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This study investigates the determinants of dividend payout policy in energy sector firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020–2024 period. Dividend policy is a critical issue in emerging markets, especially in capital-intensive industries with high investment needs and earnings volatility. The research examines whether profitability and ownership structure—specifically institutional and managerial ownership—significantly influence dividend payout decisions, considering firm characteristics. The study analyzes the effect of profitability, institutional ownership, and managerial ownership on the dividend payout ratio, while controlling for firm size and leverage. A quantitative approach is used, employing pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) regression on 245 firm-year observations. Dividend payout ratio is measured as dividend per share divided by earnings per share, profitability is proxied by return on equity, and ownership variables are expressed as shareholding proportions. Descriptive analysis and classical assumption tests precede hypothesis testing. The results show that profitability positively and significantly affects dividend payout, suggesting that firms with better financial performance tend to distribute higher dividends. Firm size also positively influences dividend policy, while leverage negatively impacts it, reflecting the role of financial capacity and capital structure. However, institutional and managerial ownership do not show significant effects on dividend payout decisions. The findings indicate that dividend policy in Indonesian energy firms is primarily driven by financial performance and structural characteristics rather than ownership-based governance mechanisms. This study offers sector-specific evidence that refines agency and signaling perspectives on dividend policy in emerging markets, with practical implications for managers, investors, and regulators.

This study aims to analyze the influence of working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership on the profitability of consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, while also examining company size as a moderating variable. The consumer goods sector, which has a large market potential in Indonesia, makes it essential to understand how these financial aspects affect company performance. Working capital management plays a crucial role in maintaining liquidity and operational efficiency, leverage determines the extent to which companies rely on debt financing, and institutional ownership reflects external monitoring that can drive managerial discipline. Company size is considered a moderating factor that could strengthen or weaken these relationships, especially in influencing profitability levels. Using a quantitative approach, the research findings reveal that each of the main variables—working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership—partially and significantly affects profitability. More specifically, company size is found to moderate the effect of leverage on profitability, indicating that larger firms may be better positioned to optimize debt usage compared to smaller firms. This study not only provides empirical evidence regarding financial determinants of profitability but also enriches the discussion on how moderating factors such as firm size can influence the dynamics of corporate financial performance. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including managers seeking to optimize financial policies, investors evaluating company performance, and academics or researchers interested in exploring further implications for corporate governance and financial strategy in emerging markets like Indonesia. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of managing financial variables strategically to sustain profitability in the highly competitive consumer goods industry.

This study aims to examine the effect of the implementation of good corporate governance and the competence of the board of directors in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2023. This study is a type of quantitative research using secondary data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the official website of each company. The sampling method used purposive sampling and obtained a sample of 12 companies with an observation period of 5 years so that the number of research samples was 57 data. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression using SPSS 27 software. Based on the results of the study, it was found that managerial ownership had an effect on financial performance. However, this study did not find any influence between the board it-related background variables and institutional ownership on financial performance.

This research aims to test and analyze the influence of GCG, CSR, nd green credit on bank financial performance. This research was conducted on four banking companies obtained based on purposive sampling techniques. This research uses secondary data originating from company financial reports. SPSS tools were used to assist in analyzing research data. The results of this study state that GCG with the proxy of independent commissioners has no effect on bank financial performance, while the proxies for managerial ownership and institutional ownership have an effect on financial performance. CSR has no effect on bank financial performance. Green credit influences bank financial performance. Green credit moderating variables can strengthen the relationship between independent commissioners and institutional ownership. In the relationship between managerial ownership and CSR, the moderating variable green credit is not able to strengthen its relationship with bank financial performance.

The purpose of the following research to see the effect GCG represented in managerial share ownership, institutional share ownership, commissioner size as well as independent commissioners on financial performance in companies with CSR as moderating. The following research is quantitative, the data needed is financial statements of manufacturing companies in bei 2020-2022. data used is secondary. Sampling process uses purposive sampling techniques to obtain sample of 34 companies. Data analysis techniques with multiple linear regression analysis and absolute difference value testing. The results illustrate that managerial ownership and institutional ownership have no significant effect on financial performance in the company, commissioner size has a positive and significant effect on financial performance in company and independent commissioners have a negative and significant effect on financial performance in  company. While in absolute difference value test with the results that csr has not been able to moderate the effect of managerial share ownership and institutional share ownership on financial performance in company, but csr can moderate the effect of commissioner size and independent commissioners on financial performance in company.

The phenomenon of the company's performance as happened to the banking company Citibank in March 2011. There was a burglary of funds by managers and tellers. The value of the stolen funds reached 17 billion. The suspect was a Citibank teller who abused Citibank's authority to manipulate data and transfer customer funds. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of independent commissioners, audit committees, and managerial ownership and institutional ownership simultaneously on financial performance.This type of research is quantitative research to determine the effect of corporate governance (Independent Commissioner, Audit Committee, Managerial Ownership, and Institutional Ownership) on financial performance. The population in this study is the population in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 year and the samples taken in this study are annual financial statements taken from each financial report of each company for 4 years, namely 2017-2020 at banking companies that listed on the IDX.The test results show that independent commissioners have an effect on financial performance with t count 4.622 > t table value 19971 and significant 0.000 <0.05. The audit committee has no effect on financial performance with t count 1.571 < t table value 29971 and significant 0.121 > 0.05. Managerial ownership has no effect on financial performance with t count 0.326 < t table value 19971 and significant 0.267 < 0.05. Constitutional ownership has an effect on financial performance with t count 3,571 > t table value 19971 and significant 0.001 < 0.05. The results show that independent commissioners, audit committees, managerial ownership and institutional ownership simultaneously have an influence on financial performance with an F count of 16,662 with a significance level of 0.000, because the probability is much smaller than 0.05.   Keywords: