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Latar Belakang: Kekurangan Energi KRONIS (KEK) pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah gizi yang berdampak terhadap kesehatan ibu dan janin. KEK meningkatkan risiko terjadinya komplikasi kehamilan, persalinan, serta bayi berat lahir rendah. Data di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bojonggambir menunjukkan masih tingginya jumlah ibu hamil dengan KEK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bojonggambir Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang tercatat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bojonggambir, dengan sampel sebanyak 82 responden yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel independen meliputi usia, pendidikan, pengetahuan, paritas, dan pola konsumsi, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah kejadian KEK yang diukur menggunakan Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara usia, pendidikan, pengetahuan, paritas, dan pola konsumsi dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil. Faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan KEK adalah pola konsumsi. Ibu hamil dengan pola konsumsi yang kurang baik memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami KEK dibandingkan dengan ibu yang memiliki pola konsumsi baik. Simpulan: Penelitian ini adalah kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia, pendidikan, pengetahuan, paritas, dan pola konsumsi, dengan pola konsumsi sebagai faktor dominan. Diperlukan upaya promotif dan preventif melalui edukasi gizi dan pemantauan status gizi secara rutin untuk menurunkan kejadian KEK.

Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) pada ibu hamil merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi pada ibu dan janin. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu dan keluarga mengenai gizi selama kehamilan menjadi salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya KEK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan asuhan kebidanan komunitas pada keluarga Tn. “S”, khususnya Ny. “B” dengan masalah KEK di Desa Pemenang Timur, Kecamatan Pemenang, Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus deskriptif dengan pendekatan asuhan kebidanan yang meliputi pengkajian, diagnosis, intervensi, implementasi, evaluasi, dan catatan perkembangan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, dan dokumentasi. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa Ny. “B” usia kehamilan 28–29 minggu mengalami KEK dengan Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) 21 cm, berat badan 49 kg, serta kurangnya pengetahuan tentang gizi ibu hamil. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa edukasi mengenai KEK, gizi seimbang, konsumsi makanan tambahan, tablet tambah darah, dan istirahat yang cukup. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan ibu dan keluarga serta perbaikan status gizi ibu yang ditandai dengan peningkatan berat badan menjadi 53 kg dan LILA menjadi 24 cm. Asuhan kebidanan komunitas yang diberikan efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman keluarga dan membantu perbaikan status gizi ibu hamil dengan KEK.

Health program planning is an essential process in improving public health status through a systematic and data-driven approach. This study aimed to analyze health program planning based on situational analysis and the problem solving cycle (PSC), as well as to identify the root causes of problems using the fishbone approach. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method supported by simple quantitative data. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving purposively selected informants. The results of the situational analysis identified several major health problems, including stunting, low posyandu attendance, and limited maternal knowledge regarding nutrition. Priority setting using the USG method determined stunting as the main health issue. Furthermore, root cause analysis using a fishbone diagram revealed that stunting was influenced by various factors related to man, machine, method, material, environment, money, and management. The application of the problem solving cycle facilitated systematic intervention planning, including nutrition education, community empowerment, and child growth monitoring. Program implementation demonstrated improvements in maternal knowledge and posyandu attendance. In conclusion, health program planning based on situational analysis, fishbone analysis, and the problem solving cycle proved effective in producing targeted and sustainable interventions.

