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Suffering is a condition where a person experiences pain or difficulty in living their life. Paul's words about "fulfilling what was lacking in Christ's suffering" raise the question that whether Christ's suffering on the cross was incomplete? And it is as if Christ's suffering was ineffective and limited so that redemption had to be completed or completed through Paul's suffering. However, Christ's suffering on the Cross was perfect, sufficient to atone for human sins and did not need to be fulfilled again. The thing that needs to be accomplished or fulfilled is suffering for the sake of preaching the Gospel, about Christ who was incarnated as a human, died as a ransom sacrifice and was resurrected from the dead. So everyone can know God through His power and resurrection. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The purpose of this study is first to "deliver a theological answer regarding the meaning of "filling up in my flesh what is lacking in the sufferings of Christ" Second, to provide an important meaning that every believer must truly live in Christ, because the perfect redemption of Jesus Christ has been done to save mankind. The final result of the study on Colossians 1:24 provides the meaning that every believer is called to fill up what is lacking in the sufferings of Christ, namely, the suffering related to the challenges of preaching the gospel. Like Paul who was never free from suffering when preaching the gospel, but Paul remained joyful, and continued to preach the gospel. Likewise, we as believers should follow Paul's example so that the gospel can be spread throughout the face of the earth.

Colossians 3:5-10 is a verse that describes the life of a new human person who has adapted and accepted Christ as Lord and loves himself. Based on Paul's opinion to the Colossian congregation, when the Colossian congregation became new people, they had to put away all their old lives, namely living in sin. But there are still those who have not fully lived in the new life. Likewise, the life of mankind, when they have been reborn into new humans, has not completely evolved from the old life. Still committing sins and old habits like humans live in modern times which always prioritize physical, visible, temporary and popular things. On the other hand, Christians also ignore the true self, the spiritual self, the invisible, the eternal and the hidden. By writing this article, the aim is to invite and encourage Christians to adapt seriously and live in holiness that is continually renewed in the image of God's Creator. The method used by the author is a literature research study method using book sources.

In modern society, many families face challenges such as conflict and divorce, so an understanding of healthy family relationships is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of family harmony in the perspective of Colossians, as well as how this teaching can be applied in everyday life. The methodology used is a descriptive qualitative approach with an analysis of the scriptural text, specifically Colossians 3:18-21, to draw the theological meaning of Paul's teaching on roles and responsibilities in the family. The main results of the study show that family harmony is characterized by love, mutual respect, and obedience in a spiritual context. Emphasis on the reciprocal relationship between husband and wife, as well as positive parenting between parents and children, is key to creating a healthy family environment. In conclusion, applying the values found in Colossians can help families face the challenges of modern times and create more harmonious and equitable relationships.

In the article titled "Mandok Hata on New Year's Eve: Reflecting on the Meaning of Forgiveness in Batak Culture and Christian Teachings (Colossians 3:13)", the author uses a qualitative approach through the analysis of literature related to Mandok Hata and forgiveness. The Mandok Hata ritual on New Year’s Eve reflects spiritual and social values, where the Batak Toba community apologizes to each other, strengthens family ties, and creates an atmosphere of reconciliation. The author asserts that forgiveness in Christian teaching, as an unconditional gift of God, is internalized in this practice. This article shows that forgiveness and Mandok Hata are complementary, encouraging social and spiritual harmony, as well as starting the new year with a clean and loving heart.

Filsafat mengambil bagian penting dalam rasio manusia ribuan tahun yang lalu  dalam sejarah manusia. Dalam perjalanan pelayanan rasul  Paulus filsafat merupakan tantangan yang diperhadapkan dalam pelayanannya di tengah-tengah jemaat kolose. Mencampur baurkan filsafat yang kosong dan palsu terhadap ajaran rasul tentang yesus kristus adalah sebuah problematika iman yang harus segera dicegah supaya iman orang Kristen di kolose tidak tergoncangkan terhadap injil yesus kristus.  Untuk menyelidiki permasalahan ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan eksegese dan library research. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memastikan ajaran filsafat yang beredar pada masa Paulus ketika pelayanan di kolose, serta maknanya bagi orang percaya masa kini. Hasil yang di dapatkan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pandangan para ahli mengenai filsafat yang kosong dan palsu dalam jemaat kolose. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menyadarkan iman orang percaya terhadap ajaran filsafat yang beredar dizaman sekarang ini.