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Generation Z in Indonesia is increasingly interested in investment, particularly in mutual funds, but still faces challenges such as low financial literacy and a lack of understanding of investment risks. This study aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy, income, and investment risk on mutual fund investment decisions among Generation Z registered with the Indonesian Central Securities Depository (KSEI). This research employs a quantitative descriptive method with a causal approach to examine the cause-and-effect relationship between independent variables (financial literacy, income, and investment risk) and the dependent variable (mutual fund investment decisions). The study population consists of Generation Z investors who invest through KSEI, with a sample of 100 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique, specifically purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires as the primary instrument, supplemented by secondary data from journals, books, and other sources. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29. The research results show that financial literacy, income, and investment risk have a positive and significant influence on mutual fund investment decisions among Generation Z registered with the Kustodian Sentral Efek Indonesia (KSEI).

This study explores the role of Sharia-compliant crowdfunding platforms as ethical financial innovations in supporting green startups, particularly in emerging economies. Green startups, which are inherently mission-driven and environmentally conscious, often face challenges in accessing traditional funding due to the long-term nature of their returns and perceived investment risks. Conventional financing mechanisms are frequently profit-oriented and risk-averse, making them unsuitable for ventures that prioritize sustainability and community impact. In contrast, Sharia-compliant crowdfunding platforms offer alternative financing pathways that are grounded in Islamic ethical principles, such as profit-and-loss sharing and the prohibition of interest and speculation. The research uses a qualitative-comparative case study approach, drawing from secondary data and interviews with platform operators and green startup founders. Thematic and comparative analyses reveal that Sharia crowdfunding platforms not only attract ethically motivated investors but also foster trust, transparency, and alignment with the values of environmentally conscious communities. These platforms provide higher levels of ethical accountability, although they are currently limited by low public literacy and a lack of regulatory frameworks in many regions. The study concludes that Sharia-compliant crowdfunding platforms have significant potential to bridge the financing gap for green startups. Their success depends on collaborative support from government, financial institutions, and academia, along with increased efforts in education and regulatory development. By integrating religious ethics and sustainable finance, these platforms can help create inclusive, transparent, and socially responsible funding ecosystems that contribute meaningfully to green economic growth.

This research applies the Monte Carlo simulation method to predict the movement of Apple Inc.'s stock price over a long period of time. Using historical data of Apple's stock price from 12 December 1980 to 24 March 2022, this study aims to generate a probability distribution of the future stock price. The method involves several steps, including data collection, log return calculation, parameter estimation, and simulation of the stock price path through random iterations based on the log return distribution. The simulation results show that the closing price of Apple stock can be predicted by following the historical trend, although there are differences with the real data due to the stochastic nature of the Monte Carlo technique. This research also applies a variance reduction method to improve simulation efficiency. The findings provide a valuable perspective for investors and financial analysts in identifying investment risks and opportunities through an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of stock price movements using Monte Carlo simulation. Suggestions for future research include the use of VaR methods with historical variance and covariance approaches, as well as considering longer data periods and more stock indices for more comprehensive results.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gold price fluctuations, promotions, and manual gold investment risks on public interest in gold savings products at PT Pegadaian UPC Purwosari (Study on Communities in Purwosari District). This type of research is a quantitative research. The population in this study is the community in Purwosari District. The sample in this study amounted to 400 respondents and the sampling technique used purposive sampling with several criteria for respondents who lived in Purwosari District, were not yet customers and did not have a gold savings product at PT Pegadaian UPC Purwosari, and were over 17 years old. Source of data in this study is sourced from primary data. Data collection techniques used by distributing questionnaires. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that fluctuations in the price of gold have a positive but not significant effect on people's interest in gold savings products, promotions have a positive but not significant effect on people's interest in gold savings products, and investment risk has a positive and significant effect on people's interest in gold savings products. Fluctuations in gold prices, promotions, and investment risks affect people's interest in gold savings products.