the meaning of complex verses, especially the terms Al-Zhulumat and Al-Nur in Surah Ibrahim verse 1. Apart from that, this study also functions as a reminder the idea of ​​content 'direction, which is not mentioned in the language of scholars but is present in the disciplines of tafsir and the Koran. Therefore, this research takes a dogmatic-ideological approach in studying the Koran while allowing for a rational-scientific approach.  

This research aims to describe the use of metaphor in poetry as a means of expressing the depth of the author's meaning and expression. Metaphors are often used to enrich poetic language by connecting complex concepts figuratively. Qualitative analysis methods are used to examine how metaphors are used to communicate emotional and intellectual messages in poetry, with a focus on the author as a conveyer of meaning. The findings suggest that metaphor can serve as a powerful tool for expressing complex and deep ideas in poetry, enriching the reading experience and literary interpretation.    

Poetry is a form of literary work that is full of meaning and beauty, as a result of protective expressions and feelings that are bound by certain elements such as rhythm, meter, rhyme, lyric composition, and stanzas. In this study, we investigate the meaning of metaphors expressed by authors in poetry. Lafamane (2020:1) and Sumardi (in Lafamane:2020) emphasize that poetry is condensed, shortened and given rhythm with imaginative figurative words. Herbert Spencer (in Lafamane: 2020) added emotional dimensions and beauty as important elements in poetry. Thus, the meaning of metaphor in poetry explores the emotional depth and beauty expressed by the author through figurative language that captivates the reader. Through analyzing the meaning of metaphor, we can understand more deeply the essence of poetry and the richness of the author's imagination in conveying messages beautifully and captivatingly.    

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemakaian gaya bahasa, keunikan diksi dan penggunaan citraan pada novel Api Tauhid karya Habiburrahman El Shirazy yang diterbitkan oleh Republika penerbit (PT Pustaka Abdi Bangsa) dengan tebal buku 588 halaman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik baca dan teknik catat dalam pengumpulan data. Prosedur penelitian meliputi: (1) memahami jenis-jenis gaya bahasa, diksi dan citraan, kemudian membaca serta menelaah novel Api Tauhid, (2) mencatat data berupa gaya bahasa, diksi dan citraan, (3) mengklasifikasikan data yang telah diperoleh, (4) mendeskripsikan gaya bahasa, diksi dan citraan yang diperoleh dalam novel, (5) menyimpulkan hasil analisis. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan sebanyak 90 penggunaan gaya bahasa secara keseluruhan, yakni majas perbandingan (majas asosiasi sebanyak 22 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas metafora 4 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas personifikasi 12 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas antisipasi 2 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas metonimia 1 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas simile 3 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas simbolik penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas alegori 4 penggunaan gaya bahasa) dan majas penegasan (majas repetisi 29 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas klimaks 3 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas anti klimaks 2 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas apofasis 2 penggunaan gaya bahasa, majas koreksio 1 penggunaan gaya bahasa). Keunikan diksi terdapat pada leksikon bahasa arab sebanyak 49, leksikon bahasa asing (inggris & turki) sebanyak 24, leksikon bahasa jawa sebanyak 14. Penggunaan citraan sebanyak 48.

The purpose of this study is to describe the types of metaphors, namely, anthropomorphic, animalistic, and synesthetic as well as the meaning in the text of the ri Kajang tide as the embodiment of the local culture of the Kajang people. This research was conducted for about two months in the Kajang Ammatoa Area, Bulukumba Regency. This research is a research with a qualitative approach. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion of the use of figurative language in the text of the ri Kajang tide, it can be concluded that the results of this study indicate that there are various forms of figurative language found in the text of the ri Kajang ri. contained in the text of the tide ri kajang. The findings related to figurative language metaphor and the meaning of the text of the ri kajang pair are as many as 13 data. There are four data of anthropomorphic metaphors, five data of animal metaphors, and four data of synesthetic metaphors.

The purpose of this research is to describe (1) the types of metaphors found in the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi, and (2) the functions of metaphors in the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data source for this research is the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi, which consists of the songs titled "Nyala," "1-2-Cha-Cha," "Malam-Malam Ubud," "Di Timur," "Melebur Semesta," "Kultusan," "Ikat Aku di Tulang Belikatmu," "Amin Paling Serius," "Dalam Diam," and "Jelita." The data in this study are the types and functions of metaphors found in the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi, in the form of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that are present in the lines and stanzas of the lyrics related to the types and functions of metaphors. The data collection technique used in this research is literature review, observation, note-taking, and data cards. The data analysis is done using qualitative content analysis. Based on the analysis results, it can be concluded that there are types and functions of metaphors used by the songwriter in the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi. The types of metaphors found in the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi include anthropomorphic metaphors, synesthetic metaphors, abstract metaphors, and bestial metaphors. The functions of metaphors found in the lyrics of the album "Berhati" by Sal Priadi include informational function, expressive function, directive function, and phatic function. The most abundant data are found in the category of abstract metaphors and informational function of metaphors, while the least amount of data are found in the category of bestial metaphors and expressive function of metaphors.

This article discusses the meaning of figure of speech as outlined in a choice of words that is quite interesting and makes the reader curious about the meaning, also seen from the expressive approach that we can see from the author's point of view in making the poem. The purpose of making this article is to develop writing skills and increase students' and the public's interest in reading, as well as to describe the relationship or purpose of the author in conveying the poem "I Want Your Painting" to find the meaning contained in the poem with an expressive approach.