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Mammae aberrans in the axilla is a developmental abnormality caused by the persistence of breast tissue along the milk line and can cause fluctuating axillary masses due to hormonal stimulation, with a reported prevalence of approximately 0.4–6%. Methods: This article is presented as a descriptive case report based on data from the Department of Surgery at Cut Meutia Regional General Hospital, North Aceh, including medical history, physical examination, routine blood tests, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), excision, histopathological examination, and follow-up. Results: A 16-year-old female patient complained of a lump in her right axilla for approximately two years, which had enlarged in the last month and caused severe pain before menstruation. Examination revealed a mass measuring approximately 3×3×2 cm, without lymph node enlargement, and normal routine blood tests. Two FNAB punctures showed fat droplets/matrix without epithelial proliferation or malignant cells (benign smear) with the impression of aberrant mammary glands. The patient underwent mass excision; histopathology showed mature fatty tissue and fibrocollagen accompanied by ductular proliferation without signs of malignancy, and at the 1-week follow-up, the pain had disappeared and the lump was no longer visible. Discussion: The cyclic pain pattern associated with menstruation is an important clue for distinguishing aberrant mammary glands from differential diagnoses of axillary masses in adolescents, while excision provides diagnostic certainty and symptom improvement. Conclusion: Mammae aberrans should be considered in adolescents with axillary masses affected by the menstrual cycle, and excision is recommended in symptomatic cases for histopathological confirmation and resolution of complaints.

Dysmenorrhea, which is common in adolescent girls, is a painful menstrual cycle that frequently interferes with daily activities, both in the classroom and in social situations. Dysmenorrhea is a common condition that needs particular care as a reproductive health concern, notably among young people. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches can be used to treat dysmenorrhea. The use of warm water compresses is a simple, inexpensive, and effective non-pharmacological approach. By increasing blood vessel dilatation, enhancing blood circulation, lowering muscular tension, and lowering pain perceptions, warm water compresses aid in alleviating dysmenorrhea symptoms. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of warm compresses on the severity of dysmenorrhea pain scales in teenage girls at the Buntalo Community Health Center. The design of this trial was pre-experimental, using a one-group pretest-posttest technique. Using a purposive sampling method, a sample of 20 respondents was chosen. The Wilcoxon test was used to conduct the data analysis. According to the data, there was a statistically significant reduction in pain intensity, with a Z value of -4.065 and a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). The average pain scale decreased from 2.95 to 1.80. Based on these findings, it is reasonable to conclude that warm water compresses are helpful in alleviating dysmenorrhea pain in young women. One of the suggestions for non-pharmacological treatments to help alleviate dysmenorrhea symptoms in adolescents is anticipated to be the outcome of this research.

Menstrual cycle disorders can negatively impact athletic performance. A combination of irregular eating patterns and intense training can increase the risk of such disturbances. Factors influencing menstrual cycle irregularities include nutritional status, physical activity, dietary habits, stress levels, smoking, hormonal medication use, and endocrine disorders. A study conducted in Semarang found that 28.8% of female athletes experienced menstrual cycle issues. This research aims to investigate how physical activity and food intake affect menstrual cycle disorders among adolescent volleyball athletes in Kudus Regency. The methodology employed was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach, selecting 46 respondents using purposive sampling techniques. The IPAQ and SQFFQ questionnaires were used as research instruments. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. The results indicated that the majority of athletes had a high level of physical activity (76.1%), while 50% were categorized as having severe food intake deficits. Additionally, 78.3% of athletes experienced menstrual cycle disturbances, which included 36 individuals. Bivariate analysis revealed that physical activity influenced the menstrual cycle of adolescent volleyball athletes (p-value = 0.045), and dietary intake also had an effect (p-value = 0.000). Therefore, both physical activity and eating patterns significantly impact menstrual cycle disorders among adolescent volleyball athletes.