Health program planning is an essential process in improving public health status through a systematic and data-driven approach. This study aimed to analyze health program planning based on situational analysis and the problem solving cycle (PSC), as well as to identify the root causes of problems using the fishbone approach. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method supported by simple quantitative data. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving purposively selected informants. The results of the situational analysis identified several major health problems, including stunting, low posyandu attendance, and limited maternal knowledge regarding nutrition. Priority setting using the USG method determined stunting as the main health issue. Furthermore, root cause analysis using a fishbone diagram revealed that stunting was influenced by various factors related to man, machine, method, material, environment, money, and management. The application of the problem solving cycle facilitated systematic intervention planning, including nutrition education, community empowerment, and child growth monitoring. Program implementation demonstrated improvements in maternal knowledge and posyandu attendance. In conclusion, health program planning based on situational analysis, fishbone analysis, and the problem solving cycle proved effective in producing targeted and sustainable interventions.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the key pillars of the rural economy, including in Karangkuten Village. Although they exist in significant numbers and possess considerable economic potential, most rural MSMEs still face various limitations in the marketing aspect, particularly in utilizing rapidly developing digital media. This Community Service Program (KKN) of the Faculty of Economics aims to support the digitalization process of MSMEs through the creation of engaging promotional videos integrated with the official website of Karangkuten Village. The implementation method of this program includes stages of socialization for MSME actors, video recording in six hamlets, a systematic editing process, as well as uploading and handing over the results to the village government. The results of the activity indicate that this program successfully produced MSME promotional video content that is not only engaging and informative but also suitable for publication on the village website as a digital promotional medium. In addition to increasing the visibility and branding of MSMEs, this program also contributes to strengthening the image of Karangkuten Village as a culinary village and a center for innovative creative MSMEs. This program is expected to provide long-term impacts in improving the competitiveness of MSMEs and encouraging sustainable and inclusive rural economic growth.

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women remains a health problem in Indonesia, including in Sleman District. CED can be overcome through the provision of supplementary foods (PMT) based on local foods that are high in energy and protein. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of local PMT on upper arm circumference (UAC) in pregnant women with CED. The study design used an analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling, involving 47 pregnant women with CEM who received local PMT for at least 90 days in 2024 at the Cangkringan and Sleman Community Health Centers. The secondary data in this study were the results of LILA measurements before and after the provision of local PMT. The Wilcoxon Signed Test was used to analyze the difference in LILA. The results showed that the median LILA before PMT administration was 22 cm and after PMT administration was 23.6 cm, with an increase of 1.6 cm. There was a significant difference between LILA before and after local PMT administration (p = 0.000). After local PMT administration, 51.06% of pregnant women had LILA > 23.5 cm. It is hoped that further research can explore the intake of pregnant women with KEK during local PMT administration as additional data to examine the effectiveness of local PMT on LILA in pregnant women with KEK.

This study examines the role of mathematics learning in improving logical thinking skills in early childhood. The background of this study is based on the importance of logical thinking skills as a foundation for children's cognitive development, which can begin at an early age through appropriate mathematics learning. The purpose of this study is to analyze how mathematics learning can stimulate the development of logical thinking in early childhood and explore effective learning strategies. The methods used are library research and observation of several models of mathematics learning for early childhood in early childhood education institutions. The findings indicate that fun and concrete activity-based mathematics learning can improve children's abilities in critical thinking, constructing patterns, drawing conclusions, and solving simple problems. The implications of this study emphasize the need for the application of creative and interactive mathematics learning methods to support the development of logical thinking from an early age, while also encouraging educators to integrate mathematics into children's daily activities. This study also recommends the development of learning media appropriate to children's developmental stages for optimal results.

Profil baja IWF (Instrument Wide Flange) merupakan elemen struktur yang banyak digunakan pada bangunan industri karena kemudahan dalam pemasangan dan fleksibilitasnya. Namun, kondisi lingkungan ekstrem seperti genangan air dengan pH asam maupun basa dapat mempercepat proses demineralisasi (korosi) pada baja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi laju kehilangan unsur Fe dari profil baja IWF akibat perendaman dalam larutan dengan pH ekstrem, serta menyusun model matematis yang menggambarkan proses demineralisasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji laboratorium dengan perendaman potongan baja dalam larutan pH 4, 7, dan 10 selama 72 jam, dilanjutkan dengan uji TDS, ORP, dan morfologi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada pH 4, terjadi demineralisasi Fe tertinggi sebesar 16,167 mg dengan rata-rata ORP sebesar 195,5 mV dan TDS 732,55 ppm. Berdasarkan data tersebut, dibentuk model matematis diferensial untuk memprediksi laju demineralisasi. Disarankan penggunaan pelapis (coating) yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan umur pakai struktur baja.

