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Indonesia is a country with high lightning strike intensity, making lightning protection systems critically important, especially for public infrastructure such as Light Rail Transit (LRT). This research aims to analyze the lightning protection system implemented in the Jakarta LRT Phase 1B Project, particularly in the station areas and railway lines. The methods used include field observation, literature study, interviews, and technical analysis using the rolling sphere method, protective angle method, and mesh method to determine the coverage of protected areas. In addition, an evaluation of the grounding system was conducted to ensure the safe discharge of lightning currents into the earth. The analysis results show that the lightning protection system applied complies with PUIPP and IEC 62305-1 standards and is capable of protecting signaling and telecommunication equipment from lightning risks. The combination of the three protection methods provides comprehensive coverage for LRT structures. The grounding system design also meets the standard resistance requirement (< 5 Ohms), ensuring operational safety and protecting critical equipment. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of integrating lightning protection with other safety systems such as fire protection and electrical surge protection, as lightning can cause cascading failures that disrupt railway operations. Proper maintenance and periodic testing of grounding resistance are also necessary to ensure long-term reliability. In addition, the Faraday cage principle applied to train cars contributes to passenger safety by preventing lightning currents from penetrating the cabin interior. This research is expected to serve as a reference for developing lightning protection systems in similar infrastructure projects, especially in regions with high lightning density. By applying international standards and comprehensive protection methods, the Jakarta LRT demonstrates how modern urban transportation can operate safely despite extreme weather risks.

Traffic congestion in Jakarta has become a serious problem, affecting various aspects of life, such as time efficiency, environmental quality, and economic productivity. As one solution to overcome this problem, the Jakarta government is developing a mass public transportation system, including the Light Rail Transit (LRT). The LRT is expected to reduce congestion by providing a more efficient and environmentally friendly transportation alternative. In the process of planning and optimizing the LRT system, discrete mathematics, particularly graph theory, plays a very important role. Graph theory is used to model the LRT station network and track, with vertices representing stations and edges representing connecting lines between stations. With this model, various analyses can be performed to optimize the LRT line, such as finding the shortest path between two stations or evaluating the connectivity between existing stations. The use of graph theory allows the identification of more efficient routes, resulting in faster travel and reduced passenger waiting times. In addition, graph theory also plays a role in optimizing the LRT route by minimizing the number of transfers between stations or avoiding passenger congestion at certain stations. With proper route and network optimization, the LRT can make a significant contribution to reducing traffic congestion in Jakarta. Furthermore, the development of an efficient public transportation system also supports improved air quality and reduces reliance on private vehicles. Overall, the application of graph theory in LRT system planning is a strategic step towards creating more efficient and sustainable transportation in large cities like Jakarta. Beyond route optimization, graph theory is also very useful in analyzing route capacity and passenger distribution along the LRT system.

The quality of Light Rail Transit (LRT) services in Pegangsaan Dua - Velodrome is the result of efforts by the Jakarta Provincial Government and LRT Jakarta to improve public transportation services in Jakarta. The development of LRT Jakarta began with the increasing demand from the community for safe, comfortable, and efficient transportation access. In the process of developing LRT, a service quality analysis is carried out to determine the extent to which LRT can meet the needs of the community and measure user satisfaction levels. This analysis is carried out using various methods such as user satisfaction surveys, direct observation, and analysis of LRT usage data. From the results of this analysis, it is expected that solutions can be found to improve the quality of LRT services so that they can meet the increasing needs and satisfaction of users.