Ovarian cysts are a type of reproductive disease that often attacks women. Ovarian cysts are collections of fluid in the ovaries or fallopian tubes that accumulate and are surrounded by a membrane formed from the outer layer of the ovaries. Many people, especially women of childbearing age, do not know the factors that cause ovarian cysts themselves. Cyst Factor Analysis aims to increase public knowledge for early prevention. This research is a type of quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. The sample used was 109 respondents and anticipated drop out was 121 respondents in the work area of the Tlogosari Kulon Semarang Health Center. The sample was taken using a probability sampling technique with a simple random sampling type. The comparative test used was the Chi-Square test. The results of research using the Chi-Square test proved that the p value of the ovarian cyst factors was <0.05. This shows that there is a significant and strengthening relationship between age, menstrual cycle, genetic history, parity, economic status, history of previous cysts, menarche, hypothyroidism. There is a relationship between age, menstrual cycle, genetic history, parity, economic status, history of previous cysts, menarche, hypothyroidism on the incidence of ovarian cysts in women of childbearing age at the Tlogosari Kulon Semarang Community Health Center, and factors that have a significant influence are genetic history with a p-value <0.050.

Background: Menstrual disorders that are often found in women include late menstruation, and the amount of menstrual blood. Almost 75% of adolescents experience menstruation, including irregular cycles, pain, long and heavy bleeding during menstruation. The menstrual cycle is not only influenced by biological factors such as lifestyle, hormonal disorders, nutritional status, but can also be influenced by social and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls at MAN 1 Semarang City. Method: This type of research is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this study amounted to 168 respondents. The respondent selection used probability sampling technique. This study used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis tests. The analysis used was Spearman's rho and multiple logistic regression. Results and Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the factors age, menarche, diet, nutritional status, and hemoglobin levels have no relationship to the menstrual cycle in female adolescents, but from the factors of stress, physical activity, fast food consumption habits, and sleep quality there is a relationship to the menstrual cycle in female adolescents at MAN 1 Semarang City where for stress level obtained p value: 0.002, physical activity with p value: 0.012, fast food consumption habits with p value: 0.035, and sleep quality with p value: 0.022. The factors that most influence the menstrual cycle in female adolescents at AN 1 Semarang City are stress levels with p value 0.002 and Od Ratio 3.365.

Menopause was a phase of a woman’s life that occurred at the end of the menstrual cycle. In this phase, women needed to prepare physically and psychologically to face menopause. One of the factors that affected this preparation was family support. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family support and women’s readiness to face menopause. This study was a type of quantitative research with a cross-sectional research design. Sampling by purposive sampling technique with a sample of 77 respondents was statistically processed using the Gamma Test. The results of this study showed that there was a relationship between family support and women’s readiness to face menopause with P value < 0.05 and a correlation value of 1.000, which meant that the correlation between the two variables was very strong. There was a relationship between family support and women’s readiness to face menopause, a very strong correlation that meant that women with high support had readiness to face menopause, and women with low support did not have readiness to face menopause.

Unhealthy lifestyle, stress, health problems, physical activity, hormonal imbalance, and nutritional status are all factors that contribute to irregular menstruation. Stress is a common cause of menstrual cycle disorders. It induces the pituitary gland to release ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone), which increases cortisol levels, disrupting the menstrual cycle. This study aims to investigate the relationship between stress levels and the occurrence of menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) among adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 1 Kutalimbaru, Kutalimbaru District, in 2023. The research uses a cross-sectional design with an analytic survey approach. A sample of 45 adolescent girls was selected, consisting of two groups: case and control. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis techniques. The results show that the majority of adolescents experience moderate stress (51.1%) and mild menstrual pain (48.9%). The analysis reveals a significant relationship between stress levels and the occurrence of dysmenorrhea, with a Spearman Rank correlation coefficient of 0.656 and a p-value of 0.000. This study highlights the importance of stress management in reducing menstrual pain among adolescent girls.