This study aims to analyze the change in word choice in Indonesian children's songs from the classical to modern times as a reflection of the shift in the social environment in the digital era. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a content analysis method on eight children's songs, consisting of four classic songs by A. T. Mahmud and four popular modern songs on digital platforms such as YouTube. The results showed that classical songs highlight concrete and local vocabulary that describe children's closeness to nature, family, and moral values, while modern songs are dominated by global, repetitive, and phonetic vocabulary that reflect the influence of globalization and the digital lifestyle of today's children. In addition, modern songs tend to contain simple expressions that are easy to remember, but have minimal educational value compared to classical songs that are more loaded with moral messages. This shift shows that the language in children's songs not only serves as a medium of entertainment, but also reflects the changing social and cultural values of Indonesian society. Therefore, the study of children's song language is important to understand the dynamics of popular cultural development that affects the process of character formation of the younger generation.

The first 1000 days are often referred to as the window of opportunities or the golden period, based on the fact that from the fetal stage to the age of two years, there is a period of rapid growth and development that does not occur in other age groups. Meeting nutritional needs during the first 1000 days of a child's life is very important. This study analyzes the relationship between food taboos and LILA in pregnant women with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 1-24 months in the working area of the Biromaru Community Health Center in Sigi Regency. The research design used was a case-control study. The independent variables in this study were food taboos and maternal weight during pregnancy. The dependent variable was stunting in children aged 1-24 months. The population in this study consisted of all mothers who had children with stunting, totaling 32 people. The results of the study show that of the 16 stunted respondents, 11 (34.4%) respondents had food taboos and 5 (15.6%) respondents did not have food taboos. Then, out of 16 non-stunted respondents, 4 (12.5%) respondents had food taboos and 12 (37.5%) respondents did not have food taboos. Meanwhile, out of 16 stunted respondents, 10 (31.3%) respondents had KEK and 6 (18.76%) respondents did not have KEK. Then, of the 16 respondents who were not stunted, 3 (9.4%) respondents had KEK and 13 (40.6%) respondents did not have KEK. There is a relationship between food taboos and the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-24 months (p = 0.001), as well as a relationship between maternal height during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-24 months (p = 0.01). It is hoped that the Biromaru Community Health Center will increase routine visits and provide education and counseling for mothers and infants.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) can be a measure of a country's welfare in determining the optimal degree of health. The maternal mortality rate in the world is 303 thousand people (WHO 2023). MMR in Indonesia was 4,129 people in 2023. Meanwhile, the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in the world is 29,945 people (WHO, 2023). In Indonesia, there were 16.85 infant mortality rates in 2023. SEZ is a nutritional deficiency in pregnant women that lasts for several months or years. SEZ conditions can indirectly cause MMR and IMR. SEZ in pregnant women can cause complications such as IUGR, Abortion, LBW, Circulation, Anemia, Bleeding, and Childbirth complications. Research Objective: Providing Comprehensive Midwifery Care in accordance with midwifery care standards starting from pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, newborn, and family planning in Mrs. A 22 years old with Chronic Energy Deficiency (SEZ) and Chepalo Pelvic Disproportion (CPD) with a midwifery management approach according to Varney and SOAP. Research Methods: Descriptive Qualitative with Case Study approach Results: Comprehensive Midwifery Care on Mrs. A aged 22 years with SEZ can be overcome by an increase in LILA, there is a CPD so that SC delivery is performed and appropriate case management is carried out so that labor, newborn, postpartum period, and family planning goes well. Conclusion: The results of the comprehensive care given to Mrs. A 22 years old with Chronic Energy Deficiency (SEZ) can be resolved marked by an increase in LILA, SC delivery on indications of CPD, normal LBW, normal postpartum, and mini pill birth control.

The problem of organic waste remains a serious issue in Indonesia, including in rural areas. Jatitamban Village, Bondowoso Regency, faces similar challenges due to household waste and residual by-products from local small enterprises producing tape and cassava chips, which are not yet optimally managed. The Community Service Program (KKN) of the University of Jember implemented an initiative to empower village youth through maggot cultivation as an environmentally friendly and economically valuable solution for organic waste management. This study employed a Community-Based Research (CBR) approach by engaging local youth as active partners in every stage of the program, including observation, planning, socialization, technical training, workshops, and monitoring. The results indicate that Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot cultivation serves as an effective strategy to reduce the volume of organic waste while producing value-added products such as alternative animal feed and organic fertilizer. The involvement of youth not only enhanced their knowledge and skills but also fostered environmental awareness and created new entrepreneurial opportunities. Furthermore, the program successfully established a solid and independent youth group capable of sustainably managing organic waste through maggot cultivation practices. The implications of this program extend beyond environmental improvement to promoting village economic independence through the utilization of organic waste. Therefore, youth empowerment through maggot cultivation can serve as a strategic model for sustainable waste management as well as strengthening community capacity in rural areas.

