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This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on debt policy in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2024 period. The independent variables in this study include profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA); sales growth (SG); and liquidity, measured by the Current Ratio (CR). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is debt policy, measured by the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a quantitative approach, employing multiple linear regression analysis. The sample comprises 174 observational data points collected using purposive sampling. Testing was conducted using SPSS software, which includes the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, the simultaneous test (F test), and the partial test (t test). The results show that profitability, sales growth, and liquidity simultaneously significantly affect debt policy. Partially, profitability tends to be positive, sales growth tends to be negative but not significant with respect to debt policy, while liquidity has a simultaneous negative effect. Of the four hypotheses proposed, two were accepted, and two were rejected because the direction of the influence did not match the initial assumption, and the significance value was more than 0.05.

This research aims to determine whether there is an influence between company size, liquidity, debt policy and tax planning on company value partially and simultaneously in transportation companies listed on the BEI for the 2020-2023 period. This research uses a quantitative causal comparative method. The sample in this research used a purposive sampling method and obtained 13 companies. This research uses secondary data. The analysis technique in this research uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of this study show that company size, liquidity and debt policy partially have a significant effect on company value, while tax planning partially has no significant effect on company value. Simultaneously company size. liquidity, debt policy and tax planning have a significant effect on company value.

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity (CR) and profitability (ROA)  on debt policy (DER) in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a population of 84 in 2019-2022. The sampling method in this study used a purposive sampling technique so that a sample of 31 companies was obtained. This research is an associative quantitative research. The population in this study is the entire financial statements of the food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 – 2022. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be seen that the variables of profitability and liquidity partially have a negative and significant effect on debt policy. Simultaneously the variables of profitability and liquidity and sales growth have a positive and significant effect on debt policy