Introduction: stress is a condition of a person due to stimulation or pressure. Women are susceptible to emotional disorders or stress. Many factors affect irregular menstrual patterns, including stress. Irregular menstrual cycles can have serious impacts on women's health which will affect the metabolic, fertility, sexual, and reproductive systems. The inability to reproduce naturally can cause shame, guilt, and low self-esteem. These negative feelings can cause various levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and poor quality of life. This article aims to determine the effect of stress on women's menstrual cycles and fertility. Research method: a literature review with narratives from various research results related to stress and the menstrual cycle, as well as women's fertility. Data sources: from national and international journals indexed from 2017 to 2023. Results: increased production of CRH and cortisol causes decreased ovulation. This decreased ovulation will affect the length of the proliferation and secretion period, thereby affecting the menstrual cycle. Stress affects menstrual cycle disorders and women's fertility. Conclusion: stress influences changes in women's menstrual cycles and fertility so women need counseling and support during therapy.

The role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual jurisprudence among young women is very important. Because adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood, during this period children will experience many changes both physically and psychologically. one of the changes is menstruation or menstruation which every young woman experiences. The aim of this research is to determine the role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual fiqh among young women and the aim of the role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual fiqh among young women is to help them understand and manage their menstrual cycle in accordance with Islamic teachings. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research using books, magazines, offline and online articles or the latest journals, all data found from reading sources is then expressed in qualitative descriptive form. The results of this research show that the role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual jurisprudence among teenagers is very important, this is to ensure that young women feel comfortable, healthy and independent in managing their menstruation. And know the differences between women's blood that comes out of their genitals, namely, menstrual blood, istihadhah blood, and postpartum blood. Apart from that, providing knowledge about menstrual jurisprudence can also help young women understand their responsibilities and obligations as Muslim women.  

Knowledge refers to information or facts collected and resulted from people learning through sensory perception which lead and shape their action. It is necessary for students both male and female to understand menstruation knowledge. Although the boys do not have experience of having menstrual cycle, they need to understand in order to behave appropriately towards their female friends, such as showing respect, emphaty and support for their peers. The study aims to investigate the correlation between students’ mestruation knowledge towards their attitudes in grade fifth and sixth of Integrated Islamic Primary School of Insan Madani Bongas.The study uses quantitative approach to examine relationship between the knowledge and attitude. To collect data, the researcher distributes the questionnaires to students. To describe the correlation between the variables, for data analysis the researcher uses classical assumption test and simple linear regression. This study shows that the knowledge and attitudes of sixth-grade students towards menstruation are better than those of fifth-grade students. And, the knowledge and attitudes of female students regarding menstruation are better than those of male students since females have personal experience with menstruation, while males do not. Finally, in conclusion, there is a correlation between students’ menstruation knowledge and their attitudes in fifth and sixth grade of SDIT Insan Madani Bongas.

Menstruation is the decay of the uterine wall or accompanied by bleeding due to the absence of fertilization. Menstrual cycle disorders are caused by several factors including stress, endocrine disorders, diet, nutritional status, nutrient intake, physical activity and sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macronutrient intake and menstrual cycle female  adolescents of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban. Analytical research method with cross sectional approach. The sample in this study was adolescent girls of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban totaling 201 respondents, as samples randomited by simple random sampling echniquel. Independent variable of macronutrients and dependent variable of menstrual cycle. The analysis in this study used the spearmans correlation statistical test. The results showed that energy and carbohydrate intake was almost half normal at 47.3% and 43.8%. While the protein intake is mostly normal at 57.2% and fat intake is almost half experiencing excess intake at 44.3%. Statistical test results were obtained (p < 0.05), energy intake (p = 0.000), protein intake (p = 0.003), fat intake (p = 0.000) , and carbohydrate intake (p = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between macronutrient intake and menstrual cycle in adolescent girls of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban.  

Thyroid gland disease is a disorder that affects the thyroid gland, which plays a vital role in regulating the body's metabolism. Common symptoms associated with thyroid disease include tremors, concentration difficulties, changes in the menstrual cycle, and neck enlargement. At RSUD Dr. RM. Djoelham, Binjai, many patients struggle to understand and diagnose this disease early due to a lack of information and specific symptoms. To address this issue, an information technology-based system is needed to help the public recognize thyroid disease symptoms and provide an early diagnosis. One effective approach for designing such a system is using Case Based Reasoning (CBR), a method based on experience that solves problems by finding similar cases from existing data. This system can process symptoms entered by users, such as dry skin, anxiety, neck enlargement, and others. Based on previous cases, the system will calculate the percentage probability of the disease, thereby providing a more accurate early diagnosis. For example, if the selected symptoms are dry skin, neck enlargement, and shortness of breath, the system can give a 42% probability of a thyroid gland disorder.

Menopause is the phase where menstruation stops for a woman. Menopause is caused by the loss of function of the ovarian follicles and a decrease in estrogen levels in the blood circulation. The menopausal transition period can occur gradually, usually starting with changes in the menstrual cycle. This transition period is called perimenopause. Perimenopause can last several years and can affect physical, emotional, mental and social well-being. So physical and mental preparation is needed to face this transition period. The aim of this community service is to provide education about menopause and prepare mothers as early as possible to face the menopause period. This activity was carried out in Sungai Jernih Hamlet, RT 10, Bajubang District, Batanghari Regency. Educational activities are carried out using lecture and discussion methods using leaflet media. The results of this activity showed that there was an increase in the level of maternal knowledge in the good category in the pre-test from 4 respondents (21%) to 16 respondents (84.2%) in the post-test results. So it can be concluded that there is an increase in knowledge among mothers before and after being given education about preparations for facing menopause.

This study explores the relationship between mothers' knowledge of menopause and their personal readiness for this life stage at the Binjai Estate Health Center. Menopause, marked by the cessation of menstrual cycles, brings various physical and psychological changes. Adequate knowledge of menopause is essential for women to prepare both emotionally and physically for these changes. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, the study involved mothers aged 45-55 years who attended the health center. Data were collected through structured questionnaires that evaluated the participants' understanding of menopause, including its symptoms, stages, and health implications, alongside their readiness to face these changes. The results indicated a significant correlation between knowledge and readiness for menopause. Mothers with higher knowledge levels were more prepared, taking proactive steps to manage symptoms and seek healthcare. In contrast, those with less knowledge experienced greater anxiety and uncertainty about the menopausal transition. The study highlights the crucial role of educational programs in equipping women with the knowledge needed to navigate menopause effectively. Health centers, such as the Binjai Estate Health Center, are vital in providing this education and support, thereby enhancing women’s readiness for menopause and improving their overall well-being.    

Knowledge refers to a person's understanding or knowledge of a subject gained via experience or study. The definition of reproductive health is a condition of well-being in which people are neither ill or disabled and have access to reproductive health information, aid, and education. Good menstrual hygiene is essential for preventing pain and infection during the menstrual cycle. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of reproductive health knowledge of adolescent girls with menstrual hygiene behavior. This research method uses quantitative methods with a Cross Sectional approach, using a questionnaire with Simple Random Sampling data collection with a total of 61 respondents. The Chi Square test (P = 0.000 < ? = 0.05) indicates a significant link between teenage girls' reproductive health knowledge and menstrual hygiene behavior at SMP Negeri 5 Sukabumi City. H? is accepted while H0 is rejected. The absence of a significant relationship between reproductive health knowledge of adolescent girls and menstrual hygiene. This work has the potential to enhance school policy, increase knowledge about menstrual hygiene and reproductive health, benefit young women, and open up new avenues for future research.

The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the menstrual cycle in adolescents at STIKARA SINTANG. The menstrual cycle is a clinical sign of female reproductive function. Menstruation is a complex process involving several hormones, sexual organs, and the nervous system. Body mass index is very influential on menstrual disorders because if a person experiences certain hormonal changes which are marked by a marked decrease in body weight (underweight, BMI < 18.5). The test used was the Chi-square test so the results were (p=0.05, pvalue =0.015), meaning there was a significant relationship between BMI and the menstrual cycle.