Background: Pregnant women with poor nutritional status are at risk of experiencing low breast milk production, which in turn can affect the fulfillment of infant nutrition from an early age. Suboptimal breast milk production impacts the growth and development of infants and has the potential to increase the incidence of malnutrition. Based on preliminary data in the Siti Hajar Room of Sultan Hadlirin Islamic Hospital, Jepara, it was found that several postpartum mothers experienced delayed breast milk production with a history of malnutrition. This condition shows the importance of maternal nutritional status during pregnancy as a factor that directly influences lactation. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and postpartum breast milk production in the Siti Hajar Room of Sultan Hadlirin Islamic Hospital, Jepara. Method: The study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling technique. A total of 30 postpartum mothers were selected as respondents. The independent variable consisted of the nutritional status of pregnant women as measured by Body Mass Index (BMI), Upper Arm Circumference (LILA), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. The dependent variable was postpartum breast milk production as observed clinically. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The results of the study showed a significant relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and breast milk production. Statistical tests found that BMI (p = 0.018), LiLA (p = 0.027), and Hb levels (p = 0.006) had a significant association with the adequacy of breast milk production. Conclusion: The nutritional status of pregnant women was proven to be closely related to postpartum breast milk production. Mothers with good nutritional status tend to produce sufficient breast milk production. This finding emphasizes the need for routine nutritional monitoring of pregnant women and nutritional education during pregnancy to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding.

The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the influence of digital transaction methods on the control mechanisms of cash revenue at the Grand Hyatt Bali Hotel. The study applies a qualitative descriptive design, where information is gathered through interviews, field observations, and the review of supporting documents, including transcripts of discussions. The findings reveal that digital payments at the Grand Hyatt Bali provide convenience to guests in conducting transactions such as transaction speed, recording accuracy, and ease in the verification process. However, the use of digital payments also has a negative impact where digital cash receipts are recorded in the accounts receivable section requiring many supporting documents making it appear less optimal and less functional and highly dependent on the availability and stability of the internet network connection. From an internal control perspective, digital payments help improve transparency and accuracy in cash recording processes. The risk of miscalculations or data manipulation is reduced because transaction evidence is readily available digitally, in the form of sales slips, system notifications, and account statements. The mechanism of internal supervision regarding cash inflows at Grand Hyatt Bali Hotel based on COSO consists of several components, namely the organizational climate, monitoring practices, hazard analysis, exchange of insights and knowledge, and supervision. Overall, the implementation of internal controls has been carried out by all staff, however, the implementation is still not optimal related to the collection of documents that are still late, this is caused by staff knowledge about the documents required when digital payments are still not executed according to the procedures outlined in the SOP.

This study aims to examine the effect of changes in tax rates, understanding of tax regulations, and tax awareness on the compliance of UMKM taxpayers. This research employs a survey approach with data collection via questionnaires from respondents who are UMKM taxpayers within the jurisdiction of KPP Pratama Sukoharjo. This study uses a sample of 100 determined using the Slovin formula. The data is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS software. The t-test results indicate that all three independent variables have a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance, with the calculated t-values being greater than the t-table value (1.984) and the significance value below 0.05. This research proves that changes in tax rates, understanding of tax regulations, and tax awareness affect the compliance of UMKM taxpayers.

The analysis in this study aims to evaluate the influence of Restaurant Tax, Parking Tax, and Groundwater Tax on the Regional Original Revenue (PAD) of Wonogiri Regency. A quantitative method was applied in this research, utilizing historical data collected from the Regional Financial Management Agency (BPKD) of Wonogiri Regency for the 2020–2024 period. The results indicate that the Restaurant Tax does not have a significant effect on PAD, with a significance value of 0.204. In contrast, both the Parking Tax and Groundwater Tax have a positive and significant impact on PAD, with significance values of 0.001 and 0.007, respectively. These findings suggest that although the number of restaurants has increased, the demand for restaurant services has not kept pace. Meanwhile, the growth in motor vehicle numbers and public awareness of groundwater tax obligations have contributed to the increase in PAD. This study recommends enhancing the effectiveness of tax management and improving public outreach regarding tax obligations by the local government.

