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Snail Gong-gong (Strombus Turturella) is a typical food of the people of Riau Islands. The processed food produces the waste of a well-utilized shell. The main composition of the gong-gong slug is calcium carbonate (CaCO3). With the content of calcium, the waste shell of gong-gong can be used as raw material for the preparation of pharmaceutical preparations such as suction tablets. This study aims to obtain the formulation of a lozenges from the waste of gong-gong shell with good physical properties. A lozenges is made by a method of wet granulation in three formulas with variations in the concentrations of the case of the F1 gong-gong 15%, F2 30%, and F3 45%. The granules and tablets are evaluated. The results of the granule evaluation showed that the granule produced from the three formulas has fulfilled the requirements, the results of the tablet evaluation showed on organoleptic test, size uniformity, hardness, disintegration time of all three formulas have fulfilled good lozenges requirements. While the weight uniformity of F1 is not eligible, the friability test F1 and F2 are not eligible. The results of this study showed that the gong-gong snail shells can be formulated into a lozenges and have good physical properties.

This research explores the utilization of virtual reality (VR) in educational settings and examines current trends, future directions, benefits, and challenges associated with its implementation. The purpose of this library research is to provide an overview of the existing literature on VR and educational research, highlighting the potential of VR technology to enhance traditional teaching methods and improve student engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. The method used for this research is a comprehensive review and analysis of relevant scholarly articles, books, and reports from academic databases and libraries. The results indicate that VR has been utilized in educational research to create immersive and interactive learning experiences, personalize instruction, bridge the gap between abstract concepts and concrete understanding, and foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills. VR also presents challenges such as cost, accessibility, curriculum integration, teacher training, technical limitations, health and safety concerns, privacy, and ethics. However, the research concludes that with careful planning, adequate resources, and proper support, VR has the potential to revolutionize education and prepare students for a technologically advanced future. Further research and innovation in areas such as immersion, AI integration, collaboration, assessment, accessibility, and ethics are recommended to fully leverage the benefits of VR in educational settings.