Perimenopause is a transitional phase between premenopause and postmenopause. This phase is characterized by an irregular menstrual cycle with prolonged heavy menstrual bleeding and relatively large amounts of menstrual blood, sometimes accompanied by menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea). In certain women, vasomotor complaints and complaints of premenstrual syndrome have arisen (Baziat, Ali. 2020). The most common complaints include vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats, insomnia, fatigue and palpitations.

The Family Planning (KB) program is carried out in order to regulate the number of births or space births. Injectable contraception is one of the contraceptive methods that is widely used in Indonesia because it works effectively, is practical to use, is relatively cheap, and is safe. One of the ways injectable contraception works is to cause changes in the menstrual cycle to increase body weight which is the most frequently complained about by injectable contraceptive acceptors. Injection methods are divided into two types, namely 1-month injectable contraceptives and 3-month injectable contraceptives. 1-month contraceptive injection is a type of birth control injection that contains a combination of the hormone Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (progestin hormone) and Estradiol cypionate (estrogen hormone), and 3-month contraceptive injection is an injectable contraceptive containing the Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate hormone p (progestin hormone) with a volume of 150 mg. The aim of this study was to analyze differences in body weight among injectable contraceptive acceptors. This type of research uses analytical observational research methods. This research sample was taken using the Accidental Sampling technique with a sample size of 42 respondents. Analysis uses the sign difference test. The sign test results showed that there was a relationship between the use of injectable birth control (P < 0.05) and weight gain.

BACKGROUND The exact incidence of infertility is not yet known with certainty, it varies greatly depending on geographical conditions, culture and social status of the country. Women who marry at an old age or mature and work actively will greatly affect a woman's fertility. It is estimated that around 2 million new infertile couples appear every year and this number continues to increase. It is estimated that a healthy couple will get fertilized within 1 year (Nuparma, 2017). Infertility data in the world according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and other reports estimates that 8-12% of couples experience infertility problems during their reproductive years. If eight percent of the global population figure is around 60-80 million couples who have not had children. OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of primary infertility in couples of childbearing age at the Pegajahan Community Health Center, Pegajahan District, Serdang Bedagai District in 2023. METHOD chi square test p value < 0.05 means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, the statistical test results show a significant relationship. RESULTS: There is a significant relationship between age, menstrual cycle and no history of PMS and employment with the incidence of infertility and is a risk factor that has a significant influence on the incidence of infertility. Suggestions are given for research and for research sites and for educational institutions regarding exclusive breastfeeding and the implementation of IMD for newborn babies

Meinstruatiion iis a natural proceiss that occurs iin womein, nameily thei diischargei of blood physiiologiically and peiriiodiically from thei uteirus to thei vagiinal mucosa. Thei meinstrual cyclei iis thei peiriiod beitweiein thei fiirst day of onei peiriiod and thei fiirst day of thei neixt iinteirval. Onei of thei factors that can affeict thei meinstrual cyclei iis body mass iindeix. Thiis study aiims to deiteirmiinei thei reilatiionshiip beitweiein BMIi and meinstrual cyclei diisordeirs iin class 2019 feimalei studeints at thei Faculty of Meidiiciinei, Muhammadiiyah Uniiveirsiity, North Sumatra.Thiis typei of reiseiarch iis an obseirvatiional analytiic study wiith a cross-seictiional study deisiign. Thiis reiseiarch was conducteid on all feimalei studeints iin thei 2019 iintakei of thei Faculty of Meidiiciinei, Uniiveirsiity of Muhammadiiyah Sumatra. Data colleictiion useid a purposiivei sampliing teichniiquei wiith a total of 88 reispondeints. Baseid on thei reisults of thei correilatiion teist usiing thei Speiarman correilatiion, thei reilatiionshiip beitweiein BMIi and thei Meinstrual Cyclei obtaiineid a siigniifiicancei valuei of 0.023. At a correilatiion coeiffiiciieint of 0.242, or iincludeid iin thei low criiteiriia. Theirei iis a reilatiionshiip beitweiein BMIi and thei meinstrual cyclei as iindiicateid by a p-valuei <0.05.