This research is carried out to study the types and meanings of compound words found in Kendrick Lamar’s song lyrics on the GNX album. The main goal is to identify how the compound words are formed and to understand their meanings. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The theory from McCarthy (2002) is used to group the compound words into three types: noun compounds, verb compounds, and adjective compounds. To analyze the meanings, the study uses Booij’s (2007) theory, which explains two kinds of meaning in compounds: endocentric and exocentric. The data for this research are taken from all twelve songs on the album. The results show that the lyrics include all three types of compound words. The meanings found in the compounds include both endocentric and exocentric types. These findings are explained using simple written descriptions to give a clear understanding of the compounds found in the lyrics. The analysis shows that the lyrics contain many uncommon compound words, which shows the use of creative and modern language.

Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) pada ibu hamil ditandai dengan lingkar lengan atas (LILA) kurang dari 23,5 cm dan berisiko menyebabkan komplikasi kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas bubur kacang hijau dalam meningkatkan LILA pada ibu hamil dengan KEK. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus kualitatif pada satu subjek, Ny. L, usia 33 tahun, dengan usia kehamilan 18+6 minggu. Intervensi dilakukan dengan pemberian bubur kacang hijau sebanyak 200 ml dua kali sehari selama 10 hari. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan LILA dari 22 cm menjadi 23 cm. Bubur kacang hijau yang kaya protein, asam folat, vitamin, dan mineral terbukti efektif meningkatkan status gizi ibu hamil. Intervensi ini dapat dijadikan terapi komplementer dalam penanganan KEK.    

Background: Maternal nutritional status plays a crucial role in determining both maternal and neonatal health outcomes. According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2021), the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women reached 48.9%, while in Gorontalo Province, around 30% experienced malnutrition. Poor nutritional status during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of complications, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and higher maternal and neonatal mortality rates. Therefore, nutrition education is considered an essential strategy to enhance knowledge and promote adequate dietary intake among pregnant women.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education in improving the knowledge and nutritional status of pregnant women at the South Bulango Community Health Center. Methods: A quantitative study with a pre-experimental design was conducted involving 30 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria included women aged 18–35 years, free from severe comorbidities, and willing to participate. Data were collected using questionnaires to assess nutritional knowledge, interviews to explore dietary patterns, and anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test to assess differences before and after the intervention. Results: Most participants were aged 20–35 years (66.6%), had secondary education (63.3%), and were housewives (60%). Post-intervention results showed a substantial increase in good nutritional knowledge from 13.3% to 60%. Nutritional status also improved progressively across trimesters, with normal MUAC increasing from 33.3% to 60%, while undernutrition declined from 50% to 13.3%. The Wilcoxon test indicated a significant difference (p = 0.000; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Nutrition education effectively enhances both knowledge and nutritional status among pregnant women and should be integrated into routine antenatal care services.

 Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat dan mengevaluasi asuhan kebidanan yang diberikan kepada Ny. K, seorang ibu hamil 27 minggu di Desa Mantang, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Ibu tersebut memiliki riwayat kehamilan tiga kali dan persalinan tiga kali. Meskipun kondisi kehamilannya normal, ia mengalami Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK), yang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan ibu dan janin. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) berupa biskuit selama dua minggu sebagai upaya untuk memperbaiki status gizi ibu. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan Lingkar Lengan Atas (LiLA) setelah intervensi, yang mengindikasikan adanya perbaikan status gizi ibu hamil. Peningkatan ini membuktikan bahwa pemberian suplemen gizi yang tepat dapat berkontribusi dalam mengatasi KEK pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pemantauan status gizi ibu hamil serta pemberian intervensi yang sesuai untuk mencegah dampak negatif KEK terhadap kesehatan ibu dan janin. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi bagi tenaga kesehatan dalam memberikan asuhan kebidanan yang lebih optimal bagi ibu hamil dengan kondisi serupa.