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Awig-Awig (traditional customary law) is a form of written customary law that exists and continues to develop within indigenous communities, particularly in Bali and Lombok. As part of Indonesia's pluralistic legal system, Awig-Awig plays a significant role in regulating social order, maintaining harmony, governing inter-community relations, and preserving local cultural and religious values. This study aims to examine the existence of Awig-Awig as a binding source of law within indigenous communities, as well as to analyze its relationship with the national legal system. The methods used in this research include juridical-normative and sociological approaches, supported by case studies conducted in several indigenous villages in Bali and Lombok. The results show that Awig-Awig remains highly relevant, respected, and effectively implemented as a community guideline. However, harmonization with state law is necessary to prevent potential norm conflicts and ensure legal certainty. These findings highlight the importance of formal recognition, protection, and integration of customary law within Indonesia’s national legal framework.

In an effort to understand the richness of local culture that continues to survive amid the tides of changing times, this study examines the philosophical meaning of the traditional expression Panjang Tong Dipotong, Pondok Tong Disambung as a foundational value in cultural preservation in the Cikondang Indigenous Village. This research aims to reveal how this philosophy is applied in the daily lives of the community and its role in maintaining cultural continuity. The study was conducted using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, and data were collected through in-depth interviews with several informants from the Cikondang Indigenous Village community. The findings show that the expression is not only a symbol of tradition but also serves as a guiding principle that preserves cultural heritage in an intact and adaptive manner amidst the forces of globalization and modernization.

Indigenous villages are villages that have a unique capacity and charm, both in terms of geography, environment, and social and cultural life in the community. The purpose of this research is to analyze the governance system in the health, economic, and environmental fields of Cireundeu Traditional Village, a Traditional Village located in South Cimahi District. Cireundeu Traditional Village was able to get through the Covid- 19 pandemic and even now Cireundeu Traditional Village is growing. There are various factors that influence the development of Cireundeu Traditional Village, there are tourism development concepts that have been applied such as management, destination development, marketing development, and the role of stakeholders that can continue to be improved to achieve maximum goals. In this research, descriptive qualitative method is used by observing in the field and conducting direct interviews with the management of Cireundeu Traditional Village. The results of this study show that Cireundeu Tourism Village can maximize the potential that exists in its territory and is able to maintain various aspects of life during the Covid-19 pandemic and is able to continue tourism activities through collaboration between stakeholders.

Water management is very influenced by economy or tourism and determined by profit gain. Drought, pollution, and poaching conflict occur which show how people today do not know how to maintain water wisely. On the other hand, people in indigenous villages have ways to maintain quality water. One of it is explored by Ghorbani et al. He explores how indigenous science is applied to create a better water distribution and drought postponement in Jiroft County, Iran. This qualitative paper aims to explain the hydro-social relation of another indigenous religion, it is known as Bali Aga. Supported by literature study, this paper argues that Bali Aga’s religion-based hydro-social relation is effective in water management. This paper contributes to and has implication for water management in other places around the planet.

The Map is a picture of the earth's surface that is displayed on a flat plane with a certain scale and the depiction of the earth's surface is reduced to a certain scale in the form of symbols that are selective in a certain projection system that is represented in two dimensions from a three-dimensional space. Various types of data can be described and explained in maps and provide information on the correlation of data to the geographical conditions (geospatial information) of an area which can then be used as a tool in policy formulation, in this case the customary area of ​​the Ayapo village in the East Sentani District. This research was conducted using a mapping method using spatial data based on satellite imagery from Google Earth Pro and community participation through field surveys through interviews. The data was then processed using ESRI ArcGIS software. The research was conducted in the Ayapo traditional village, Jayapura Regency, Papua Province. From the results of the information depiction carried out, it was obtained a map of the Ayapo village, a mapping of the distribution of indigenous peoples which included traditional leaders and tribal chiefs as well as a map of the structure of the customary space. Mapping also obtained the development of the ayapo village for 3 years, namely 2002, 2014, and 2021 which showed the growth of the village spread out along the coast of Lake Sentani in a linear form. This customary mapping becomes a source of information for the development of traditional traditional villages in Jayapura district.